Network Working Group Q. Dang Internet-Draft NIST Intended status: Informational S. Ehlen Expires: 15 May 2026 S. Kousidis BSI J. Roth F. Strenzke MTG AG 11 November 2025 PQ/T Composite Schemes for OpenPGP using NIST and Brainpool Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-02 Abstract This document defines PQ/T composite schemes based on ML-KEM and ML- DSA combined with ECDH and ECDSA algorithms using the NIST and Brainpool domain parameters for the OpenPGP protocol. About This Document This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC. Status information for this document may be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp/. Discussion of this document takes place on the WG Working Group mailing list (mailto:openpgp@ietf.org), which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/openpgp/. Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/openpgp/. Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at https://github.com/openpgp-pqc/draft-ehlen-openpgp-nist-bp-comp. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 1] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on 15 May 2026. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1. Conventions used in this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.1. Terminology for Multi-Algorithm Schemes . . . . . . . 4 1.2. Post-Quantum Cryptography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2.1. ML-KEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2.2. ML-DSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3. Elliptic Curve Cryptography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4. Applicable Specifications for the use of PQC Algorithms in OpenPGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1. Elliptic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.1. SEC1 EC Point Wire Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.2. Measures to Ensure Secure Implementations . . . . . . 6 3. Supported Public Key Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1. Algorithm Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1.1. Experimental Codepoints for Interop Testing . . . . . 7 4. Algorithm Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.1. Composite KEMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2. Composite Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.3. Key Version Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5. Composite KEM Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.1. Building Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.1.1. ECDH KEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.1.2. ML-KEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5.2. Composite Encryption Schemes with ML-KEM . . . . . . . . 12 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 2] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 5.2.1. Key Combiner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.2.2. Key Generation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.2.3. Encryption Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.2.4. Decryption Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.3. Packet Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.3.1. Public-Key Encrypted Session Key Packets (Packet Type ID 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.3.2. Key Material Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6. Composite Signature Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.1. Building Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.1.1. ECDSA-Based Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.1.2. ML-DSA Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.2. Composite Signature Schemes with ML-DSA . . . . . . . . . 19 6.2.1. Key Generation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.2.2. Signature Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.2.3. Signature Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.3. Packet Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.3.1. Signature Packet (Packet Type ID 2) . . . . . . . . . 20 6.3.2. Key Material Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 9. Changelog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9.1. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-02 . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9.2. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-01 . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9.3. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-00 . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.4. draft-ehlen-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-02 . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.5. draft-ehlen-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-01 . . . . . . . . . . . 26 10. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Appendix A. Test Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 A.1. Sample ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-NIST-P-384 with ML-KEM-768+ECDH-NIST-P-384 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 A.1.1. Transferable Secret Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 A.1.2. Transferable Public Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 A.1.3. Encrypted and Signed Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 A.2. Sample ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-NIST-P-521 with ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-NIST-P-521 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 A.2.1. Transferable Secret Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 A.2.2. Transferable Public Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 A.2.3. Encrypted and Signed Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 A.3. Sample ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-brainpoolP384r1 with ML-KEM-768+ECDH-brainpoolP384r1 Data . . . . . . . . . . 60 A.3.1. Transferable Secret Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 A.3.2. Transferable Public Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 A.3.3. Encrypted and Signed Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 3] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 A.4. Sample ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-brainpoolP512r1 with ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-brainpoolP512r1 Data . . . . . . . . . . 74 A.4.1. Transferable Secret Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 A.4.2. Transferable Public Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 A.4.3. Encrypted and Signed Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 1. Introduction This document defines PQ/T composite schemes based on ML-KEM and ML- DSA combined with ECDH and ECDSA using the NIST and Brainpool domain parameters for the OpenPGP protocol. It is an extension of [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc], which introduces post-quantum cryptography in OpenPGP using hybrid KEMs and digital signatures combining ML-KEM and ML-DSA with ECC algorithms based on the Edwards Curves defined in [RFC7748] and [RFC8032]. Due to their long-standing and wide deployment, there are well- tested, secure, and efficient implementations of ECDSA and ECDH with NIST-curves [SP800-186]. The same applies to Brainpool curves [RFC5639] which are recommended or required in certain regulatory domains, for instance in Germany [TR-03111]. The purpose of this document is to support users who would like to or have to use such hybrid KEMs and/or signatures with OpenPGP. 1.1. Conventions used in this Document The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. In wire format descriptions, the operator "||" is used to indicate concatenation of groups of octets. 1.1.1. Terminology for Multi-Algorithm Schemes The terminology in this document is oriented towards the definitions in [RFC9794]. Specifically, the terms "multi-algorithm", "composite" and "non-composite" are used in correspondence with the definitions therein. The abbreviation "PQ" is used for post-quantum schemes. To denote the combination of post-quantum and traditional schemes, the abbreviation "PQ/T" is used. The short form "PQ(/T)" stands for PQ or PQ/T. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 4] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 1.2. Post-Quantum Cryptography This section describes the individual post-quantum cryptographic schemes. All schemes listed here are believed to provide security in the presence of a cryptographically relevant quantum computer. 1.2.1. ML-KEM ML-KEM [FIPS-203] is based on the hardness of solving the Learning with Errors problem in module lattices (MLWE). The scheme is believed to provide security against cryptanalytic attacks based on classical as well as quantum algorithms. This specification defines ML-KEM only in composite combination with ECDH encryption schemes in order to provide a pre-quantum security fallback. 1.2.2. ML-DSA ML-DSA [FIPS-204] is a signature scheme that, like ML-KEM, is based on the hardness of solving the Learning With Errors problem and a variant of the Short Integer Solution problem in module lattices (MLWE and SelfTargetMSIS). Accordingly, this specification only defines ML-DSA in composite combination with ECDSA signature schemes. 1.3. Elliptic Curve Cryptography The ECDH encryption is defined here as a KEM. All elliptic curves for the use in the composite combinations are taken from [RFC9580]. For interoperability this extension offers ML-* in composite combinations with the NIST curves P-384, P-521 defined in [SP800-186] and the Brainpool curves brainpoolP384r1, brainpoolP512r1 defined in [RFC5639]. 1.4. Applicable Specifications for the use of PQC Algorithms in OpenPGP This document is to be understood as an extension of [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc], which introduced PQC in OpenPGP, in that it defines further algorithm code points. All general specifications in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc] that pertain to the ML-KEM and ML-DSA composite schemes or generally cryptographic schemes defined therein equally apply to the schemes specified in this document. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 5] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 2. Preliminaries This section provides some preliminaries for the definitions in the subsequent sections. 2.1. Elliptic curves 2.1.1. SEC1 EC Point Wire Format Elliptic curve points of the generic prime curves are encoded using the SEC1 (uncompressed) format as the following octet string: B = 04 || X || Y where X and Y are coordinates of the elliptic curve point P = (X, Y), and each coordinate is encoded in the big-endian format and zero- padded to the adjusted underlying field size. The adjusted underlying field size is the underlying field size rounded up to the nearest 8-bit boundary, as noted in the "Field size" column in Table 3, Table 4, or Table 7. This encoding is compatible with the definition given in [SEC1]. 2.1.2. Measures to Ensure Secure Implementations In the following measures are described that ensure secure implementations according to existing best practices and standards defining the operations of Elliptic Curve Cryptography. Even though the zero point, also called the point at infinity, may occur as a result of arithmetic operations on points of an elliptic curve, it MUST NOT appear in any ECC data structure defined in this document. Furthermore, when performing the explicitly listed operations in Section 5.1.1.1 it is REQUIRED to follow the specification and security advisory mandated from the respective elliptic curve specification. 3. Supported Public Key Algorithms This section specifies the composite ML-KEM + ECDH and ML-DSA + ECDSA schemes. All of these schemes are fully specified via their algorithm ID, that is, they are not parametrized. 3.1. Algorithm Specifications For encryption, the following composite KEM schemes are specified: Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 6] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +===+==================================+=============+=============+ | ID| Algorithm | Requirement | Definition | +===+==================================+=============+=============+ |100| ML-KEM-768+ECDH-NIST-P-384 | MAY | Section 5.2 | +---+----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ |101| ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-NIST-P-521 | MAY | Section 5.2 | +---+----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ |102| ML-KEM-768+ECDH-brainpoolP384r1 | MAY | Section 5.2 | +---+----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ |103| ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-brainpoolP512r1 | MAY | Section 5.2 | +---+----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ Table 1: KEM algorithm specifications For signatures, the following composite signature schemes are specified: +=====+=================================+=============+=============+ | ID | Algorithm | Requirement | Definition | +=====+=================================+=============+=============+ | 104 | ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-NIST-P-384 | MAY | Section | | | | | 6.2 | +-----+---------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | 105 | ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-NIST-P-521 | MAY | Section | | | | | 6.2 | +-----+---------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | 106 | ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-brainpoolP384r1 | MAY | Section | | | | | 6.2 | +-----+---------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | 107 | ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-brainpoolP512r1 | MAY | Section | | | | | 6.2 | +-----+---------------------------------+-------------+-------------+ Table 2: Signature algorithm specifications 3.1.1. Experimental Codepoints for Interop Testing [ Note: this section to be removed before publication ] The use of private/experimental codepoints during development are intended to be used in non-released software only, for experimentation and interop testing purposes only. An OpenPGP implementation MUST NOT produce a formal release using these experimental codepoints. This draft will not be sent to IANA without every listed algorithm having a non-experimental codepoint. 4. Algorithm Combinations Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 7] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 4.1. Composite KEMs The ML-KEM + ECDH public-key encryption involves both the ML-KEM and an ECDH KEM in a non-separable manner. This is achieved via KEM combination, that is, both key encapsulations/decapsulations are performed in parallel, and the resulting key shares are fed into a key combiner to produce a single shared secret for message encryption. 4.2. Composite Signatures The ML-DSA + ECDSA signature consists of independent ML-DSA and ECDSA signatures, and an implementation MUST successfully validate both signatures to state that the ML-DSA + ECDSA signature is valid. 4.3. Key Version Binding All PQ/T asymmetric algorithms defined in this document are to be used only in v6 (and newer) keys and certificates. 5. Composite KEM Schemes 5.1. Building Blocks 5.1.1. ECDH KEM In this section we define the encryption, decryption, and data formats for the ECDH component of the composite algorithms. Table 3 and Table 4 describe the ECDH KEM parameters and artifact lengths. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 8] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +==============+===========================+=================+ | | NIST P-384 | NIST P-521 | +==============+===========================+=================+ | Algorithm ID | 100 | 101 | | reference | | | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | Field size | 48 octets | 66 octets | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH KEM | ECDH-KEM Section 5.1.1.1 | ECDH-KEM | | | | Section 5.1.1.1 | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH public | 97 octets of SEC1-encoded | 133 octets of | | key | public point | SEC1-encoded | | | | public point | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH secret | 48 octets big-endian | 66 octets big- | | key | encoded secret scalar | endian encoded | | | | secret scalar | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH | 97 octets of SEC1-encoded | 133 octets of | | ephemeral | ephemeral point | SEC1-encoded | | | | ephemeral point | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH key | 48 octets | 66 octets | | share | | | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ Table 3: NIST curves parameters and artifact lengths Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 9] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +==============+===========================+=================+ | | brainpoolP384r1 | brainpoolP512r1 | +==============+===========================+=================+ | Algorithm ID | 102 | 103 | | reference | | | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | Field size | 48 octets | 64 octets | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH KEM | ECDH-KEM Section 5.1.1.1 | ECDH-KEM | | | | Section 5.1.1.1 | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH public | 97 octets of SEC1-encoded | 129 octets of | | key | public point | SEC1-encoded | | | | public point | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH secret | 48 octets big-endian | 64 octets big- | | key | encoded secret scalar | endian encoded | | | | secret scalar | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH | 97 octets of SEC1-encoded | 129 octets of | | ephemeral | ephemeral point | SEC1-encoded | | | | ephemeral point | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ | ECDH key | 48 octets | 64 octets | | share | | | +--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+ Table 4: Brainpool curves parameters and artifact lengths The SEC1 format for point encoding is defined in Section 2.1.1. The various procedures to perform the operations of an ECDH KEM are defined in the following subsections. Specifically, each of these subsections defines the instances of the following operations: (ecdhCipherText, ecdhKeyShare) <- ECDH-KEM.Encaps(ecdhPublicKey) and (ecdhKeyShare) <- ECDH-KEM.Decaps(ecdhCipherText, ecdhSecretKey) To instantiate ECDH-KEM, one must select a parameter set from Table 3 or Table 4. 5.1.1.1. ECDH-KEM The operation ECDH-KEM.Encaps() is defined as follows: Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 10] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 1. Generate an ephemeral key pair {v, V=vG} as defined in [SP800-186] or [RFC5639] where v is a random scalar with 0 < v < n, n being the base point order of the elliptic curve domain parameters 2. Compute the shared point S = vR, where R is the recipient's public key ecdhPublicKey, according to [SP800-186] or [RFC5639] 3. Extract the X coordinate from the SEC1 encoded point S = 04 || X || Y as defined in section Section 2.1.1 4. Set the output ecdhCipherText to the SEC1 encoding of V 5. Set the output ecdhKeyShare to X The operation ECDH-KEM.Decaps() is defined as follows: 1. Compute the shared Point S as rV, where r is the ecdhSecretKey and V is the ecdhCipherText, according to [SP800-186] or [RFC5639] 2. Extract the X coordinate from the SEC1 encoded point S = 04 || X || Y as defined in section Section 2.1.1 3. Set the output ecdhKeyShare to X 5.1.2. ML-KEM ML-KEM features the following operations: (mlkemCipherText, mlkemKeyShare) <- ML-KEM.Encaps(mlkemPublicKey) and (mlkemKeyShare) <- ML-KEM.Decaps(mlkemCipherText, mlkemSecretKey) The above are the operations ML-KEM.Encaps and ML-KEM.Decaps defined in [FIPS-203]. Note that mlkemPublicKey is the encapsulation and mlkemSecretKey is the decapsulation key. ML-KEM has the parametrization with the corresponding artifact lengths in octets as given in Table 5. All artifacts are encoded as defined in [FIPS-203]. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 11] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +========================+=============+=============+ | | ML-KEM-768 | ML-KEM-1024 | +========================+=============+=============+ | Algorithm ID reference | 100, 102 | 101, 103 | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Public key | 1184 octets | 1568 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Secret key | 64 octets | 64 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Ciphertext | 1088 octets | 1568 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Key share | 32 octets | 32 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ Table 5: ML-KEM parameters and artifact lengths To instantiate ML-KEM, one must select a parameter set from the column "ML-KEM" of Table 5. 5.2. Composite Encryption Schemes with ML-KEM Table 1 specifies the following ML-KEM + ECDH composite public-key encryption schemes: +========================+=============+=================+ | Algorithm ID reference | ML-KEM | ECDH-KEM curve | +========================+=============+=================+ | 100 | ML-KEM-768 | NIST P-384 | +------------------------+-------------+-----------------+ | 101 | ML-KEM-1024 | NIST P-521 | +------------------------+-------------+-----------------+ | 102 | ML-KEM-768 | brainpoolP384r1 | +------------------------+-------------+-----------------+ | 103 | ML-KEM-1024 | brainpoolP512r1 | +------------------------+-------------+-----------------+ Table 6: ML-KEM + ECDH composite schemes The ML-KEM + ECDH composite public-key encryption schemes are built according to the following principal design: * The ML-KEM encapsulation algorithm is invoked to create an ML-KEM ciphertext together with an ML-KEM symmetric key share. * The encapsulation algorithm of an ECDH KEM is invoked to create an ECDH ciphertext together with an ECDH symmetric key share. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 12] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 * A Key-Encryption-Key (KEK) is computed as the output of a key combiner that receives as input both of the above created symmetric key shares, the ECDH ciphertext, the ECDH public key, and the protocol binding information. * The session key for content encryption is then wrapped as described in [RFC3394] using AES-256 as algorithm and the KEK as key. * The PKESK packet's algorithm-specific parts are made up of the ML- KEM ciphertext, the ECDH ciphertext, and the wrapped session key. 5.2.1. Key Combiner For the composite KEM schemes defined in this document the procedure multiKeyCombine that is defined in Section 4.2.1 of [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc] MUST be used to compute the KEK that wraps a session key. 5.2.2. Key Generation Procedure The implementation MUST generate the ML-KEM and the ECDH component keys independently. ML-KEM key generation follows the specification in [FIPS-203], and the artifacts are encoded as fixed-length octet strings whose sizes are listed Section 5.1.2. ECDH key generation follows the specification in [SP800-186] or [RFC5639], and the artifacts are encoded as fixed-length octet strings whose sizes and format are listed in Table 3 or Table 4. 5.2.3. Encryption Procedure The procedure to perform public-key encryption with an ML-KEM + ECDH composite scheme is as follows: 1. Take the recipient's authenticated public-key packet pkComposite and sessionKey as input 2. Parse the algorithm ID from pkComposite and set it as algId 3. Extract the ecdhPublicKey and mlkemPublicKey component from the algorithm specific data encoded in pkComposite with the format specified in Section 5.3.2. 4. Instantiate the ECDH-KEM and the ML-KEM depending on the algorithm ID according to Table 6 5. Compute (ecdhCipherText, ecdhKeyShare) = ECDH- KEM.Encaps(ecdhPublicKey) Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 13] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 6. Compute (mlkemCipherText, mlkemKeyShare) = ML- KEM.Encaps(mlkemPublicKey) 7. Compute KEK = multiKeyCombine(mlkemKeyShare, ecdhKeyShare, ecdhCipherText, ecdhPublicKey, algId) as defined in Section 5.2.1 8. Compute C = AESKeyWrap(KEK, sessionKey) with AES-256 as per [RFC3394] that includes a 64 bit integrity check 9. Output the algorithm specific part of the PKESK as ecdhCipherText || mlkemCipherText || len(C, symAlgId) (|| symAlgId) || C, where both symAlgId and len(C, symAlgId) are single octet fields, symAlgId denotes the symmetric algorithm ID used and is present only for a v3 PKESK, and len(C, symAlgId) denotes the combined octet length of the fields specified as the arguments. 5.2.4. Decryption Procedure The procedure to perform public-key decryption with an ML-KEM + ECDH composite scheme is as follows: 1. Take the matching PKESK and own secret key packet as input 2. From the PKESK extract the algorithm ID as algId and the wrapped session key as encryptedKey 3. Check that the own and the extracted algorithm ID match 4. Parse the ecdhSecretKey and mlkemSecretKey from the algorithm specific data of the own secret key encoded in the format specified in Section 5.3.2 5. Instantiate the ECDH-KEM and the ML-KEM depending on the algorithm ID according to Table 6 6. Parse ecdhCipherText, mlkemCipherText, and C from encryptedKey encoded as ecdhCipherText || mlkemCipherText || len(C, symAlgId) (|| symAlgId) || C as specified in Section 5.3.1, where symAlgId is present only in the case of a v3 PKESK. 7. Compute (ecdhKeyShare) = ECDH-KEM.Decaps(ecdhCipherText, ecdhSecretKey) 8. Compute (mlkemKeyShare) = ML-KEM.Decaps(mlkemCipherText, mlkemSecretKey) Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 14] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 9. Compute KEK = multiKeyCombine(mlkemKeyShare, ecdhKeyShare, ecdhCipherText, ecdhPublicKey, algId) as defined in Section 5.2.1 10. Compute sessionKey = AESKeyUnwrap(KEK, C) with AES-256 as per [RFC3394], aborting if the 64 bit integrity check fails 11. Output sessionKey 5.3. Packet Specifications 5.3.1. Public-Key Encrypted Session Key Packets (Packet Type ID 1) The algorithm-specific fields consist of the output of the encryption procedure described in Section 5.2.3: * A fixed-length octet string representing an ECDH ephemeral public key in the format associated with the curve as specified in Section 5.1.1. * A fixed-length octet string of the ML-KEM ciphertext, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 5. * A one-octet size of the following fields. * Only in the case of a v3 PKESK packet: a one-octet symmetric algorithm identifier. * The wrapped session key represented as an octet string. Note that like in the case of the algorithms X25519 and X448 specified in [RFC9580], for the ML-KEM composite schemes, in the case of a v3 PKESK packet, the symmetric algorithm identifier is not encrypted. Instead, it is placed in plaintext after the mlkemCipherText and before the length octet preceding the wrapped session key. In the case of v3 PKESK packets for ML-KEM composite schemes, the symmetric algorithm used MUST be AES-128, AES-192 or AES-256 (algorithm ID 7, 8 or 9). In the case of a v3 PKESK, a receiving implementation MUST check if the length of the unwrapped symmetric key matches the symmetric algorithm identifier, and abort if this is not the case. Implementations MUST NOT use the obsolete Symmetrically Encrypted Data packet (Packet Type ID 9) to encrypt data protected with the algorithms described in this document. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 15] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 5.3.2. Key Material Packets The composite ML-KEM + ECDH schemes defined in this specification MUST be used only with v6 keys, as defined in [RFC9580], or newer versions defined by updates of that document. 5.3.2.1. Public Key Packets (Packet Type IDs 6 and 14) The algorithm-specific public key is this series of values: * A fixed-length octet string representing an ECC public key, in the point format associated with the curve specified in Section 5.1.1. * A fixed-length octet string containing the ML-KEM public key, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 5. 5.3.2.2. Secret Key Packets (Packet Type IDs 5 and 7) The algorithm-specific secret key is these two values: * A fixed-length octet string of the encoded ECDH secret key, whose encoding and length depend on the algorithm ID as specified in Section 5.1.1. * A fixed-length octet string containing the ML-KEM secret key in seed format, whose length is 64 octets (compare Table 5). The seed format is defined in accordance with Section 3.3 of [FIPS-203]. Namely, the secret key is given by the concatenation of the values of d and z, generated in steps 1 and 2 of ML- KEM.KeyGen [FIPS-203], each of a length of 32 octets. Upon parsing the secret key format, or before using the secret key, for the expansion of the key, the function ML-KEM.KeyGen_internal [FIPS-203] has to be invoked with the parsed values of d and z as input. 6. Composite Signature Schemes 6.1. Building Blocks 6.1.1. ECDSA-Based Signatures To sign and verify with ECDSA the following operations are defined: (ecdsaSignatureR, ecdsaSignatureS) <- ECDSA.Sign(ecdsaSecretKey, dataDigest) and Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 16] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 (verified) <- ECDSA.Verify(ecdsaPublicKey, dataDigest, ecdsaSignatureR, ecdsaSignatureS) Here, the operation ECDSA.Sign() is defined as the algorithm in Section "6.4.1 ECDSA Signature Generation Algorithm" of [SP800-186-5], however, excluding Step 1: H = Hash(M) in that algorithm specification, as in this specification the message digest H is a direct input to the operation ECDSA.Sign(). Equivalently, the operation ECDSA.Sign() can be understood as representing the algorithm under Section "4.2.1.1. Signature Algorithm" in [TR-03111], again with the difference that in this specification the message digest H_Tau(M) appearing in Step 5 of the algorithm specification is the direct input to the operation ECDSA.Sign() and thus the hash computation is not carried out. The same statement holds for the definition of the verification operation ECDSA.Verify(): it is given either through the algorithm defined in Section "6.4.2 ECDSA Signature Verification Algorithm" of [SP800-186-5] omitting the message digest computation in Step 2 or by the algorithm in Section "4.2.1.2. Verification Algorithm" of [TR-03111] omitting the message digest computation in Step 3. The public keys MUST be encoded in SEC1 format as defined in section Section 2.1.1. The secret key, as well as both values R and S of the signature MUST each be encoded as a big-endian integer in a fixed- length octet string of the specified size. The following table describes the ECDSA parameters and artifact lengths: Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 17] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +=========+======+============+=================+=================+ | |NIST | NIST-P-521 | brainpoolP384r1 | brainpoolP512r1 | | |P-384 | | | | +=========+======+============+=================+=================+ |Algorithm|104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | | ID| | | | | |reference| | | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Field|48 | 66 octets | 48 octets | 64 octets | | size|octets| | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Public|97 | 133 octets | 97 octets | 129 octets | | key|octets| | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Secret|48 | 66 octets | 48 octets | 64 octets | | key|octets| | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ |Signature|48 | 66 octets | 48 octets | 64 octets | | value R|octets| | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ |Signature|48 | 66 octets | 48 octets | 64 octets | | value S|octets| | | | +---------+------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+ Table 7: ECDSA parameters and artifact lengths 6.1.2. ML-DSA Signatures Throughout this specification ML-DSA refers to the default pure and hedged version of ML-DSA defined in [FIPS-204]. ML-DSA signature generation is performed using the default hedged version of the ML-DSA.Sign algorithm, as specified in [FIPS-204], with an empty context string ctx. That is, to sign with ML-DSA the following operation is defined: (mldsaSignature) <- ML-DSA.Sign(mldsaSecretKey, dataDigest) ML-DSA signature verification is performed using the ML-DSA.Verify algorithm, as specified in [FIPS-204], with an empty context string ctx. That is, to verify with ML-DSA the following operation is defined: (verified) <- ML-DSA.Verify(mldsaPublicKey, dataDigest, mldsaSignature) ML-DSA has the parametrization with the corresponding artifact lengths in octets as given in Table 8. All artifacts are encoded as defined in [FIPS-204]. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 18] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 +========================+=============+=============+ | | ML-DSA-65 | ML-DSA-87 | +========================+=============+=============+ | Algorithm ID reference | 104, 106 | 105, 107 | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Public key | 1952 octets | 2592 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Secret key | 32 octets | 32 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ | Signature | 3309 octets | 4627 octets | +------------------------+-------------+-------------+ Table 8: ML-DSA parameters and artifact lengths 6.2. Composite Signature Schemes with ML-DSA 6.2.1. Key Generation Procedure The implementation MUST generate the ML-DSA and the ECDSA component keys independently. ML-DSA key generation follows the specification in [FIPS-204] and the artifacts are encoded as fixed-length octet strings whose sizes are listed in Section 6.1.2. ECDSA key generation follows the specification in [SP800-186] or [RFC5639], and the artifacts are encoded as fixed-length octet strings whose sizes are listed in Section 6.1.1. 6.2.2. Signature Generation To sign a message M with ML-DSA + ECDSA the following sequence of operations has to be performed: 1. Generate dataDigest according to Section 5.2.4 of [RFC9580] 2. Create the ECDSA signature over dataDigest with ECDSA.Sign() from Section 6.1.1 3. Create the ML-DSA signature over dataDigest with ML-DSA.Sign() from Section 6.1.2 4. Encode the ECDSA and ML-DSA signatures according to the packet structure given in Section 6.3.1 6.2.3. Signature Verification To verify an ML-DSA + ECDSA signature the following sequence of operations has to be performed: 1. Verify the ECDSA signature with ECDSA.Verify() from Section 6.1.1 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 19] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 2. Verify the ML-DSA signature with ML-DSA.Verify() from Section 6.1.2 As specified in Section 4.2 an implementation MUST validate both signatures, that is, ECDSA and ML-DSA, successfully to state that a composite ML-DSA + ECDSA signature is valid. 6.3. Packet Specifications 6.3.1. Signature Packet (Packet Type ID 2) The composite ML-DSA + ECDSA schemes MUST be used only with v6 signatures, as defined in [RFC9580], or newer versions defined by updates of that document. The algorithm-specific v6 signature parameters for ML-DSA + ECDSA signatures consist of: * A fixed-length octet string of the big-endian encoded ECDSA value R, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 7. * A fixed-length octet string of the big-endian encoded ECDSA value S, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 7. * A fixed-length octet string of the ML-DSA signature value, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 8. A composite ML-DSA + ECDSA signature MUST use a hash algorithm with a digest size of at least 256 bits for the computation of the message digest. A verifying implementation MUST reject any composite ML-DSA + ECDSA signature that uses a hash algorithm with a smaller digest size. 6.3.2. Key Material Packets The composite ML-DSA + ECDSA schemes MUST be used only with v6 keys, as defined in [RFC9580], or newer versions defined by updates of that document. 6.3.2.1. Public Key Packets (Packet Type IDs 6 and 14) The algorithm-specific public key for ML-DSA + ECDSA keys is this series of values: Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 20] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 * A fixed-length octet string representing the ECDSA public key in SEC1 format, as specified in section Section 2.1.1, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 7. * A fixed-length octet string containing the ML-DSA public key, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 8. 6.3.2.2. Secret Key Packets (Packet Type IDs 5 and 7) The algorithm-specific secret key for ML-DSA + ECDSA keys is this series of values: * A fixed-length octet string representing the ECDSA secret key as a big-endian encoded integer, whose length depends on the algorithm ID as specified in Table 7. * A fixed-length octet string containing the ML-DSA secret key in seed format, whose length is 32 octets (compare Table 8). The seed format is defined in accordance with Section 3.6.3 of [FIPS-204]. Namely, the secret key is given by the value xi generated in step 1 of ML-DSA.KeyGen [FIPS-204]. Upon parsing the secret key format, or before using the secret key, for the expansion of the key, the function ML-DSA.KeyGen_internal [FIPS-204] has to be invoked with the parsed value of xi as input. 7. Security Considerations The following security considerations given in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc] equally apply to this document: * the security aspects of composite signatures (Section 9.1 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]), * the arguments for the security features of the KEM combiner given in Section 9.2 of [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc], as also the NIST and Brainpool curves represent nominal groups according to [ABH_21], * the considerations regarding domain separation and context binding for the KEM combiner (Section 9.2.1 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]), * the use of the hedged variant of ML-DSA (Section 9.3 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]), * the minimum digest size for PQ/T signatures (Section 9.4 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]), Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 21] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 * the use of symmetric encryption in SEIPD packets (Section 9.5 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]), * and key generation for composite schemes (Section 9.6 in [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]). When implementing or using any of the algorithms defined in this specification, the above referenced security considerations should be noted. 8. IANA Considerations IANA is requested to add the algorithm IDs defined in Table 9 to the existing registry OpenPGP Public Key Algorithms. The field specifications enclosed in brackets for the ML-KEM + ECDH composite algorithms denote fields that are only conditionally contained in the data structure. [Note: Once the working group has agreed on the actual algorithm choice, the following table with the requested IANA updates will be filled out.] +===+===============+======+======+=========+============+=========+ |ID |Algorithm |Public|Secret|Signature|PKESK Format|Reference| | | | Key| Key| Format| | | | | |Format|Format| | | | +===+===============+======+======+=========+============+=========+ |TBD|ML-KEM- | 97| 48| N/A| 97 octets| Section| | |768+ECDH-NIST- |octets|octets| | ECDH| 5.2| | |P-384 | ECDH| ECDH| | ciphertext,| | | | |public|secret| | 1088 octets| | | | | key| key| | ML-KEM-768| | | | |(Table|(Table| | ciphertext,| | | | | 3),|7), 64| | 1 octet| | | | | 1184|octets| | remaining| | | | |octets|ML-KEM| | length, [1| | | | |ML-KEM| -768| | octet| | | | | -768|secret| |algorithm ID| | | | |public| key| | in case of| | | | | key|(Table| |v3 PKESK,] n| | | | |(Table| 5)| | octets| | | | | 5)| | | wrapped| | | | | | | | session key| | | | | | | | (Section| | | | | | | | 5.3.1)| | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-KEM- | 133| 64| N/A| 133 octets| Section| | |1024+ECDH-NIST-|octets|octets| | ECDH| 5.2| Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 22] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 | |P-521 | ECDH| ECDH| | ciphertext,| | | | |public|secret| | 1568 octets| | | | | key| key| | ML-KEM-1024| | | | |(Table|(Table| | ciphertext,| | | | | 3),|3), 64| | 1 octet| | | | | 1568|octets| | remaining| | | | |octets|ML-KEM| | length, [1| | | | |ML-KEM| -1024| | octet| | | | | -768|secret| |algorithm ID| | | | |public| key| | in case of| | | | | key|(Table| |v3 PKESK,] n| | | | |(Table| 5)| | octets| | | | | 5)| | | wrapped| | | | | | | | session key| | | | | | | | (Section| | | | | | | | 5.3.1)| | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-KEM- | 97| 48| N/A| 97 octets| Section| | |768+ECDH- |octets|octets| | ECDH| 5.2| | |brainpoolP384r1| ECDH| ECDH| | ciphertext,| | | | |public|secret| | 1088 octets| | | | | key| key| | ML-KEM-768| | | | |(Table|(Table| | ciphertext,| | | | | 4),|4), 64| | 1 octet| | | | | 1184|octets| | remaining| | | | |octets|ML-KEM| | length, [1| | | | |ML-KEM| -768| | octet| | | | | -768|secret| |algorithm ID| | | | |public| key| | in case of| | | | | key|(Table| |v3 PKESK,] n| | | | |(Table| 5)| | octets| | | | | 5)| | | wrapped| | | | | | | | session key| | | | | | | | (Section| | | | | | | | 5.3.1)| | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-KEM- | 129| 64| N/A| 129 octets| Section| | |1024+ECDH- |octets|octets| | ECDH| 5.2| | |brainpoolP512r1| ECDH| ECDH| | ciphertext,| | | | |public|secret| | 1568 octets| | | | | key| key| | ML-KEM-1024| | | | |(Table|(Table| | ciphertext,| | | | | 4),|4), 64| | 1 octet| | | | | 1568|octets| | remaining| | | | |octets|ML-KEM| | length, [1| | | | |ML-KEM| -1024| | octet| | | | | -768|secret| |algorithm ID| | | | |public| key| | in case of| | Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 23] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 | | | key|(Table| |v3 PKESK,] n| | | | |(Table| 5)| | octets| | | | | 5)| | | wrapped| | | | | | | | session key| | | | | | | | (Section| | | | | | | | 5.3.1)| | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-DSA- | 97| 48|96 octets| N/A| Section| | |65+ECDSA-NIST- |octets|octets| ECDSA| | 6.2| | |P-384 | ECDSA| ECDSA|signature| | | | | |public|secret|Table 7 ,| | | | | | key| key| 3309| | | | | |(Table|(Table| octets| | | | | | 7),|7), 32|ML-DSA-65| | | | | | 1952|octets|signature| | | | | |octets| ML-|(Table 8)| | | | | | ML-|DSA-65| | | | | | |DSA-65|secret| | | | | | |public| key| | | | | | | key|(Table| | | | | | |(Table| 8)| | | | | | | 8)| | | | | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-DSA- | 133| 66| 132| N/A| Section| | |87+ECDSA-NIST- |octets|octets| octets| | 6.2| | |P-521 | ECDSA| ECDSA| ECDSA| | | | | |public|secret|signature| | | | | | key| key|Table 7 ,| | | | | |(Table|(Table| 4627| | | | | | 7),|7), 32| octets| | | | | | 2592|octets|ML-DSA-87| | | | | |octets| ML-|signature| | | | | | ML-|DSA-87|(Table 8)| | | | | |DSA-87|secret| | | | | | |public| key| | | | | | | key|(Table| | | | | | |(Table| 8)| | | | | | | 8)| | | | | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-DSA- | 97| 48|96 octets| N/A| Section| | |65+ECDSA- |octets|octets| ECDSA| | 6.2| | |brainpoolP384r1| ECDSA| ECDSA|signature| | | | | |public|secret|Table 7 ,| | | | | | key| key| 3309| | | | | |(Table|(Table| octets| | | | | | 7),|7), 32|ML-DSA-65| | | | | | 1952|octets|signature| | | | | |octets| ML-|(Table 8)| | | Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 24] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 | | | ML-|DSA-65| | | | | | |DSA-65|secret| | | | | | |public| key| | | | | | | key|(Table| | | | | | |(Table| 8)| | | | | | | 8)| | | | | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ |TBD|ML-DSA- | 129| 64| 128| N/A| Section| | |87+ECDSA- |octets|octets| octets| | 6.2| | |brainpoolP512r1| ECDSA| ECDSA| ECDSA| | | | | |public|secret|signature| | | | | | key| key|Table 7 ,| | | | | |(Table|(Table| 4627| | | | | | 7),|7), 32| octets| | | | | | 2592|octets|ML-DSA-87| | | | | |octets| ML-|signature| | | | | | ML-|DSA-87|(Table 8)| | | | | |DSA-87|secret| | | | | | |public| key| | | | | | | key|(Table| | | | | | |(Table| 8)| | | | | | | 8)| | | | | +---+---------------+------+------+---------+------------+---------+ Table 9: IANA updates for registry 'OpenPGP Public Key Algorithms' IANA is asked to add the following note to this registry: The field specifications enclosed in square brackets for PKESK Format represent fields that may or may not be present, depending on the PKESK version. 9. Changelog This section gives the history of changes in the respective document versions. The order is newest first. 9.1. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-02 * Updated algorithm selection and assigned experimental code points 100-107. * Added test vectors. 9.2. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-01 * Editorial alignment to [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 25] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 9.3. draft-ietf-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-00 * Changed draft title. 9.4. draft-ehlen-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-02 * Completed the IANA table. * Added "Security Considerations" section. * Alignment of various technical details to [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]. * Various editorial alignments to [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]. 9.5. draft-ehlen-openpgp-nist-bp-comp-01 * Replaced the explicit description of the KEM combiner with a reference to [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc]. 10. Contributors 11. References 11.1. Normative References [FIPS-203] National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Module- Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard", August 2024, . [FIPS-204] National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Module- Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard", August 2024, . [I-D.draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc] Kousidis, S., Roth, J., Strenzke, F., and A. Wussler, "Post-Quantum Cryptography in OpenPGP", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-openpgp-pqc-13, 14 October 2025, . [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 26] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 [RFC3394] Schaad, J. and R. Housley, "Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Key Wrap Algorithm", RFC 3394, DOI 10.17487/RFC3394, September 2002, . [RFC5639] Lochter, M. and J. Merkle, "Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Brainpool Standard Curves and Curve Generation", RFC 5639, DOI 10.17487/RFC5639, March 2010, . [RFC7748] Langley, A., Hamburg, M., and S. Turner, "Elliptic Curves for Security", RFC 7748, DOI 10.17487/RFC7748, January 2016, . [RFC8032] Josefsson, S. and I. Liusvaara, "Edwards-Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EdDSA)", RFC 8032, DOI 10.17487/RFC8032, January 2017, . [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, . [RFC9580] Wouters, P., Ed., Huigens, D., Winter, J., and Y. Niibe, "OpenPGP", RFC 9580, DOI 10.17487/RFC9580, July 2024, . [SEC1] Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group, "Standards for Efficient Cryptography 1 (SEC 1)", May 2009, . [SP800-186] Chen, L., Moody, D., Regenscheid, A., and K. Randall, "Recommendations for Discrete Logarithm-Based Cryptography: Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters", NIST Special Publication 800-186 , February 2023, . [SP800-186-5] Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", NIST Special Publication 800-186 , February 2023, . 11.2. Informative References [ABH_21] Alwen, J., Blanchet, B., Hauck, E., Kiltz, E., Lipp, B., and D. Riepel, "Analysing the HPKE Standard", 2021, . Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 27] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 [RFC9794] Driscoll, F., Parsons, M., and B. Hale, "Terminology for Post-Quantum Traditional Hybrid Schemes", RFC 9794, DOI 10.17487/RFC9794, June 2025, . [TR-03111] Federal Office for Information Security, Germany, "Technical Guideline BSI TR-03111 – Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Version 2.1", June 2018, . Appendix A. Test Vectors A.1. Sample ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-NIST-P-384 with ML-KEM-768+ECDH-NIST-P-384 Data A.1.1. Transferable Secret Key Here is a Transferable Secret Key consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-NIST-P-384 Private-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-768+ECDH-NIST-P-384 Private-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature The primary key has the fingerprint a3f3ea658b8324df76694581f4f6fede3e15bb0b67c7520255d2f7868208d756. The subkey has the fingerprint 16addcbd549eb8c4153c9626b6aa4dac17adeac4f79c54dfcbe4aabaa28aba1b. -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcecBmkMvEloAAAIAQT0a2nu+EbqUwOY2HhES+b5S+JyET4F2T3HBwn7W4NIhAWEv6b26yV0WCix Rem4EFtoxyDMIEOYLm9IQg5Zm17E7G1Q79D1OGWKTErVxwFnqe4J3MaIpmlR38vIdp5MNRb3ajcC tDKw4iYAs76ViHc6tVI6bOkOszsobXyPW7A2h54t8inFuI9Ia4yZM/A2aqUuOFnxim3TlFg8WoOr apjGA9F1QQEkqTZKiiN3bw9gdHeI0HUAFCOHpKVFMVvjVzVWrMTFsII/GoRvZePL/gmftMqCOglo urGYYElZAf6FZCUfucsgM+mUKDvZE1ghk+hFiXTUAkLnWaI5Q5idQ1FgysrlxQnG5pGxwz6YM+Zy YK+Nw0VZr5IOSsPbpkJ3qq+k0M4XmzkD+koMcusBdzK6c5uagBtGUJNwh+s7vUCAJhuDZY0AYDXt Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 28] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 8v+dTdtPIYLzV97ZD6L0LOlhflXbeWLLludBklIIY8J4JbHpCJEuM4xP8kPHVtNDp9apaTAjZiu5 FUDU9EJ9i+oRG+N8Jl2fy1ekWUHd6qbbOoJmlNM4iRTPyx21RnsjFW/03TALv7BW+9M1R/jp0EL5 REscvI7x919WS/215iFvDT9oF9ILEzcIHXBgkOdg6wueiiOevwayA819QSnx7Ftfq4Jxd5flei/m yU5Bdun2Po2h4YPd/OiXjRT3F5yS3z3G4mFDVzPwGj42Goo+r2bezuFUdciUCwiDJ6/6pJTpX2Qe CicwF/7DjRfGy3fRL5WHVPhEPS2QtXkk8U/aqiXmC9MLDs35ELYPQi/iBMrEE7b5MmBQhbwcrVjK MVws2q7v3Q5nwXIa8DDPjcImyXnNSPnq+3Zq5aj4Y9ad1upmLvLIlAXLzgm2LAmdy9AJ13dLn0Qd Z0U+r2BDBJxYDMp1cniyIgS7r9cQTybM2L8YW6AqcxpI1+YabmONSStPElgcIBkb7qK/6uXGdx2F UO8ef2JZJ3wMq6fl1gIzGjhc2tRNbZuc/VG2IK7Q/+Dp98wF8Lae1Q7V26c3v8J1lGYdiYHA3O8y T6FEeKMx9czueWVzI9sntVa0lqgp0XU5aD9eZ/r+UcFSI7iu19qb3ZpnEpumnWqm56y+YBhQeUZS iy2FUpj1XCS+7tchTNH64etYukZVAsSJOEcYSVi+rjAsiAYiFXi5dk+u7EXY7Dh7wRLfMTlgdP+n JolWzPZ/UZSzvsx0Sb6Ywq2D/r/t/5UTgTbT0rZvVZTtEQmYzDA6nUq2PqLazZiLcsB7q+JQntmV FPt+wsuIEFezKhMk7XeGUzo1mryz4iJOrUb42MjPYTw6r9VQwJZSK6Flf+Ci9F/ug3siqemlN1Ci UH0VbWyk3a/TweYS68+oXIVFNpNzrl/ChIGLB3aWTN+1GheQoKJgb5IhyZzQSiuAIad8w87zKHho nfbPoP6tl8mi+KammWL5Om7IJtNCRbc2c1e8WYCBCb3MVEMEaJFmCzvCikw6K4hDoMFzVlQa+T7o IzeD4jENf2TgURtj5EqimKOzS07DOFystF8e+Wp0Y7Ro03waiuuVX475BIK2jbsIfa211ArkbYtk +zhikZXP01OAUZFhAVuNRw0wVt2+uiEPatpD23DCR67DejF5+jXSdVWf3MT2UiJFGByC1zI2nLBW iSl1gvxBWgFUhg+RaG3WWTjpJ6/1k26EaAtyl6rX9z6bEWsmd78ambReB5USPxp40RWPd8IN/6pf rNk7xPBfE5G80zeXE8uRpLNwf88lUscDwL4NQX8i0nq2WRy+HcSpWRJLFJaiV+aQngO3Ivd0v6I5 LgHRjpiOU4kFEb5RGSiz3oSIsnI1JBZTZ2XyOu5PJcB0pxBVfJG/TvqQM9XlqLumWxkFaQ9HLb+6 x8CNi883RyPQw0rHww3IS93hZCJFl8nE+gJQsZJjO4qUD3fCvg8VwLWwccj+fqtDEM0Epqq158kH JztccUi8UVpAxxOwYko5woaKwN7BruUqYxYQ9gvjwZCG2uSVTof49nZT6fGkr6S6hyrOFX52aHGQ mGPT97CWVuivYOlxacPSNKaVNXEW9t8qJfiAaQcXy3NgTzm9p0DhHmdvFxsaGDo6Y3okhMQ2MJ/i PpKCJTgEMPbYrK+1p5i5JINSYwi8z7TBTR4SxdMayzxKvZsC6sm85+3klEfRBX691QlBdqsrgrc7 lsxJjaXgNk7XWVApI6zLmiq4yOm/FMseWkpSPPllvB59f7BOW2c0NBGmUaMV1wQX/Y524aQemjjq fFAJkkyj6/flPDvLG5AH0CVZ7xOTb5nFzUuyjyHfog40c/aNnPvbiTR/KnNoNEaZP9pisyTtdO+0 LgsgHHXdBHoCxONsNTXtpfyQCnaPCbraqMlC3dt0308+Afww013OsPszkY+1dr1kqI0x3t1e0cgW MOfBf2BfnfoooEH/q47yru3hcoj4kVtgoBr2yiK0KDsDd/rKVGHVI6acZG0LL/HoyRNE5ZAJI8EJ xIv0iu+VuQR9f36l4V2W0/rrDLUbYuf3E89d/2zdOLNdUBNUVicac1mFMrVIbGVW2uBso5/0fppK M46KzAr7O3b5wslE6fW5d2IBnKUbiAcup0Kpd+9LI0unUalXH/Q9m720Cu09Sg2N5mQKXc7UQO/L iWHU0irgwfQRWdolYfwK3lN92HKxt7gv+8auNb8MP5WkS9MHMlKkP+pNdUF5MbYjbOev72YM2uZg lziSDjI6sf3YvQDCj1gXPGrtm1PbtRIREQi0jhTQassQX4tzTKDW/9UEXv7Xt3Z+CyfDQDaIj0HJ U6BL5kjUUV35HGAT4l/As5t55WDI6japvFklXr8acEKEm8LM8gYfaAwAAABGIiEGo/PqZYuDJN92 aUWB9Pb+3j4Vuwtnx1ICVdL3hoII11YFAmkMvEkCHgkHJwkCCAIHAgIbAwQLCQgHBhUICQoMDgIW AAAAAAC29BB3MmDqtlF5ECkCnoLMQQy+J/LLMK23wZFsDPAsmHhkhWjGQUmRJiNxo5jb3GpJY4Jk Fz6lBRHsdorHLbtDusSvWMR2SY/P3eGBAMhSws7mY2qzBYL5oaCnJ55jM2bb0GS9QEPCxslLIaDe PFTfq7aHxKD5jXR9xzOJeRAZUr/KJFA5Fu+3boxagUT2jD/41g+1tByexpeplPhQb563zPzUWjFj YiersIMrRXkPoPG/WWa7kngjrsiGttICGFims/76fjno5mxjlMEp8aTIDBrxDeNue4vj0OK0Tb8n Vv3h7KzTvGT2xz3xfCzPKO5IQIYDhH7/ZpyLe2viQfEFHFpE4jq16V3cuyw+l+9Qowh2zcCPuyWv tLYs0A5ip1KwieiLKDNLufP6W5istOmGKMVTQUL8PaQKf1DN1uXMW70hiLUFgSgmzw+gaCE+K6vj BHyIFRlNq51wvGJ05zzaMGzc/sp1Rj8e3lgCFqvVi+rz6DY7Qlispj/Jd70Qca+Mvvci5nimZK4g dyok4+RaOyb6TlGoQ7PmuRMRaQxw3893gpgjUceIRpCKA2irQQoloEviL6B98CgezzXPNwXJ7Ado U/O4sFt63w+9SoNGuhIgIey4xwDXFNoOfpHQ+nFRf495504NUnbQilznHvsz45v15FBosJtQlmTd kOSm12NyKHuYoBcLsmTvY02AXIID6xhY7r90vDFROkryaSDdV6EC0zAGcbq9Nzsk6kF54jpB0IQ2 0sP1ulwDirIDH9p5VDb6CkNfyFviJP9xK6zrdW5sdTXGY1LUH7SZVw2DjZ9zDo/xuOaDTtSf3GT4 DKyCQsZXf4oJqhXkJbU4+ISO9WOG/G6UR2oH0F9Lip0nFLa4SARaGHAi2NdbvhkbCrgbDixUmwCC CfXL2GyW6ec9cC9PX/2W2nBr6cdmphj98TG+Wd3efJtTLYCv1Ql7/PrPLxQDcK+YW1lQJ3fBQykN x/p5+s8yJ2Tlu3W15kCebTuLesP/ysAuIq/e8gONl7m/MMx1hAVQO8fNn9tIuYk7aFU1we3bHZWb F4POgOaSkzmZV4IfW2cnNLrn0wRgT5Lmrls0cVT6Mt1mr9H/J8IJXzz1Q29IdRKbQEU9wR939r+q Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 29] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 UMeQPpj5/VfYzQJHeSADbtxbxrHZLYi1J4hN+iiuI2k6xujpdYr8aGV4QE5xCN00WV9Ood4HB6c0 MK4y/w+08pggn3TdIm79wicefY4rEXBYi649rZP+l8OpbqP/ruX+cplpoP6QAbGsfJGImZ1Fkrgv +9SznEo+KSQyfs5qT6pKayM+Qc9W+q/BwsKslz/8IphllKTxJJocdsIidarOa9jqPH8ShUMuWk6s unfBOYWV0LcHOtBncaoY1YySBp9xRuajKm/VImr4vrapT7OJilBHshYVEqI5fdTP3uQX8L0ZQqJk 2fkMCCYyNnK2e2gCzq5hzp7TpCTwpbVarwhN7sUlpiUvajTAt8r2dvdzlYsrti2DJZZPkRmjxrAD p/MNX/vP3oVy63fgldB4NhQuXNaYrZx3NnTENLrsT/vvUCuweF/OA/gHjs3qXfyTYDXAvqA7FFYK zYM4AtQSovHaU02M7qPkXfqBnwdFJcme05dVqdgn4zMJ5b9LaxSBFWZ8CgCrrQfbi1b0jucbrrVW BABq6jF5t5R7qqk9tfTHu4X+nTD72MrKT7G0TmKYhCX0bhEzsQDEwD2W/RLX2BaUHmepzMS1Y+O+ DgFLcrckXuAII7jsGCPGPnUE0nneJmdSVTxpwCgjyF8hUZeHJtBzWntJDhXYZDTtKh3K29ndQdZk TBzkugcbTn10R3Nf4mCA1SlJ0LYpAaDb3mTNCK7e/DjtIqUOcYZgGuK/rYmqfAjmdU6eqoddp2P7 9e999s8Lov/wwQvNOj/1HOAKjPMIMi9Ix5itGlBnngO23+J/fFwHnNxFxPzqcg17ZomlRZgTwOUs BuGscxKyDMCjmyonPHOT4QSjOrDcKznQ3WAhP67LeY5uzc9u85NhkPRFHxntNqDqZOl5F/eB7IYW bgJnCBwiPnew7Qn3TpoyHM89K8ewkmDMSvAlbbavMNoP2cV6BuiZxFMKwX2RT9WRC+f7ORjMlh6Y eZNs4M1ihfpUiAHmPbvXkRHj+V1fSBuF16ub7bhnhZgt9t2BD+tynZ4qjdj+x2tyIBwZ6dctMd1S 3V06YCKU+PgR3oZpcUiXkpo87xdQAeap5eSR9PlkQ8zR82EsbXXy7/QBTYK2H5su+dY3EvYvvqEQ I829yxVV2SkcNN0e0KKo0NkT4H4MqFz/aKWZKKu/Xk7bg/xY9OkOIkEkvNGvCi+ynMk/hcKYMTWK eptXKnEL0Tuf3Jg9QfZgswcB1V5kHOYFkiT1IMFFGUtPGWhOv5/K2RpuvWCcmUXle4NF8ZViA/6A +t3gWcdlVVCozishp5BrP6B5nJHN1zeb96iSFPFPBW2DY6r4c547wVmaHCFSFkd6S6rmoYbIeXGJ tKGnaAToMEr25gnNKJfAB17B0CZqMUkG3vrGoh0+3bU8FTNVTd81vfvigtvyID0N+ua9Tu9RtZ54 TKoxCZzGJPKtS0KPWdnSelKqwgPDOA/7u6inLvFdFSg2X1n9O8og9ozOTqc54t2yj2OfTZafQnzw MfOIBPd1tELp8MUhddPiyn1smh+ZwapmuCYZZYXCY4MAg922Przgf2HcUOed/OeNdwPiLxZ31YGk AM2QO+xgT6hX89oMhib0Rmn1DwMBZGsVSOtjrT74Bqh0VzM0tlSP2WxMVHGE/FRelaSJKy4vH2Ih gfCrabGV4g5T5hTwlbJP01rQoldPWHo9f/KMdM0Yc3RWTSetunq3ECG8fZpKlk18QyGUCbVmIH+E msUu1UV6/YBR7cGZZ/4LeRUclhyQl7xTFT5V1NKHjvL0K8Ei5XwJAW3ndlSBXP1Wp8fTdk71i38D n6lGnAFO9SHcJFPKuZAjY0UaDC5qHNub+DHcKGC9VYPlJGz2SEVv+I33ZF7m3vZarmoKeqlJ3EtV qpZpODLBpUryC33rQRE0bjiwQUMoYsFGISro2rUIPKfqNGwsm2MCUlzu2+78n+Od6a55q9rJjtCR DRl9hJawFjBThEtT+U/XP+de4KH+1Uv2Wg36LnWy6C5cL3D995Yul0UObKtoKUpDRJTazeHi+OIF 39NPLFYzFYHyEunR9OoVPh+X5S8Ghwbs+9MNY7bFfDvV47hrMCaY6jPUOImLt4Q6emHd7o464e6w EEnO1cDfQXNs0HyuId9a3gHgw3z3mQcwuZrINafUPVj7sR/4D/DWfbL0ZSoX1t1gkLO6QGfNr1c9 nbjbWakuyH86OFqaUeMnj52fzFOmiyAuardYsd+31YQvLiWb/wtnsggc6RPpS/5dQSUyKOAbqsWH nV/VIjYtuInHxE2Zpq/6nxOE8gACZHMJqx9f+9Wje9MzwBAkIRvbk1PfiR0Oa5EBMNEKeebkxQ50 LkgAklbjNy/Cg2o5zjG6znZ54Ax42ayk2xjiK3WzfWvrNJRwwKccIrxKdKkx/8564W+D14HMJcJj wpVufYxPz4Adru8pGy2o/S9kfcn924r82msTL1s7FqoOQprnz/Fg3jJdKn8cpMzRPaQF8uXfdRmB h18UG0EC2n7UDEX5R67QzgHzPkkMdL5CPqu1+fF12SCtUE1T7GnsdLOcfJA/Ryv+9keDMKezrTtN ftI+YethscwbxV1xTkQATYdoxKt6LTq+cq6li7qH0IP1ER4M9IC3+G0xmIMXF9r3vaeZ5kX/4qF5 8Q5tejfzGPvaLW4YP1tKtFy1a4QW69qSIoQekdu5XvoIEIbUITPJV9/gFN3th3ekvytyFiHcDxpQ Tc8w3mdSYsj7iylpYGEQDABT77s1aO0fRWk1yLV97tWQyvfDFtkIkB/vF2ihjQMC/ZRY9RfIo6CP r5Jt2lFsNCO1s87DURA8GLoZTVgLf/gfux4B6akpdKAR5kh2OFXdOGq3tdv0KRii6ctJILEkyhqD EbFyvwFzMpDwGODRD8KcsC219Za7kjXXj9qprH2NhEA0SF8k73nmeR9QPqOM+7N83QTYDYJC5oAN HpSQ/bKBtYfTKTBDaQnSmnUSxqMhxnZaXXe35WwhhW3gyufYLdeTvrdpZRT/zuUh4BLIU4tTmvLs juuEawzOdBRXkFvopFonOCsFhLmZerRG7xtODdkYuCwbg4Z1Swe+uBFLx1y4rjIc6bPVbZ8zNyGJ XQ0urFaBmpBQz+pfDqBrc2JDxQvyqVLflIS8zCiODAvJFReLH54PqnWyURPCcUEfzqM4k6K7Tord 5wfuknyInFETWutNEo2V+TF0RseE6uqY6cf7ot6xuEU0p2tl619wuCry0a5prJUO5sFn9bO7UMhT xj0m5GujaP38jzzDkKDyGHhi1puXZ0tCPuJHuezhLFrRFccDQFXRqypQWEjnJ3C1g4R3UylngucB Ndt/TSwhMlJkxNruHz1mcMPfCk2BhNryBU5TWGBhdZKj0tsEHh9QnKzc8gcLDQ4dmaW4xAAAAAAA AAAABw0THiYvzS5QUUMgdXNlciAoVGVzdCBLZXkpIDxwcWMtdGVzdC1rZXlAZXhhbXBsZS5jb20+ wszVBhNoDAAAACkiIQaj8+pli4Mk33ZpRYH09v7ePhW7C2fHUgJV0veGggjXVgUCaQy8SQAAAABf ABBhZkScRf56DGT/1rqHbAtkcjhvFELy3j68RTLEueybYmpmIcs/iKU0hq/FJeEG9x9IyP+xe727 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 30] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 gk8jzDyIaQtd+Y5Wuatax+CzhdTtyNumQoL6kX04zpJH6BLo8zNSs3FoL6VgztQko9UHzx/vrCy7 GdFvkAaO/2NvGfihhijrhxb9YaKzSOUulMIpYpph0rxnBQu/c5aJF8DdTpqFgn3DJj+p0ph1AsUu iwXlxrGuEYdAFbbR6o5R7TqW1iJh++s3VWdbEAtct9yYco4M3ayUZiKephME3d4soEL50+gxwo+B IQhckikEk5RL1/xSnNblsta2T5lj3vK3zc+NOwyFO8/2xaBtzhO2ieVLzF5sWQwwDqCi0TFaB6vT jx8hpk0CuBpVlE/q1wpJKgSnul0WTJrEPWv3ybGMLVjFIwso589iTdoDyuvQtG3xl9DNKvpx7VTz +gogdacduC+013CJIbPWjKU11wkqbftphVYt0F4CivLa4k7DfPZW2Xhbjd7XXAiubK6jMaaTp4i8 DPxfohXHOeMiTEQoepMzCAMOI5Vag29kQdU51fXRhkM4hraimtbi6xM4nMlAGazy17BrjcftjSsq WuiSnFOss+CWN9u21632QNHbX+rh9B7Th8At3KqAVv0SUbJ8pZ/huZ0mdZM+pbdZWXlWNb0sdWYO fKsVfpNAHvhDNEUWpAUMo0hmZRFY0A0TfQNJYuYxl+MU73v/tiXAngRRYbO7JEZYBPTUTTHZGclQ rdF78J9R3wSxSBP8lFMZt9QyQSnuaf7LuXwC6P2lpVOqRB+2KDLYPzyHr+nEF7hKMlGk9X9PqZRR dnrKS1qr2Uolj48v2tyFvU8MfIUDnIOkGodBPKODQ4H2cQlP5ON1LIGIxmFmIhapPB0VhWxJaS2t bo0JpHb2CrrIaICF+IvkQT1Z6RssfSnXQ6RBD9NNeNQqI7cpwFKst+5Lft7pUiB7lGXA7xGpxmpQ jmZy8Vril8vDD4IbD6wHcuPP5vR+U1FJ50Cyl0Uc/eVct4+L2SgIEmS3y76vasmtkhPmvt3Bw9oM f/nFuoAaUjoRCy5g9MYiUyl5b84ydVe+cxh9emfdJCvdmw6/Wc5dvbeDcH46ytz2IG9yas0KAmOH GAHeHQVKFZ1Sp6t3WkgDxGdo5/EW17l2REaWGFrCSS8YNQedWZkTjY5IpurQF4kUok/H6f8Hvleb lA9oWwic3k+In/WWQQ6jSnDDlC9E8Gl+k+QfAgwSkp/xWftVl9UoKYN/A83/oB+81b0ZRKzV2zKr 3Q5flM7Ulm4GqdEgbHwGrsWY8869BSo7NdWfDisuKj/w8vroktDbmn5KoNwQNSdGxYnyKKzUUN0D RQa3NP0WAgMMvQoZrjdYpRyK1wDRZNJU8Xl4g/2fcuo5XdtGXN4NQdx/2zd43cw3Obnj1cqB6wTR /D+J5JeCrx6y/gFz6XQe91iqZ5PwrrhK2YWrF3SxyyRc6zPhkks1AIQRkuN8wHeB45qRlfbbRUS5 1N1ArGtrCJvDLWfwlGvy2Y2NkMaiblaurZUz/DtJ/WAPiWDw8IvWzUrxx8R53pnSw1OXgAWVLC+P plVV7yi4VDezRFIJdQ/q6sP55F+RO2U23gUAMgTYn3m60daAxaXcWAx0xD+fdOfIpl2tPqNExHk6 tDujoX15bZ+9WPYl3fUE7XQGwzUjZWURhDdsQ6JWuyo62CD2UFIVbXUdYcTNgTevgvmHrFLmEY7Z gs0J26ogZ3PTehHxvLM96SZaeRz1ONKxPfjbp1Wo7M7S58gZnPZjBrja+96ABJZI5/cDHOqcq77D yhzVHadsIZk+AxiLpNezd4OLBYybJaGtv3cuzwl2lT4gPkJN71DotJ5cFGOKdtjDQRJG+9r4kme9 QkEr+QmzjaWDeh04GO1tAyFtJNsVyxe9pHO9N7TK11lrJJ5H5msauwzhfo7wzgQH/apLgGzAhAZb ngv10qoqdRGshly6XSC/Z/kHGR9HZcYTxAglPxokRgXIk+h45eac+eTOsNSrEeXR6fV0F/IcHU70 D3E2v7dPjAXFRDaHEeKWUU/FJDtmG1+MDk31W/4+bEArY7ifizhghvQed1+xjOrnnJp7CQnSJsZT p2euGJJghh9T1dkn9V+1+/MYOdo/uqZSd04wZvxd2hm6ASrLTE3TcbZyKIi0y9JHARssRxGN+9kE Gzd4ZIhqLyc997m/v6b3TOuPMIM7BHjTOaA0TbBsCcEPPgGCHMucUDW5+Zs9u6394TjdUeAGAnZO fGlbVm1rbDmtDHsLG2Dw8pt51NXyZvcxQfSY9wqsEivp89TGx2l/20MnllWAB1cupDmgLVJhqSjU 7NnmITgI2hVdCvC6F3b3g5ngib3LsgHPC09F1KxMqkOwTQG7Sp2ZXEYqvUBOcxDhausFCWe5ClE3 pM2n3bTyglPwzl250ApJwRFUMrFKzvm6ndlkNalR8ref9zlg320toFN5QnbuvLz2o8Yu9H/FFpj3 PIHZ3rx0UXENfkSj54ZDtQUhZx/a8aWhDeceOHD/0GMmZjRrxvMzZrNTx4N8vtwPlS/8mgGoneJD TQrZuGefZ5CFcLao571Ldptlr9GpO6ojJ0Y5omQHtQRRYDWEtMsP04sJBHL9OLonB6P1AnQJehDg +cjmo4ijwZDnzt++SGyXBXGCrOfAFQQ39QzG6zVKCkAddmCUSmId28ID8RMGa7EisHTYr/i9iF3+ 4FHkC6gy4M2XrUg0Ik5fTL06pRwp6Z/4isH4c+2q+VHE9MGw+4WrX97aLBx2I6br2J/SHG3Aud1b lUvlHWpotGuQpzqDEOZHWCon/6p6h2nun4ZuIXPZ8MmNZtxEFxxPy8WGE8z/MHH8Kt5GXrbtnbfV w0RLq1Go//RPaC/xBXDz1OsCtwPCMoPMNudsJCVn990V3qXT5PQFnvMCtSF1KWSRGqy7B8/h0BHr YBW6f5XavEsy55vYKb8WmjrLr6YMa1ZIQuMbEVy61suYanUFEnFL1gGMY7MHphmHu0hFU63XM0AA 1a0DIzLEdoBkIIsypy7WRQw7sIPQfVUCqhVB9EXuT8Ia93Oc6n/k931rh8nVGiMJFEU8z34ItRee hzCdU33Ri01MS9l+Vr4VDpxC6kZRSrxRyMPSNtbBIHg0WHQLqSOeUG9v7b+Qn+0M1bSUj7IckvLe sv0QDfqfbcP8dGuG/i50ORw4xdd8TAvrwuyIedpO2Hq+Phxh26nOh9ir1LauXG9+dE4FbwDZvnYX v7uhgdc5nA9lLdGlMMAuevKwVEx1awPPmnuyca3zK06Qaqu+oddKnTGUoTB8rAIOntLMdb+54s3I yvMTiCHg3rutuCThWT5ZZ3ub5p5G++W92R4qcXL86XFrBDGNzQkKPOskN0PKHaTGGyfuvVE8U9PH oOoH21dL6wfm+ph1/Kmcr+L3qtK1ZuIIHr/jPhDPWv8Ulzrojug3oLo7iNfM4o2EFcMdhS5vpBkl 9h6VarlbqFP4AicvqkwQKNs+vXA+jlLZ/KK7tXtD7mR7icWCi15meI4kbRK2jsV+LeOIocS/+7yO Iot9lufbGKETFzhwdZryMt192XIVrz+5IaAuxkN4eHzebMaY039EAvq7LX3dva4NpqvpuW+/o7IG KiYTdKVJt5DPFcUtFC0L3d/FTTfOyxtcFOQJJqUTQFUbfHPny3XYNM6pg4bunG+VA6CXEiiXhhh1 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 31] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 810s2+Rn/AEaa4VRxLldPgbQlR9J1Os1ZNFtPToL4uJXCmirv3X6Vr/5/cgHwpJDziuu1Qp2gfkb CVklf+o+8oO2O3q3VvqGJkBpLoPLvN6QwXNuJMHtET/o8pIJzbpdgoyCnXmY9XrTp74/rWIovVwr Zw5KHAU8pOlEZR1ib8ntgMrujCYiechwmsCHjqAfs9TYWvDCuec2qiEnGcpyECGahxxRUHPqOJ/m 3ezPdfdhe4jUn8mfe83kFT5l8CRHR53SpP81ZMo1B4WmF5qwBYVz9NTgoJWXTrJjNVgS7UIswz8K ePdczUYa9YABTyix4e0HQfytNkF9d3RhIfExf0SPYG1GSOz3yH5ylJ9zM5IR5T3m3lLRNjw7CihR uCBcYrYPilbXmeMSNazE3/JWY1U0ifQIySzEF2YvDrQ3hBf2/ZivznIiXr4gOsG1mHI6IjEhyKxm WbqlDLBoySBcDwUEQ8dZxPSh+mXO8we8thXMS30WUSJZLnznT1g+EUHXhLjNLoqs48is1tBcVser wTOL/9rpfxfc0P8bHxm9S7qDCy8JlQal2I/E3h4NYzxBa8PwwijgS9pEpXJ718+okJhmfNgdSQKO KTLCIVGCSrQ3xM9540Idkg5uQy3ZP8AjgwdKSu19GS8H5YGWaUt6SBdZ7bowSvT99AiRvKkcovbR HJGWMpP+pkbgCWlm8f+GhEehZmaeT5XKIBeXYudit6e5IKKy/ezVa4KNJt5wHfL8RS0zhH0mT2Ya JV6nrFVsjZitU1RpdnyX7TdQv8PJy8w4PIKHtrrf8Atnf7To7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQoR GCAmx8S8BmkMvElkAAAFAQTb2L41RQ49CLYTRjCR3FbYIzms37f3o1ptQR+1U81CfpQvNcb//KHm l69Lu9v2Yg6xX7y/7TULSrPqS7RVEtP2zKdDiYeV3tn/vARkT4ST/UoqesLyyPO4oEqgh9V4DG+K YT2Kl7Ezd0+XkVxjGk5aUUtIkFQMKEMZxYcTGJaSAqMSO4z0ciL2EGA8xrXw3Ff2wp5Wlrm6+lkY U5Agqkbml1iW08tFnDrni0SSpiTEGpO9hVoVwS/wBH2H5c/FJKX6oD95Mo+EExk9h3VAu7I5k3M4 YpjqQyPgEBRokEqP4qXARrVeJhX5+82walnyVse9GKz6EwMJlzmHbKG5qV591GS2Mk4I9Qv7FCSw B3OacrgD7DcZlWbUy7pk6I6WS3hw5SvtFWhC2GLr0ILmM4mdYxCPCSzCuYGHcqA3Z7c9p5YH84J4 p5m8EcVvR1eFfFrBxL/g4ThiAzoRV5F4MTbjhEJeFD2eYb2H5hz84ARhsZbOU3O5Oafboi7qJWPj h1+UWqM7RgG1YFhjHAVqc0Zp+HfpdqDRs4KWAqtfxwGocj4iKaE6lXe5dFnkeSc4hJ+RqKK6WiAt CFD9FIUpeQMcVzpHkb8vOZyRFDVHRaJspmElzCHrHG1BhkT5JGgKZCxOZ15NR8yTyMkPeH2p/C6b qmXXRIdWDCv7cAaz56HQupWu6Kp3EJxYssXF7F5BNzxARQxCkkTVIYw1ZSuC9w+oByXroTjNk45y gWureHetxl1gpRMNo4gCQjMiyGooExzFsok1o1ERCymGdsLtEInZsE8biLz157rluzbHNyUlLHfi SINs+IJSdS831VArE4uRmM4fkR+RcqonLMbiFmt0e2yEJpcpR4VP2MNo0iNB2pOtZzZKg7k4ETTe 1yaJY0UMILKWbFelGMzK9jtQaSInc4dzjDP1dK6BVlWS6LpJiVOfwIBICUc4mlEbAldQPD14oWgs UU2phibKJojc2gW81zclOiom1HxkvETcmXrmUU0f1nKy0UYx5zaqeb8fgRM918EMM7VgkBr04hRG iaIu8BYiKgVP1CAyFK3yUzaGYWuKG4dKAp6egUW2M1GHshxkg2p5vGxekjPxyzothjzVwKe18wON cUvUIXf1REfeyz6TtQnksR0HiEkjd4n/9icHKjiXV3P9aIBrdhtqe4NKNpFRWR5gYw9RJ0A7CK3l hlSN1VFgCnpG4h4rcqaLxoExc63n/ERgqRmBNAqCA2Q1Wy7qpD++CaFWQM9StWOyk5Glc1mc6h/1 08NyxQayUApvNJd+4T2r11NXN2RRQ0HzRmXnpcP+iZLUaATrsWHl08asAXVk2iCYxUToUUgGgGvF 4KRi3LKb6ATb6jjeAXxucZ3icMFQU6opqFcahrh53J1IfCDt1QwicCFmsiyzenV8RbwXC5BCtpEA GVrBbAFDAcUbal1bpZnadaqJwXf4GM/9q4sqZLhN061+RnfSIkL4NnnSaMNol19Zanl/mXy8875f s4OxgyjAQyaoaFegYxxLOhznaoYuLMCoYkbD+ZG+KHqtZEpr2AIwyKhg6qvWpHLTkSZzGJs1CG9U N7Y6JH0dEZDSNRUVGpSgLCUqiEmACzeq4xNxx86B9hnQUwfT8adgd7BsMiAeOQJP+rEVOVCO0I3E eqhed23gESEmZU+h3Iqy+rzLPxFXFP2ATXOMXeI7bJKo9JzOZcmXJOdx8QCB4IWnd2lJmOsa9SB5 q10vDrOb8dXRriwrx7sjdCPi4vlX5SkiqY3oKWS3UtZEZSTFD+x6vtFGOpNuBXI35EVx1Pb7DZfQ uQBmjk5Cw6Pq0E61wqXx4WILuYI1DZ71XiB2OWVdkp6zKJ0EldwZ7QCgwszYBhhoDAAAACwiIQaj 8+pli4Mk33ZpRYH09v7ePhW7C2fHUgJV0veGggjXVgUCaQy8SQIbDAAAAAAv0hCp76objoE7tc9r f1gY3IYK2y2sqZ6q48mS5t2J7Nc56Tsbbw+dnFzMEk97xhRTbFdxK7xlt9/eu11KXtY9r2P0I0aY vPwDUmGBAs9lvi6xi0htNCQJzKxatG1IB0Zraglvt1I5BsOsEjGegXLNmZyeSWmQ9EUA9r4yOucg Iwfz7mR97pd9FuWf/AIw+G0XS3rvEEh0Ng71gYYQoeQl/BZIsVQVSs6VxqauHmDUGVHK4mDaqF6B YaOKX57udOp20HPjlTwA6I9HbJIK1BCul5MVJqvn9rscZEH8DuSQyHPWAzhT+5gaBCIkHYm9u5yh B8st1zFQvLHl+yI4umRHWN7p/g/1eyWzxV1I1Yeva+kIXogBMW4Dw+B2/92F7NRWEVGqC0nUl/9S gJnMtKNelrbQ7qTwml1Hs25TRVgiVRneTWqTZ+HTRgSuXvZSQqxrtRVwSm6VwzDneHLb2Z8oReE9 jK8v73pOFQnqkXqYwJQhS3hvzgWGSgeqkzd25hQsNvJacsCzNXvZIM+SJfnwQ7dWRWvD6RqMm6qo aFSB9Xg8N5wrYsu3eTNlTgNhPtbFLLN88l3FF80Vw+IUSOsJA0Ta3oHjgXgG+CEJsgR0GjTX+phr 40SOj/6WkmK1K7ywBCLrwJzy7GxE8WsMGo2lJZ8bf/ZtMv06vmfG5pqkmLkKZrhYOsDjoTt6gGCN cDkiYb4SeEaAD8ahZW3IOSNMs1h1L/aCa0GiUojGFkTeEphS/RLWsZZ3/MqJ6Rpkvk+H/vZGgRwo 8/IVn+cqId8BL/k659g7dMhHFajNFstmiznY3SgHRHpcMv+/5oU64fPCzcRLUpjttXr5XWmWm40H Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 32] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 Q8TAJzRtiV1INogcTLURgHSxwjwrfGKdeiCBBRJcNiT1BcnfGUjqwCUBs7KvMpBb8d8RsGdFo+2b 3E5GUvX3unpjzzsOlCeDPtbngqvoTYwMQ1/AM5w4DakUL83J/eOpK3v8GGn9HQ66doYM3N8YItrX JAC5e1Bp+995lJq6Up3Fi1YbLmpjOrz6IWpO5IppPH3Cpynx9XVUxP6NnJ5VZ0Xdft20UI9QgaFp gwAZYX7f6p5Tv3giQpOqcaQ3ZtgQoFrxg9wjttecafY2DE44u0finc6v7KsjwX6TjDCNPBxM7QBd YzRMOE/Vu18uSHlDIBkht0mLWY3Kz71svDH+3eCkxQzA8sePxcN881eMWJJ5Efmy+gStCFAhoC5M VbM6cHMgs18Tx8qdBzJ7A9qFdAguVrDTsLbmX7fxBDHkiEeixZAF5Hk5ewrGxvdDP6PUv9KfILWv aKI2Ha/nbTpEJN9L15FxCV+5zso1WsCvag9aJ/yTXHdcfy4rar7TJx1Cg0JDnZgW2NHzY1gOMp8g qubmZeVZQ3S1q4i92KQejWQtPrhjh5P3N9xhgxMQytmVehQFdkHIorZwh0zbRN7zP9QVEjIoGAKO y95E8hJugww56MR70NYfhLl97HpumkLqp/n751wyvSqwu02PUJ48Q+OZWX7JsnFpUKLLflugtoRH O2fsbm77XRKhZBY6JxoNczIPn5CBSTYFSvrtTIG1AGpCRf1qptQEOXO6reVy9PQ6u4nfj7a9cYH5 t7OMxifD3SBG5+rdIYFEqDifWpBzxdFK0IA+rihDl64gThKdDH35uwVtDI+K5XLVWCzRZI+DMJZI hhhxSaIhUfNe1Z4SDs9z03K5VMnFMYQ5Mb5VId40WSeTy2lQKseK7SGOUAQbdmT3IzOgAixZi5jD yn4rLOprlCzg+NSY0qy9MeZ5KNH8tTJjANEeiYEOcJ9hvDTIYU4uwffxyMNd40pq+Jste2FIU3u+ ZpQFjnbvBLVFeFI0BonDrSQkgo4qp/c/K1LbnZmF8UuNNmiG9lJUtKnvtLH38/7r7WZIJiA4+/7L jpjk723I2ozixEg+CmcKnPGR7Bw6gjTpv0nMfpLEfCiFT2DIdkKYHZ1uQN+VWQ+5Hh6pSjQqVEDC gPbTJe7S++nmKe9NhJ+1QldbvYPOG/cg1Iqzki+9pr4q58iuf6W5BXAWwxg8RdTMSlsFJcXhCSbE LhXFVCEI0/u6tRgOItCC5Lcz5wkIi3CQs5nH2GPXQGQ9FUmTaHu1yMFqhKJouF44r/mClpUpwEEj uVio7wDcwKLewDPkCXBCCmHN5SeJ5z9tk5qJUBM0NfgM1HqR/yURWPp2bYpKS1H9hm8fP0Bcl1QZ gwFxkUZRGGVdocIRwvaTh9ipt7vl9Z1Ln68RL7AFTKj1+S6k5SOqJSu/laNdtk0p5hAYopa6f8js 2cVD6YdqmBgVsEPJYYyDTnPxOj/AJdpT4wp0YGfn9ctpU1C70yc5+p9ixmKRzTh7+zmaxnLZsp6v ZtuscBseArDeCIPZbD/qVY5rqmC3haz1y6smRE6jM8jYi8XU7F3EasWiDIao0Kb5AKmOKi+suTm4 fOJG8OCyzzKX7TGPkXdxWNRNSkHWXcO1pUFMAki03qxhMJmOaoyCpok4jgMuwHgEkkMLri5rGSyp hiHo7LZKaqCA+hwJxqRd/6vjLfL0S46FaxZGPO7Kp5N8KcSX/Ah4jtlSYO3oyqWs1k2DPaprcXMQ qxt3cfN8xBAz416oV+DsBzsd0xwx7ox/p+sLcsPJ040JXGfUeAtz5nj46R7rJr317aX+94JDsaqh b8qLAYhPVLHQ68Uvk3Rk878ONMVsjcRxNs42oXFS5gvw1fX07dCL4wendWbwJ+RpjQ8S6p6Hvpp8 l4iuiI/Njz7luXj0Gp8xMO5/XWzCwl8PBUO9C3w1RiFPRRj1JjXdd81n1kEcs2QZsyLbT/7iw6vG L1lGPUh7+FnwjI/AlxYK7yKiCXDj2yfJOdukRp0m4kHEwMAFXiS2hGzOTb71j7+MgCHXBzwebHUz /oXDDQHmtrCmXA7+hMDxvk32fPjvbmT8y5j1CId1rxTDw+ENQG+RMtGE1Zykpoe+4Ms2gv86CvlV 3wAZPG/ecBGoznJCMWRD6xPSb8z3oDEceAPdVe/5pDPK+9psA4yZaxCDEqwUuFrH1JzcH2FOQlKF JTibsmeIj0hIPVX/wF1TFXAdjYv9DEHaXbtOWApWKoJqzOd9aRFal8HblFn5SIwMcSMGfaxOvmsE jekap6YM177VfM6DIydrUt9/11NWcs+YnKEzEhyP0QxbZBao6ajygk8rnlHrJFa01IssZaSLnhdU gjbDQkX8OKgiWAVrH38aSdl3F/1Ln6+7D2SgEKRpaX/qVEFy5uYvI7ukdxjMXh0MDvbU/eJl4HS7 0Pu2RLpzWgrRb5iz8KQ10/4bQL60MIZl1jdIDQCjAzBDqlVTzMAXx3u2vrXEH51H+C1XQaa+tYDd UxehmyHnM9+RxasPVUsAr+kPi8uK2SfzF2ezRyYDevIc0SCKdpLPRMvGuISsjLKi54DJi4sLSZtl HzfsBsnlXqefkShPyDYcukQ9vhfswWOtlhdSPZpSn28R4gITO0gdnDd1khJYkNpwKIzTBmL6+n74 VMBL0wG7RK9gzLP+FlhRZN1hTwYqYJm86v5nYHA1Hb8KxGDPC5FGQzU2Agr50JngZ7asWmihHPCF oYuPyoRZ2QyeWnxgKa81H0f9PS5ecDj5xVy86TN0hxOHCFarunKkRtD4Y+0Qkr8+/LZbYT4O+RdY huAd9pLeqS7piWPMYXx+F4ATOsNTA5vboFwuc6NDPv1AmV+zCXdIis0CNKeMqDJb1KjciRCFBbt0 tITMaFS3U2G04QreAjNGmFhu8tdBRbgQOD6rbP18nJIthDSQPU96AUp3hSDQMK6tc/PABx7Tn6VK lafPr1ip25iWjiRMuUFEgtHG1F4CAvnanjVJylFzqd8UMwfPlYRvWZ+TNFqMkPEJL7/aELStmKeU 5PSBrmCZcILO4/XXP9kfQKAG9llY49Ow0/fZogJSadGpFEam79OFWa2BRMphNK5ZLdHZ78ndqvnJ x4PqoAjrcIxaPCS2GkVAm7zqfjTT05pg5hNgE11hnvPfkiaSt7T4T2Go+wuf2udgZrCmTRzQtRBl epebb0/q6vBnYQKmsJVN5Ov5aV6aNaDuy7uBgCYd2KpXo2UdS7HKIgUGeAifiFh9+xCJG6KoPymK UtwIYX3ohybxivlB/DQpk3QY8aN/4+bosFhovuBrKA9bOd60QSfWVCDUqCexbezq65S42lg78eEv NNzktRpwTHQIF8nqJM65JLc+G5k531nG7ktbwcgz5ts1GH+4Labp2LZ0u7ixIXjqH3VN16A4Yi4z ZkHjOZ9zMi9Wxc00ML+5xJ5SsmgTKJS1qfA33JTgFR3/paCbraAiMPNQLxVQlGRTxAJ2aHqhlYb6 bZmwLp9Z/5xt3UoOJyCmkuC5oxBO6pW8BoVskwqis/oS5YSJaIRkyw7dG6gXVTLsYvxSGnQBixuj M1yoY8OF8h8TjsOKQUlbqKjIwhyhn3O5LLqgVc0xdOJ4861sWkK0/ts2WB4bMTaIm8rn8RA+g6I4 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 33] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 UWt5tMpDaXnlHiCRr7/19xnwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAwSFh0f =Ibz8 -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.1.2. Transferable Public Key Here is the corresponding Transferable Public Key for Appendix A.1.1 consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-NIST-P-384 Public-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-768+ECDH-NIST-P-384 Public-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- xsdLBmkMvEloAAAIAQT0a2nu+EbqUwOY2HhES+b5S+JyET4F2T3HBwn7W4NIhAWEv6b26yV0WCix Rem4EFtoxyDMIEOYLm9IQg5Zm17E7G1Q79D1OGWKTErVxwFnqe4J3MaIpmlR38vIdp5MNRb3ajcC tDKw4iYAs76ViHc6tVI6bOkOszsobXyPW7A2h54t8inFuI9Ia4yZM/A2aqUuOFnxim3TlFg8WoOr apjGA9F1QQEkqTZKiiN3bw9gdHeI0HUAFCOHpKVFMVvjVzVWrMTFsII/GoRvZePL/gmftMqCOglo urGYYElZAf6FZCUfucsgM+mUKDvZE1ghk+hFiXTUAkLnWaI5Q5idQ1FgysrlxQnG5pGxwz6YM+Zy YK+Nw0VZr5IOSsPbpkJ3qq+k0M4XmzkD+koMcusBdzK6c5uagBtGUJNwh+s7vUCAJhuDZY0AYDXt 8v+dTdtPIYLzV97ZD6L0LOlhflXbeWLLludBklIIY8J4JbHpCJEuM4xP8kPHVtNDp9apaTAjZiu5 FUDU9EJ9i+oRG+N8Jl2fy1ekWUHd6qbbOoJmlNM4iRTPyx21RnsjFW/03TALv7BW+9M1R/jp0EL5 REscvI7x919WS/215iFvDT9oF9ILEzcIHXBgkOdg6wueiiOevwayA819QSnx7Ftfq4Jxd5flei/m yU5Bdun2Po2h4YPd/OiXjRT3F5yS3z3G4mFDVzPwGj42Goo+r2bezuFUdciUCwiDJ6/6pJTpX2Qe CicwF/7DjRfGy3fRL5WHVPhEPS2QtXkk8U/aqiXmC9MLDs35ELYPQi/iBMrEE7b5MmBQhbwcrVjK MVws2q7v3Q5nwXIa8DDPjcImyXnNSPnq+3Zq5aj4Y9ad1upmLvLIlAXLzgm2LAmdy9AJ13dLn0Qd Z0U+r2BDBJxYDMp1cniyIgS7r9cQTybM2L8YW6AqcxpI1+YabmONSStPElgcIBkb7qK/6uXGdx2F UO8ef2JZJ3wMq6fl1gIzGjhc2tRNbZuc/VG2IK7Q/+Dp98wF8Lae1Q7V26c3v8J1lGYdiYHA3O8y T6FEeKMx9czueWVzI9sntVa0lqgp0XU5aD9eZ/r+UcFSI7iu19qb3ZpnEpumnWqm56y+YBhQeUZS iy2FUpj1XCS+7tchTNH64etYukZVAsSJOEcYSVi+rjAsiAYiFXi5dk+u7EXY7Dh7wRLfMTlgdP+n JolWzPZ/UZSzvsx0Sb6Ywq2D/r/t/5UTgTbT0rZvVZTtEQmYzDA6nUq2PqLazZiLcsB7q+JQntmV FPt+wsuIEFezKhMk7XeGUzo1mryz4iJOrUb42MjPYTw6r9VQwJZSK6Flf+Ci9F/ug3siqemlN1Ci UH0VbWyk3a/TweYS68+oXIVFNpNzrl/ChIGLB3aWTN+1GheQoKJgb5IhyZzQSiuAIad8w87zKHho nfbPoP6tl8mi+KammWL5Om7IJtNCRbc2c1e8WYCBCb3MVEMEaJFmCzvCikw6K4hDoMFzVlQa+T7o IzeD4jENf2TgURtj5EqimKOzS07DOFystF8e+Wp0Y7Ro03waiuuVX475BIK2jbsIfa211ArkbYtk +zhikZXP01OAUZFhAVuNRw0wVt2+uiEPatpD23DCR67DejF5+jXSdVWf3MT2UiJFGByC1zI2nLBW iSl1gvxBWgFUhg+RaG3WWTjpJ6/1k26EaAtyl6rX9z6bEWsmd78ambReB5USPxp40RWPd8IN/6pf rNk7xPBfE5G80zeXE8uRpLNwf88lUscDwL4NQX8i0nq2WRy+HcSpWRJLFJaiV+aQngO3Ivd0v6I5 LgHRjpiOU4kFEb5RGSiz3oSIsnI1JBZTZ2XyOu5PJcB0pxBVfJG/TvqQM9XlqLumWxkFaQ9HLb+6 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 34] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 x8CNi883RyPQw0rHww3IS93hZCJFl8nE+gJQsZJjO4qUD3fCvg8VwLWwccj+fqtDEM0Epqq158kH JztccUi8UVpAxxOwYko5woaKwN7BruUqYxYQ9gvjwZCG2uSVTof49nZT6fGkr6S6hyrOFX52aHGQ mGPT97CWVuivYOlxacPSNKaVNXEW9t8qJfiAaQcXy3NgTzm9p0DhHmdvFxsaGDo6Y3okhMQ2MJ/i PpKCJTgEMPbYrK+1p5i5JINSYwi8z7TBTR4SxdMayzxKvZsC6sm85+3klEfRBX691QlBdqsrgrc7 lsxJjaXgNk7XWVApI6zLmiq4yOm/FMseWkpSPPllvB59f7BOW2c0NBGmUaMV1wQX/Y524aQemjjq fFAJkkyj6/flPDvLG5AH0CVZ7xOTb5nFzUuyjyHfog40c/aNnPvbiTR/KnNoNEaZP9pisyTtdO+0 LgsgHHXdBHoCxONsNTXtpfyQCnaPCbraqMlC3dt0308+Afww013OsPszkY+1dr1kqI0x3t1e0cgW MOfBf2BfnfoooEH/q47yru3hcoj4kVtgoBr2yiK0KDsDd/rKVGHVI6acZG0LL/HoyRNE5ZAJI8EJ xIv0iu+VuQR9f36l4V2W0/rrDLUbYuf3E89d/2zdOLNdUBNUVicac1mFMrVIbGVW2uBso5/0fppK M46KzAr7O3b5wslE6fW5d2IBnKUbiAcup0Kpd+9LI0unUalXH/Q9m720Cu09Sg2N5mQKXc7UQO/L iWHU0irgwfQRWdolYfwK3lN92HKxt7gv+8auNb8MP5WkS9MHMlKkP+pNdUF5MbYjbOev72YM2uZg lziSDjI6sf3YvcLM8gYfaAwAAABGIiEGo/PqZYuDJN92aUWB9Pb+3j4Vuwtnx1ICVdL3hoII11YF AmkMvEkCHgkHJwkCCAIHAgIbAwQLCQgHBhUICQoMDgIWAAAAAAC29BB3MmDqtlF5ECkCnoLMQQy+ J/LLMK23wZFsDPAsmHhkhWjGQUmRJiNxo5jb3GpJY4JkFz6lBRHsdorHLbtDusSvWMR2SY/P3eGB AMhSws7mY2qzBYL5oaCnJ55jM2bb0GS9QEPCxslLIaDePFTfq7aHxKD5jXR9xzOJeRAZUr/KJFA5 Fu+3boxagUT2jD/41g+1tByexpeplPhQb563zPzUWjFjYiersIMrRXkPoPG/WWa7kngjrsiGttIC GFims/76fjno5mxjlMEp8aTIDBrxDeNue4vj0OK0Tb8nVv3h7KzTvGT2xz3xfCzPKO5IQIYDhH7/ ZpyLe2viQfEFHFpE4jq16V3cuyw+l+9Qowh2zcCPuyWvtLYs0A5ip1KwieiLKDNLufP6W5istOmG KMVTQUL8PaQKf1DN1uXMW70hiLUFgSgmzw+gaCE+K6vjBHyIFRlNq51wvGJ05zzaMGzc/sp1Rj8e 3lgCFqvVi+rz6DY7Qlispj/Jd70Qca+Mvvci5nimZK4gdyok4+RaOyb6TlGoQ7PmuRMRaQxw3893 gpgjUceIRpCKA2irQQoloEviL6B98CgezzXPNwXJ7AdoU/O4sFt63w+9SoNGuhIgIey4xwDXFNoO fpHQ+nFRf495504NUnbQilznHvsz45v15FBosJtQlmTdkOSm12NyKHuYoBcLsmTvY02AXIID6xhY 7r90vDFROkryaSDdV6EC0zAGcbq9Nzsk6kF54jpB0IQ20sP1ulwDirIDH9p5VDb6CkNfyFviJP9x K6zrdW5sdTXGY1LUH7SZVw2DjZ9zDo/xuOaDTtSf3GT4DKyCQsZXf4oJqhXkJbU4+ISO9WOG/G6U R2oH0F9Lip0nFLa4SARaGHAi2NdbvhkbCrgbDixUmwCCCfXL2GyW6ec9cC9PX/2W2nBr6cdmphj9 8TG+Wd3efJtTLYCv1Ql7/PrPLxQDcK+YW1lQJ3fBQykNx/p5+s8yJ2Tlu3W15kCebTuLesP/ysAu Iq/e8gONl7m/MMx1hAVQO8fNn9tIuYk7aFU1we3bHZWbF4POgOaSkzmZV4IfW2cnNLrn0wRgT5Lm rls0cVT6Mt1mr9H/J8IJXzz1Q29IdRKbQEU9wR939r+qUMeQPpj5/VfYzQJHeSADbtxbxrHZLYi1 J4hN+iiuI2k6xujpdYr8aGV4QE5xCN00WV9Ood4HB6c0MK4y/w+08pggn3TdIm79wicefY4rEXBY i649rZP+l8OpbqP/ruX+cplpoP6QAbGsfJGImZ1Fkrgv+9SznEo+KSQyfs5qT6pKayM+Qc9W+q/B wsKslz/8IphllKTxJJocdsIidarOa9jqPH8ShUMuWk6sunfBOYWV0LcHOtBncaoY1YySBp9xRuaj Km/VImr4vrapT7OJilBHshYVEqI5fdTP3uQX8L0ZQqJk2fkMCCYyNnK2e2gCzq5hzp7TpCTwpbVa rwhN7sUlpiUvajTAt8r2dvdzlYsrti2DJZZPkRmjxrADp/MNX/vP3oVy63fgldB4NhQuXNaYrZx3 NnTENLrsT/vvUCuweF/OA/gHjs3qXfyTYDXAvqA7FFYKzYM4AtQSovHaU02M7qPkXfqBnwdFJcme 05dVqdgn4zMJ5b9LaxSBFWZ8CgCrrQfbi1b0jucbrrVWBABq6jF5t5R7qqk9tfTHu4X+nTD72MrK T7G0TmKYhCX0bhEzsQDEwD2W/RLX2BaUHmepzMS1Y+O+DgFLcrckXuAII7jsGCPGPnUE0nneJmdS VTxpwCgjyF8hUZeHJtBzWntJDhXYZDTtKh3K29ndQdZkTBzkugcbTn10R3Nf4mCA1SlJ0LYpAaDb 3mTNCK7e/DjtIqUOcYZgGuK/rYmqfAjmdU6eqoddp2P79e999s8Lov/wwQvNOj/1HOAKjPMIMi9I x5itGlBnngO23+J/fFwHnNxFxPzqcg17ZomlRZgTwOUsBuGscxKyDMCjmyonPHOT4QSjOrDcKznQ 3WAhP67LeY5uzc9u85NhkPRFHxntNqDqZOl5F/eB7IYWbgJnCBwiPnew7Qn3TpoyHM89K8ewkmDM SvAlbbavMNoP2cV6BuiZxFMKwX2RT9WRC+f7ORjMlh6YeZNs4M1ihfpUiAHmPbvXkRHj+V1fSBuF 16ub7bhnhZgt9t2BD+tynZ4qjdj+x2tyIBwZ6dctMd1S3V06YCKU+PgR3oZpcUiXkpo87xdQAeap 5eSR9PlkQ8zR82EsbXXy7/QBTYK2H5su+dY3EvYvvqEQI829yxVV2SkcNN0e0KKo0NkT4H4MqFz/ aKWZKKu/Xk7bg/xY9OkOIkEkvNGvCi+ynMk/hcKYMTWKeptXKnEL0Tuf3Jg9QfZgswcB1V5kHOYF kiT1IMFFGUtPGWhOv5/K2RpuvWCcmUXle4NF8ZViA/6A+t3gWcdlVVCozishp5BrP6B5nJHN1zeb 96iSFPFPBW2DY6r4c547wVmaHCFSFkd6S6rmoYbIeXGJtKGnaAToMEr25gnNKJfAB17B0CZqMUkG 3vrGoh0+3bU8FTNVTd81vfvigtvyID0N+ua9Tu9RtZ54TKoxCZzGJPKtS0KPWdnSelKqwgPDOA/7 u6inLvFdFSg2X1n9O8og9ozOTqc54t2yj2OfTZafQnzwMfOIBPd1tELp8MUhddPiyn1smh+Zwapm Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 35] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 uCYZZYXCY4MAg922Przgf2HcUOed/OeNdwPiLxZ31YGkAM2QO+xgT6hX89oMhib0Rmn1DwMBZGsV SOtjrT74Bqh0VzM0tlSP2WxMVHGE/FRelaSJKy4vH2IhgfCrabGV4g5T5hTwlbJP01rQoldPWHo9 f/KMdM0Yc3RWTSetunq3ECG8fZpKlk18QyGUCbVmIH+EmsUu1UV6/YBR7cGZZ/4LeRUclhyQl7xT FT5V1NKHjvL0K8Ei5XwJAW3ndlSBXP1Wp8fTdk71i38Dn6lGnAFO9SHcJFPKuZAjY0UaDC5qHNub +DHcKGC9VYPlJGz2SEVv+I33ZF7m3vZarmoKeqlJ3EtVqpZpODLBpUryC33rQRE0bjiwQUMoYsFG ISro2rUIPKfqNGwsm2MCUlzu2+78n+Od6a55q9rJjtCRDRl9hJawFjBThEtT+U/XP+de4KH+1Uv2 Wg36LnWy6C5cL3D995Yul0UObKtoKUpDRJTazeHi+OIF39NPLFYzFYHyEunR9OoVPh+X5S8Ghwbs +9MNY7bFfDvV47hrMCaY6jPUOImLt4Q6emHd7o464e6wEEnO1cDfQXNs0HyuId9a3gHgw3z3mQcw uZrINafUPVj7sR/4D/DWfbL0ZSoX1t1gkLO6QGfNr1c9nbjbWakuyH86OFqaUeMnj52fzFOmiyAu ardYsd+31YQvLiWb/wtnsggc6RPpS/5dQSUyKOAbqsWHnV/VIjYtuInHxE2Zpq/6nxOE8gACZHMJ qx9f+9Wje9MzwBAkIRvbk1PfiR0Oa5EBMNEKeebkxQ50LkgAklbjNy/Cg2o5zjG6znZ54Ax42ayk 2xjiK3WzfWvrNJRwwKccIrxKdKkx/8564W+D14HMJcJjwpVufYxPz4Adru8pGy2o/S9kfcn924r8 2msTL1s7FqoOQprnz/Fg3jJdKn8cpMzRPaQF8uXfdRmBh18UG0EC2n7UDEX5R67QzgHzPkkMdL5C Pqu1+fF12SCtUE1T7GnsdLOcfJA/Ryv+9keDMKezrTtNftI+YethscwbxV1xTkQATYdoxKt6LTq+ cq6li7qH0IP1ER4M9IC3+G0xmIMXF9r3vaeZ5kX/4qF58Q5tejfzGPvaLW4YP1tKtFy1a4QW69qS IoQekdu5XvoIEIbUITPJV9/gFN3th3ekvytyFiHcDxpQTc8w3mdSYsj7iylpYGEQDABT77s1aO0f RWk1yLV97tWQyvfDFtkIkB/vF2ihjQMC/ZRY9RfIo6CPr5Jt2lFsNCO1s87DURA8GLoZTVgLf/gf ux4B6akpdKAR5kh2OFXdOGq3tdv0KRii6ctJILEkyhqDEbFyvwFzMpDwGODRD8KcsC219Za7kjXX j9qprH2NhEA0SF8k73nmeR9QPqOM+7N83QTYDYJC5oANHpSQ/bKBtYfTKTBDaQnSmnUSxqMhxnZa XXe35WwhhW3gyufYLdeTvrdpZRT/zuUh4BLIU4tTmvLsjuuEawzOdBRXkFvopFonOCsFhLmZerRG 7xtODdkYuCwbg4Z1Swe+uBFLx1y4rjIc6bPVbZ8zNyGJXQ0urFaBmpBQz+pfDqBrc2JDxQvyqVLf lIS8zCiODAvJFReLH54PqnWyURPCcUEfzqM4k6K7Tord5wfuknyInFETWutNEo2V+TF0RseE6uqY 6cf7ot6xuEU0p2tl619wuCry0a5prJUO5sFn9bO7UMhTxj0m5GujaP38jzzDkKDyGHhi1puXZ0tC PuJHuezhLFrRFccDQFXRqypQWEjnJ3C1g4R3UylngucBNdt/TSwhMlJkxNruHz1mcMPfCk2BhNry BU5TWGBhdZKj0tsEHh9QnKzc8gcLDQ4dmaW4xAAAAAAAAAAABw0THiYvzS5QUUMgdXNlciAoVGVz dCBLZXkpIDxwcWMtdGVzdC1rZXlAZXhhbXBsZS5jb20+wszVBhNoDAAAACkiIQaj8+pli4Mk33Zp RYH09v7ePhW7C2fHUgJV0veGggjXVgUCaQy8SQAAAABfABBhZkScRf56DGT/1rqHbAtkcjhvFELy 3j68RTLEueybYmpmIcs/iKU0hq/FJeEG9x9IyP+xe727gk8jzDyIaQtd+Y5Wuatax+CzhdTtyNum QoL6kX04zpJH6BLo8zNSs3FoL6VgztQko9UHzx/vrCy7GdFvkAaO/2NvGfihhijrhxb9YaKzSOUu lMIpYpph0rxnBQu/c5aJF8DdTpqFgn3DJj+p0ph1AsUuiwXlxrGuEYdAFbbR6o5R7TqW1iJh++s3 VWdbEAtct9yYco4M3ayUZiKephME3d4soEL50+gxwo+BIQhckikEk5RL1/xSnNblsta2T5lj3vK3 zc+NOwyFO8/2xaBtzhO2ieVLzF5sWQwwDqCi0TFaB6vTjx8hpk0CuBpVlE/q1wpJKgSnul0WTJrE PWv3ybGMLVjFIwso589iTdoDyuvQtG3xl9DNKvpx7VTz+gogdacduC+013CJIbPWjKU11wkqbftp hVYt0F4CivLa4k7DfPZW2Xhbjd7XXAiubK6jMaaTp4i8DPxfohXHOeMiTEQoepMzCAMOI5Vag29k QdU51fXRhkM4hraimtbi6xM4nMlAGazy17BrjcftjSsqWuiSnFOss+CWN9u21632QNHbX+rh9B7T h8At3KqAVv0SUbJ8pZ/huZ0mdZM+pbdZWXlWNb0sdWYOfKsVfpNAHvhDNEUWpAUMo0hmZRFY0A0T fQNJYuYxl+MU73v/tiXAngRRYbO7JEZYBPTUTTHZGclQrdF78J9R3wSxSBP8lFMZt9QyQSnuaf7L uXwC6P2lpVOqRB+2KDLYPzyHr+nEF7hKMlGk9X9PqZRRdnrKS1qr2Uolj48v2tyFvU8MfIUDnIOk GodBPKODQ4H2cQlP5ON1LIGIxmFmIhapPB0VhWxJaS2tbo0JpHb2CrrIaICF+IvkQT1Z6RssfSnX Q6RBD9NNeNQqI7cpwFKst+5Lft7pUiB7lGXA7xGpxmpQjmZy8Vril8vDD4IbD6wHcuPP5vR+U1FJ 50Cyl0Uc/eVct4+L2SgIEmS3y76vasmtkhPmvt3Bw9oMf/nFuoAaUjoRCy5g9MYiUyl5b84ydVe+ cxh9emfdJCvdmw6/Wc5dvbeDcH46ytz2IG9yas0KAmOHGAHeHQVKFZ1Sp6t3WkgDxGdo5/EW17l2 REaWGFrCSS8YNQedWZkTjY5IpurQF4kUok/H6f8HvleblA9oWwic3k+In/WWQQ6jSnDDlC9E8Gl+ k+QfAgwSkp/xWftVl9UoKYN/A83/oB+81b0ZRKzV2zKr3Q5flM7Ulm4GqdEgbHwGrsWY8869BSo7 NdWfDisuKj/w8vroktDbmn5KoNwQNSdGxYnyKKzUUN0DRQa3NP0WAgMMvQoZrjdYpRyK1wDRZNJU 8Xl4g/2fcuo5XdtGXN4NQdx/2zd43cw3Obnj1cqB6wTR/D+J5JeCrx6y/gFz6XQe91iqZ5PwrrhK 2YWrF3SxyyRc6zPhkks1AIQRkuN8wHeB45qRlfbbRUS51N1ArGtrCJvDLWfwlGvy2Y2NkMaiblau rZUz/DtJ/WAPiWDw8IvWzUrxx8R53pnSw1OXgAWVLC+PplVV7yi4VDezRFIJdQ/q6sP55F+RO2U2 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 36] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 3gUAMgTYn3m60daAxaXcWAx0xD+fdOfIpl2tPqNExHk6tDujoX15bZ+9WPYl3fUE7XQGwzUjZWUR hDdsQ6JWuyo62CD2UFIVbXUdYcTNgTevgvmHrFLmEY7Zgs0J26ogZ3PTehHxvLM96SZaeRz1ONKx Pfjbp1Wo7M7S58gZnPZjBrja+96ABJZI5/cDHOqcq77DyhzVHadsIZk+AxiLpNezd4OLBYybJaGt v3cuzwl2lT4gPkJN71DotJ5cFGOKdtjDQRJG+9r4kme9QkEr+QmzjaWDeh04GO1tAyFtJNsVyxe9 pHO9N7TK11lrJJ5H5msauwzhfo7wzgQH/apLgGzAhAZbngv10qoqdRGshly6XSC/Z/kHGR9HZcYT xAglPxokRgXIk+h45eac+eTOsNSrEeXR6fV0F/IcHU70D3E2v7dPjAXFRDaHEeKWUU/FJDtmG1+M Dk31W/4+bEArY7ifizhghvQed1+xjOrnnJp7CQnSJsZTp2euGJJghh9T1dkn9V+1+/MYOdo/uqZS d04wZvxd2hm6ASrLTE3TcbZyKIi0y9JHARssRxGN+9kEGzd4ZIhqLyc997m/v6b3TOuPMIM7BHjT OaA0TbBsCcEPPgGCHMucUDW5+Zs9u6394TjdUeAGAnZOfGlbVm1rbDmtDHsLG2Dw8pt51NXyZvcx QfSY9wqsEivp89TGx2l/20MnllWAB1cupDmgLVJhqSjU7NnmITgI2hVdCvC6F3b3g5ngib3LsgHP C09F1KxMqkOwTQG7Sp2ZXEYqvUBOcxDhausFCWe5ClE3pM2n3bTyglPwzl250ApJwRFUMrFKzvm6 ndlkNalR8ref9zlg320toFN5QnbuvLz2o8Yu9H/FFpj3PIHZ3rx0UXENfkSj54ZDtQUhZx/a8aWh DeceOHD/0GMmZjRrxvMzZrNTx4N8vtwPlS/8mgGoneJDTQrZuGefZ5CFcLao571Ldptlr9GpO6oj J0Y5omQHtQRRYDWEtMsP04sJBHL9OLonB6P1AnQJehDg+cjmo4ijwZDnzt++SGyXBXGCrOfAFQQ3 9QzG6zVKCkAddmCUSmId28ID8RMGa7EisHTYr/i9iF3+4FHkC6gy4M2XrUg0Ik5fTL06pRwp6Z/4 isH4c+2q+VHE9MGw+4WrX97aLBx2I6br2J/SHG3Aud1blUvlHWpotGuQpzqDEOZHWCon/6p6h2nu n4ZuIXPZ8MmNZtxEFxxPy8WGE8z/MHH8Kt5GXrbtnbfVw0RLq1Go//RPaC/xBXDz1OsCtwPCMoPM NudsJCVn990V3qXT5PQFnvMCtSF1KWSRGqy7B8/h0BHrYBW6f5XavEsy55vYKb8WmjrLr6YMa1ZI QuMbEVy61suYanUFEnFL1gGMY7MHphmHu0hFU63XM0AA1a0DIzLEdoBkIIsypy7WRQw7sIPQfVUC qhVB9EXuT8Ia93Oc6n/k931rh8nVGiMJFEU8z34ItReehzCdU33Ri01MS9l+Vr4VDpxC6kZRSrxR yMPSNtbBIHg0WHQLqSOeUG9v7b+Qn+0M1bSUj7IckvLesv0QDfqfbcP8dGuG/i50ORw4xdd8TAvr wuyIedpO2Hq+Phxh26nOh9ir1LauXG9+dE4FbwDZvnYXv7uhgdc5nA9lLdGlMMAuevKwVEx1awPP mnuyca3zK06Qaqu+oddKnTGUoTB8rAIOntLMdb+54s3IyvMTiCHg3rutuCThWT5ZZ3ub5p5G++W9 2R4qcXL86XFrBDGNzQkKPOskN0PKHaTGGyfuvVE8U9PHoOoH21dL6wfm+ph1/Kmcr+L3qtK1ZuII Hr/jPhDPWv8Ulzrojug3oLo7iNfM4o2EFcMdhS5vpBkl9h6VarlbqFP4AicvqkwQKNs+vXA+jlLZ /KK7tXtD7mR7icWCi15meI4kbRK2jsV+LeOIocS/+7yOIot9lufbGKETFzhwdZryMt192XIVrz+5 IaAuxkN4eHzebMaY039EAvq7LX3dva4NpqvpuW+/o7IGKiYTdKVJt5DPFcUtFC0L3d/FTTfOyxtc FOQJJqUTQFUbfHPny3XYNM6pg4bunG+VA6CXEiiXhhh1810s2+Rn/AEaa4VRxLldPgbQlR9J1Os1 ZNFtPToL4uJXCmirv3X6Vr/5/cgHwpJDziuu1Qp2gfkbCVklf+o+8oO2O3q3VvqGJkBpLoPLvN6Q wXNuJMHtET/o8pIJzbpdgoyCnXmY9XrTp74/rWIovVwrZw5KHAU8pOlEZR1ib8ntgMrujCYiechw msCHjqAfs9TYWvDCuec2qiEnGcpyECGahxxRUHPqOJ/m3ezPdfdhe4jUn8mfe83kFT5l8CRHR53S pP81ZMo1B4WmF5qwBYVz9NTgoJWXTrJjNVgS7UIswz8KePdczUYa9YABTyix4e0HQfytNkF9d3Rh IfExf0SPYG1GSOz3yH5ylJ9zM5IR5T3m3lLRNjw7CihRuCBcYrYPilbXmeMSNazE3/JWY1U0ifQI ySzEF2YvDrQ3hBf2/ZivznIiXr4gOsG1mHI6IjEhyKxmWbqlDLBoySBcDwUEQ8dZxPSh+mXO8we8 thXMS30WUSJZLnznT1g+EUHXhLjNLoqs48is1tBcVserwTOL/9rpfxfc0P8bHxm9S7qDCy8JlQal 2I/E3h4NYzxBa8PwwijgS9pEpXJ718+okJhmfNgdSQKOKTLCIVGCSrQ3xM9540Idkg5uQy3ZP8Aj gwdKSu19GS8H5YGWaUt6SBdZ7bowSvT99AiRvKkcovbRHJGWMpP+pkbgCWlm8f+GhEehZmaeT5XK IBeXYudit6e5IKKy/ezVa4KNJt5wHfL8RS0zhH0mT2YaJV6nrFVsjZitU1RpdnyX7TdQv8PJy8w4 PIKHtrrf8Atnf7To7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQoRGCAmzsRLBmkMvElkAAAFAQTb2L41RQ49 CLYTRjCR3FbYIzms37f3o1ptQR+1U81CfpQvNcb//KHml69Lu9v2Yg6xX7y/7TULSrPqS7RVEtP2 zKdDiYeV3tn/vARkT4ST/UoqesLyyPO4oEqgh9V4DG+KYT2Kl7Ezd0+XkVxjGk5aUUtIkFQMKEMZ xYcTGJaSAqMSO4z0ciL2EGA8xrXw3Ff2wp5Wlrm6+lkYU5Agqkbml1iW08tFnDrni0SSpiTEGpO9 hVoVwS/wBH2H5c/FJKX6oD95Mo+EExk9h3VAu7I5k3M4YpjqQyPgEBRokEqP4qXARrVeJhX5+82w alnyVse9GKz6EwMJlzmHbKG5qV591GS2Mk4I9Qv7FCSwB3OacrgD7DcZlWbUy7pk6I6WS3hw5Svt FWhC2GLr0ILmM4mdYxCPCSzCuYGHcqA3Z7c9p5YH84J4p5m8EcVvR1eFfFrBxL/g4ThiAzoRV5F4 MTbjhEJeFD2eYb2H5hz84ARhsZbOU3O5Oafboi7qJWPjh1+UWqM7RgG1YFhjHAVqc0Zp+HfpdqDR s4KWAqtfxwGocj4iKaE6lXe5dFnkeSc4hJ+RqKK6WiAtCFD9FIUpeQMcVzpHkb8vOZyRFDVHRaJs pmElzCHrHG1BhkT5JGgKZCxOZ15NR8yTyMkPeH2p/C6bqmXXRIdWDCv7cAaz56HQupWu6Kp3EJxY Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 37] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 ssXF7F5BNzxARQxCkkTVIYw1ZSuC9w+oByXroTjNk45ygWureHetxl1gpRMNo4gCQjMiyGooExzF sok1o1ERCymGdsLtEInZsE8biLz157rluzbHNyUlLHfiSINs+IJSdS831VArE4uRmM4fkR+Rcqon LMbiFmt0e2yEJpcpR4VP2MNo0iNB2pOtZzZKg7k4ETTe1yaJY0UMILKWbFelGMzK9jtQaSInc4dz jDP1dK6BVlWS6LpJiVOfwIBICUc4mlEbAldQPD14oWgsUU2phibKJojc2gW81zclOiom1HxkvETc mXrmUU0f1nKy0UYx5zaqeb8fgRM918EMM7VgkBr04hRGiaIu8BYiKgVP1CAyFK3yUzaGYWuKG4dK Ap6egUW2M1GHshxkg2p5vGxekjPxyzothjzVwKe18wONcUvUIXf1REfeyz6TtQnksR0HiEkjd4n/ 9icHKjiXV3P9aIBrdhtqe4NKNpFRWR5gYw9RJ0A7CK3lhlSN1VFgCnpG4h4rcqaLxoExc63n/ERg qRmBNAqCA2Q1Wy7qpD++CaFWQM9StWOyk5Glc1mc6h/108NyxQayUApvNJd+4T2r11NXN2RRQ0Hz RmXnpcP+iZLUaATrsWHl08asAXVk2iCYxUToUUgGgGvF4KRi3LKb6ATb6jjeAXxucZ3icMFQU6op qFcahrh53J1IfCDt1QwicCFmsiyzenV8RbwXC5BCtpEAGVrBbAFDAcUbal1bpZnadaqJwXf4GM/9 q4sqZLhN061+RnfSIkL4NnnSaMNol19Zanl/mXy8875fs4OxgyjAQyaoaFegYxxLOhznaoYuLMCo YkbD+ZG+KHqtZEpr2AIwyKhg6qvWpHLTkSZzGJs1CG9UN7Y6JH0dEZDSNRUVGpSgLCUqiEmACzeq 4xNxx86B9hnQUwfT8adgd7BsMiAeOQJP+rEVOVCO0I3Eeqhed23gESEmZU+h3Iqy+rzLPxFXFP2A TXOMXeI7bJKo9JzOZcmXJOdx8cLM2AYYaAwAAAAsIiEGo/PqZYuDJN92aUWB9Pb+3j4Vuwtnx1IC VdL3hoII11YFAmkMvEkCGwwAAAAAL9IQqe+qG46BO7XPa39YGNyGCtstrKmequPJkubdiezXOek7 G28PnZxczBJPe8YUU2xXcSu8Zbff3rtdSl7WPa9j9CNGmLz8A1JhgQLPZb4usYtIbTQkCcysWrRt SAdGa2oJb7dSOQbDrBIxnoFyzZmcnklpkPRFAPa+MjrnICMH8+5kfe6XfRbln/wCMPhtF0t67xBI dDYO9YGGEKHkJfwWSLFUFUrOlcamrh5g1BlRyuJg2qhegWGjil+e7nTqdtBz45U8AOiPR2ySCtQQ rpeTFSar5/a7HGRB/A7kkMhz1gM4U/uYGgQiJB2JvbucoQfLLdcxULyx5fsiOLpkR1je6f4P9Xsl s8VdSNWHr2vpCF6IATFuA8Pgdv/dhezUVhFRqgtJ1Jf/UoCZzLSjXpa20O6k8JpdR7NuU0VYIlUZ 3k1qk2fh00YErl72UkKsa7UVcEpulcMw53hy29mfKEXhPYyvL+96ThUJ6pF6mMCUIUt4b84FhkoH qpM3duYULDbyWnLAszV72SDPkiX58EO3VkVrw+kajJuqqGhUgfV4PDecK2LLt3kzZU4DYT7WxSyz fPJdxRfNFcPiFEjrCQNE2t6B44F4BvghCbIEdBo01/qYa+NEjo/+lpJitSu8sAQi68Cc8uxsRPFr DBqNpSWfG3/2bTL9Or5nxuaapJi5Cma4WDrA46E7eoBgjXA5ImG+EnhGgA/GoWVtyDkjTLNYdS/2 gmtBolKIxhZE3hKYUv0S1rGWd/zKiekaZL5Ph/72RoEcKPPyFZ/nKiHfAS/5OufYO3TIRxWozRbL Zos52N0oB0R6XDL/v+aFOuHzws3ES1KY7bV6+V1plpuNB0PEwCc0bYldSDaIHEy1EYB0scI8K3xi nXoggQUSXDYk9QXJ3xlI6sAlAbOyrzKQW/HfEbBnRaPtm9xORlL197p6Y887DpQngz7W54Kr6E2M DENfwDOcOA2pFC/Nyf3jqSt7/Bhp/R0OunaGDNzfGCLa1yQAuXtQafvfeZSaulKdxYtWGy5qYzq8 +iFqTuSKaTx9wqcp8fV1VMT+jZyeVWdF3X7dtFCPUIGhaYMAGWF+3+qeU794IkKTqnGkN2bYEKBa 8YPcI7bXnGn2NgxOOLtH4p3Or+yrI8F+k4wwjTwcTO0AXWM0TDhP1btfLkh5QyAZIbdJi1mNys+9 bLwx/t3gpMUMwPLHj8XDfPNXjFiSeRH5svoErQhQIaAuTFWzOnBzILNfE8fKnQcyewPahXQILlaw 07C25l+38QQx5IhHosWQBeR5OXsKxsb3Qz+j1L/SnyC1r2iiNh2v5206RCTfS9eRcQlfuc7KNVrA r2oPWif8k1x3XH8uK2q+0ycdQoNCQ52YFtjR82NYDjKfIKrm5mXlWUN0tauIvdikHo1kLT64Y4eT 9zfcYYMTEMrZlXoUBXZByKK2cIdM20Te8z/UFRIyKBgCjsveRPISboMMOejEe9DWH4S5fex6bppC 6qf5++dcMr0qsLtNj1CePEPjmVl+ybJxaVCiy35boLaERztn7G5u+10SoWQWOicaDXMyD5+QgUk2 BUr67UyBtQBqQkX9aqbUBDlzuq3lcvT0OruJ34+2vXGB+bezjMYnw90gRufq3SGBRKg4n1qQc8XR StCAPq4oQ5euIE4SnQx9+bsFbQyPiuVy1Vgs0WSPgzCWSIYYcUmiIVHzXtWeEg7Pc9NyuVTJxTGE OTG+VSHeNFknk8tpUCrHiu0hjlAEG3Zk9yMzoAIsWYuYw8p+Kyzqa5Qs4PjUmNKsvTHmeSjR/LUy YwDRHomBDnCfYbw0yGFOLsH38cjDXeNKavibLXthSFN7vmaUBY527wS1RXhSNAaJw60kJIKOKqf3 PytS252ZhfFLjTZohvZSVLSp77Sx9/P+6+1mSCYgOPv+y46Y5O9tyNqM4sRIPgpnCpzxkewcOoI0 6b9JzH6SxHwohU9gyHZCmB2dbkDflVkPuR4eqUo0KlRAwoD20yXu0vvp5invTYSftUJXW72Dzhv3 INSKs5Ivvaa+KufIrn+luQVwFsMYPEXUzEpbBSXF4QkmxC4VxVQhCNP7urUYDiLQguS3M+cJCItw kLOZx9hj10BkPRVJk2h7tcjBaoSiaLheOK/5gpaVKcBBI7lYqO8A3MCi3sAz5AlwQgphzeUniec/ bZOaiVATNDX4DNR6kf8lEVj6dm2KSktR/YZvHz9AXJdUGYMBcZFGURhlXaHCEcL2k4fYqbe75fWd S5+vES+wBUyo9fkupOUjqiUrv5WjXbZNKeYQGKKWun/I7NnFQ+mHapgYFbBDyWGMg05z8To/wCXa U+MKdGBn5/XLaVNQu9MnOfqfYsZikc04e/s5msZy2bKer2bbrHAbHgKw3giD2Ww/6lWOa6pgt4Ws 9curJkROozPI2IvF1OxdxGrFogyGqNCm+QCpjiovrLk5uHziRvDgss8yl+0xj5F3cVjUTUpB1l3D taVBTAJItN6sYTCZjmqMgqaJOI4DLsB4BJJDC64uaxksqYYh6Oy2SmqggPocCcakXf+r4y3y9EuO Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 38] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 hWsWRjzuyqeTfCnEl/wIeI7ZUmDt6MqlrNZNgz2qa3FzEKsbd3HzfMQQM+NeqFfg7Ac7HdMcMe6M f6frC3LDydONCVxn1HgLc+Z4+Oke6ya99e2l/veCQ7GqoW/KiwGIT1Sx0OvFL5N0ZPO/DjTFbI3E cTbONqFxUuYL8NX19O3Qi+MHp3Vm8CfkaY0PEuqeh76afJeIroiPzY8+5bl49BqfMTDuf11swsJf DwVDvQt8NUYhT0UY9SY13XfNZ9ZBHLNkGbMi20/+4sOrxi9ZRj1Ie/hZ8IyPwJcWCu8ioglw49sn yTnbpEadJuJBxMDABV4ktoRszk2+9Y+/jIAh1wc8Hmx1M/6Fww0B5rawplwO/oTA8b5N9nz4725k /MuY9QiHda8Uw8PhDUBvkTLRhNWcpKaHvuDLNoL/Ogr5Vd8AGTxv3nARqM5yQjFkQ+sT0m/M96Ax HHgD3VXv+aQzyvvabAOMmWsQgxKsFLhax9Sc3B9hTkJShSU4m7JniI9ISD1V/8BdUxVwHY2L/QxB 2l27TlgKViqCasznfWkRWpfB25RZ+UiMDHEjBn2sTr5rBI3pGqemDNe+1XzOgyMna1Lff9dTVnLP mJyhMxIcj9EMW2QWqOmo8oJPK55R6yRWtNSLLGWki54XVII2w0JF/DioIlgFax9/GknZdxf9S5+v uw9koBCkaWl/6lRBcubmLyO7pHcYzF4dDA721P3iZeB0u9D7tkS6c1oK0W+Ys/CkNdP+G0C+tDCG ZdY3SA0AowMwQ6pVU8zAF8d7tr61xB+dR/gtV0GmvrWA3VMXoZsh5zPfkcWrD1VLAK/pD4vLitkn 8xdns0cmA3ryHNEginaSz0TLxriErIyyoueAyYuLC0mbZR837AbJ5V6nn5EoT8g2HLpEPb4X7MFj rZYXUj2aUp9vEeICEztIHZw3dZISWJDacCiM0wZi+vp++FTAS9MBu0SvYMyz/hZYUWTdYU8GKmCZ vOr+Z2BwNR2/CsRgzwuRRkM1NgIK+dCZ4Ge2rFpooRzwhaGLj8qEWdkMnlp8YCmvNR9H/T0uXnA4 +cVcvOkzdIcThwhWq7pypEbQ+GPtEJK/Pvy2W2E+DvkXWIbgHfaS3qku6YljzGF8fheAEzrDUwOb 26BcLnOjQz79QJlfswl3SIrNAjSnjKgyW9So3IkQhQW7dLSEzGhUt1NhtOEK3gIzRphYbvLXQUW4 EDg+q2z9fJySLYQ0kD1PegFKd4Ug0DCurXPzwAce05+lSpWnz69YqduYlo4kTLlBRILRxtReAgL5 2p41ScpRc6nfFDMHz5WEb1mfkzRajJDxCS+/2hC0rZinlOT0ga5gmXCCzuP11z/ZH0CgBvZZWOPT sNP32aICUmnRqRRGpu/ThVmtgUTKYTSuWS3R2e/J3ar5yceD6qAI63CMWjwkthpFQJu86n4009Oa YOYTYBNdYZ7z35Imkre0+E9hqPsLn9rnYGawpk0c0LUQZXqXm29P6urwZ2ECprCVTeTr+WlemjWg 7su7gYAmHdiqV6NlHUuxyiIFBngIn4hYffsQiRuiqD8pilLcCGF96Icm8Yr5Qfw0KZN0GPGjf+Pm 6LBYaL7gaygPWznetEEn1lQg1KgnsW3s6uuUuNpYO/HhLzTc5LUacEx0CBfJ6iTOuSS3PhuZOd9Z xu5LW8HIM+bbNRh/uC2m6di2dLu4sSF46h91TdegOGIuM2ZB4zmfczIvVsXNNDC/ucSeUrJoEyiU tanwN9yU4BUd/6Wgm62gIjDzUC8VUJRkU8QCdmh6oZWG+m2ZsC6fWf+cbd1KDicgppLguaMQTuqV vAaFbJMKorP6EuWEiWiEZMsO3RuoF1Uy7GL8Uhp0AYsbozNcqGPDhfIfE47DikFJW6ioyMIcoZ9z uSy6oFXNMXTiePOtbFpCtP7bNlgeGzE2iJvK5/EQPoOiOFFrebTKQ2l55R4gka+/9fcZ8AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgMEhYdHw== =Ntbm -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- A.1.3. Encrypted and Signed Message Here is a signed message "Testing\n" encrypted to the certificate Appendix A.1.2 and signed by the secret key Appendix A.1.1: * A v6 PKESK * A v2 SEIPD The hex-encoded mlkemKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 26da669cc569a460708f96b0e4132488c2f990b931a7fa4e02625f3f4293e7b5. The hex-encoded ecdhKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is b1564c7701bd f47ac5825908aac109cd4fafa0c528beefe73be02248dff8f2665e8e01d38fd17424a f32c8acaabdfe17. The hex-encoded output of multiKeyCombine is ea93bb3825128c37f318018d74867cdb451317ae3fa6b64da0eca7931cd8bd7c. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 39] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 The hex-encoded session key is 0c251def2936896735f8903bf6382d822e6aa3791104b1a2da02e142a10dc38f. -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- wcQuBiEGFq3cvVSeuMQVPJYmtqpNrBet6sT3nFTfy+SquqKKuhtkBGdp8HfVzpwlA1uI28JVuDPa uVZnlqKP5mv6PpBdSFZk6ry/nR5loAd0I2IZNjw0/MSekGFT+qwDRgFYgekam273xpUm85AWJUMG ZhtCa8qNXAPL9KF8eepEiFAKNt51z9XbP0zqXQLuOpyLYm3Q4WCanpJHc5jwdrVOxmF+4p+7pylr hfH5N0oXdksGt7ak8Shdeu2an6d+hcpNIYuDiWVU3G4cBGpFAg1/zmmvD/qqj/p0ns1qiz+4+2QI FakeL8u+YvlF2RdsvBgTZMebwhBgC8MUQZddvUW1BBV6H0JudR9vP5u5LpK2hITuaCmglzV75FqA KGiOIFLS7Sg/WVunaUBlOMuUVIc9Npc8FNPfHtdTIPORoqQQNZyGftbaVtvHj8mc1+W/8HhZWeYP W5qUK2qaWkjwZVGS7f1/GRRexzNEW8cJ8ipaGojt0ZgO2Vlb33i5wHiRVugq32+fX8M0oOaRWQdJ 391HOUjxUKNPeri96NvsK4MPUsqldHte+ET2jOa5tkGUq6SE047YmYIM1eHcRJv0G9i86h6VWCb6 oF8TA352KTFiioQ1S9ymq4V7uXXPnBcaJX6x01XvNkl4yelzyJBXwk+j9/oKPIxtutZKTMibzcV1 0uEN7QWTAthsG8W6BVijWdugn7ZBMJnF38h3wdeKYJyy4ttz78iGDwDoCPuKCeq5o9Pj60oXntEp hx15r/jfHwn9qJ9saiN0gnRkXmhDPK8haSDdJTN48yyy5z5K22QXxjrDVURZMN6qc3Djl5kvxcPf 3Y/sycUz2oIZzTBvRl6YDic9SBw/GWnJdI83lw4AaZKOTGqBQ+LETpgBzkrMT4kkJvo+Y7aRi2V3 rBMHQ6Riqi6FvlxByZ3gACkyvbG33JV97WuGhPvNH+tV0Fa+EQG7YAREhUXoQ7i5Zb4oiVMujMm+ TY+wIJMqsNHwxp3Qa9jh4sPEK9Z29+OGKsvqlaxQ2a/W/EIAlwUZlr2jJa2d/ldQhdp/z7ztF0yL eKzunALdbAOoWVebaKHIcPBd22YDjcJ/Af6kto650Mj36o/n9BfrRUUPWcYhRHIfvnKnK5pmxWwf MY7jBieDVYT9p8WvT/xvSZlArJThLldEYaV3ipkuTwKe9WSukn0NKXDb2CYVclAtqJiF0kvTkzfJ /RcCCTy4MqSK8J7tpunU8qAwlXbV3Ebq1+LQJLxSd8UGbfZJYcc4t6JHgp1ii07qcGh4d+BLGEim pUSaj2SuHYHMf0VNz9KdXvSnh5ZnmTAP70dWHziQFIAgK8IfevnpyjoRvaTE2iLCE/FSM2Ny7Psn QI/JVvlPiq7AEBI0D92C4Dzv2b3dJr7txjtgOQCfSbzGfA2RqCMqi9kpKdKJcjwHZIY2NtvzzIqQ /nXwbSRI8cM/PkK5NrbwOz+u78McC4Hzop53tqD7CdNnCs1TL9ZoxapoYgox8+hH7/ew8lcT8nh1 AxZY128jGLqJOVMdHu3nLvUd1QROepVakqdmrr0Xu8/a0Bijb6OETo9AwrtuzGGY0/Ey+zbQZ1nB qhCg0TXusgnpyejuB6bOwbRHbhOei/oaO9dNKJJmjmDU+nYc/sJYpQ4ceslpMKGWX5xeUxFR9/Xq 971DerXVJrx2vs/SzWoCCQIMjqwt+8+ueXKoQ+0Y661Ue75mIwbbOUR0vEiCB2WKn4FDdeM/mVZ4 9gFVs/g9r8MQRn18dqyA0lqELQhx/MAoukOVXByyTSMZfhO/i4YU1f4/We0cOMqeANU/q68DYBik p9zsEEC9jhytWT3FYMn8FdmoZFuEQYUKblOGaMwsCcTRp27husmCTVArIkCk96glP2AX03iTUSbb +3Ju7dFWfzXEGzpGBFPd2KInkZqCIeuI8YEEKDMXWM6u3UoSl+jI2uXp5Y9tzbBKubTcclU52qX0 idNa/461I6wNbVi/b6cHBooIEvviYzjBAugaD0naBkDtbjNWb3qoHrW7pRF5pBavAf8WWFBOhUFh kvstNbouhGfN8A6+qObCltZfiBExhrjwFr9WqGlTuVTGmSycBIz7TzZT3UKPbzfcROqdbdq/YhmN C55hY9pjTfqonIgyTeF+57tVeOzjuiVpaHDjsbDoyD4Z/12YXMqleA7IXtxBhsrtqaPK+qbMEyjy tygSuZMcudsG8rwNbYKSIjorqwhAKwiNG5wq8mW6FPgRrP5AJ6bgtNjzHdDafnSo/TJEwe6Gx3We 8wS4wY8FADoEnB4Ng1cC1X9K8ILvi49FlYRFoDN+n8Q7zjLQLN8XJyu37rhzy9IyXw9bzzmuLgkU Zr8YurIaQYxphzmgnMwqFyLe37vE9n3ydo802snKFerrPT+kNKTrlzvjJsYPKwuqjD6tiJ85/3vO TdlSTrczbTzuHNcOogLjF4fmxCYhC8kSg3ygC3nqcs8pUTVFoidD/QKr0TGGmMah2ScuLCrPL/OK bB8xpD04QEyv45LXswuGCDwUAysPLQWh60vUBkBMKcdzPxRcmewUrWQraKnZ0NEyzJU+22Ycyc4B Qiv5BVzYqOcFJG6/yuN8GzO9m+eYBYFp6KMr2EFP0d/BxIPGFFn6zizNJZIR/Mvn08OPiWzBR7c3 IqoWDNrtKHvlrGG4qsFzL1J6KBIqxwa/bSWNh89SixQCP3ciJICnWhyzMEUxRBCekQf7aWFUS+8f 4HUAuEDfHe7VVynbMpKBN/ejW9mxs3tkA/ntQC3G+w6hNQnUa/oU7mwL0hgcD0KtWl+VEr30+yLa qB+MSkVsxFTFi0gx5F228cv4hIvjHZoAbG9lEGRB8M0/Hgq35hegXSOhKhOctMqiICd3AqVzLX1b cm3N5jotbpEmjqfzCdDxNX8lCQNuxquhhvU5K6ffWne7/WS4+J19SWTokwPjpWdpIl+5FRObcB8p d1LBMQhU0RFVMQ1ec1+AZtyS9a9Fl6kzCNORagS5h2wYEUiqXTpSVN7aJD/UBcZaiFaGE86qfJ7c ze1x643yJmKgYxruQEuofsExd1X+KDVPLtTXd82PG4MMBZb/+ISLF6d6mPDH/EMP6XeorilH/ZlR QkFxtcAMgnrHfzSTrSMuTLxnnm9fztfCmjt/38VvbNDgAmwPVEVb4X4umAp7aj9/Oze4UTnm5gGD aDStDajqBVh6sZevLh2HdkmaM1hJCGmN0laox4hrtTPKw+nrgTmCDQ6pQO0Dqy5G4GR0K3Ge3bXn Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 40] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 W28Eo8Gd8wmNTW+qf4fIL33XGh8udIH37EsHvNDgz369QMVJLOxbSByEoiCnHyPPCml7PYp9IPJ2 9PwF7LmWZZW28boaxT6Iar2dQ16OZsX7LRR7qjZqCXg2n8IVm4K10IcH3cJK/UtTg8J8uTWOZRzO KFoaeOJNV8EI151O9fdHKOmuEp3faxwENeBdAxwU/sySEJf1yl0cSCTBMcJUzgAmBsLS+L7Ow5M5 c2DTQc5xS7/Q6WqkGzWUvu226pVwdsGn1qoRnAsEEMZz9t/LVeitlG+iD8Ws1oFx3mAOxAGr4xq2 czn0sh7rdGiVle82BLNUN7QOIstEhWcmQ7LJZPTCqsAiMAuAuyZ5rQtrFst2slh11MKNqlFb/jUK Ic66uqaIk/zcjDbFt2TLCLwyq6OECzxD3PsJe8bkq5F8e0HLjLCImBIoVLna8IZh1W2KUZeYlLWs XAOJ8vzYez5ED8BgWf6ZPneyFJVqeDUGuVoGVvS1f5xF+T6UabnQ1d74TIpf0qZPvteXs+0QmzC+ 8EpelfhyWbJmvzV3sEzJLY9i9zC0JcrV2b4S5d+hnNUk8KRu/8+iFLc0E5n80Zecfo77glKU7JmA ntLeUhYR/T8Bxy9X2C4kyd44wHL8D1hc3DEPmetwjhvK09kupkMbovFeXMDoiHmjepDupmvu16b9 LsufKuto5/EIR24Y/PORGXvyC6J/fMliSsK9ijrzJNqT6qOGzKajLWUjF6bmcA00zqrCcIoFo+25 7Bo8+ijpuo9fjdbIs7nrvmRqfSEAXTxu/eUDPL/XxcN+7zKSFcIbYadUxZkXAidsr2h5ZsCGMqSA mO6RiZ1yZ6DsW2/pPPTQoQ3xaeGaXXTdqvz6Itzo9kHtfhsuyMcLJqruY+UaNbSR3VBehAajkVhj 8rLy2x033WWzv7kDerrteX6uNmeNM6G6XF7v93AfPK7xfB3LHr2V8YJyzkr3nsGkMG4binAF9bMa ZdyuQ+Wpu09ZtFKA2YX2b2quKyKcXw0uy9vV5jjNpGl15MmvevfeZLtrJxbGP7oE2Hhxfo9FVkfE CThiRwRu18rg6L7Kyu/uz7IiyYVRIQqKpXaHBGCUz5Z+bgnlEnFNdotep5Kri46IqnF4QZiaV5/w pT5JqJTqRGz5gRbhM6KyDgen/iQJoUbxSNXAOrSOy0DP39I4H4slKk7NlEyWX/ZYyW1InhiJeTtB C/sQPW+NajX+oF1qzXXUaxvIowlGuLor3chgVOn7fdgBjkaIBE1KGwK5wwUj0x9X0csOcJGrRdIi FojgowIcWD4q3BZSxWtDFWICZsrWAEhuvM3qkJ69CFbizZw7B7JkWsFlsEo4oqh9gusWPTWQygFS ZvYFnli+xjbGYbfoZ50/W2vNxrQmsG5t2zxyJf2YRBW3dUczujoJaJWoie2Wd0oJl/ix1LNT7Dt1 t56h2++UFTqZ0mqpdPO0m3TMOu50LU15MKeZeAOxnrWOK0AgfT1iGvW9/Lnb0GqWlCDsyqVhVUCD ZYPBf8of7q2aaDwS545rtFADrTj3OIcx/bBg4TD/XW1nCM+f1PYTYSuO/ctv63Zn2tg4HHsf+TR4 xKsjIpNxcj4p7N+LoDpvWouHNVL0mA9T7wy+OHS/MLYcvJ9ng6MMtYaCYx16GeloPGL6NI56V1zA 7qMwUfI/HvMPxCNWfidmEvhr4gRV5wIbrGBJC5HV/BZ4eEdELlDiJa/kvunVkoHMB0KUKMKDVg8n hm8POqSHKtF+CeE9DryZJcWqhnroXQTa0TbF7nlN7WsGj2OoKyGpMn49w1Jkgy6rX2ZkF9qbeyIx 0c4Sx9Lr2mqdZ7iz5WnadlVuDM+MQArup+4YCmoD5oV/QrO/90LNNdbb6Zk/Nl5pPd5hjwvgVFl/ 1Mh+hTVSxIyBU6Sm57qGLIzIk9VcFjy45Pd4dUe1HThC6ugxlABDDLVhNrlLH9wNmaIKaFV/krlx 7TRKJGU2tZpq1d8/SrB2lzHInhSR6Njy2nq4gvXUBdJ4dPAUB5RCmvWPn5EiNZZIMtgAI9Xahwex NqskvQVPnU+9L27dfzYDYqv+ZOzyi2nNur3/zN0mlmdd49buaTLL4k7ILSL3bWht62lk1qT6/1LQ Ks94rbZE+FLr3LwjU/RvcbI7opvKkZww6cxJpfoIqHpYNDTaBl9Gro47YpbgMGRBqPOFrSCYYNjz rinScZjTkNUT4jNyd0fQ8B/VpN8nOJHy8fhsoRtgZ7/X1OU3iFy8jdojtcWSKuqsZHFG8EH4AKHy 779LTC2aJsGt0B66pYpnwkcNBsECxSqMffeDDQ8sy28YHJtsgMQgXJNgkbGmc07MfoupN0S9WFsQ 1B9t+AyoZi5mbVm9G+Uw18PM/GnZhtGXVu1C7dV8O6OGPtnBz6I2M4Cx4RG+56vcJf6YpbNMNMV+ wtVCgLUWFTN/J79IeBbajmD4FC+b5O32e0s36X04HzryZcB4hI9WNzFhTwGX5aUj/HgkEx4mUfrt RmDn1/wm95GyMyMoudck/OiOS1YlHkbDTgS43oK0MCKUE+WJ4KaHjNwJwSgAn3C4JlPVv5oJrkUD e5gc48DkiVfi50W7OQHMnHkjk/dkF23skzIVWZOm3VyOI1L3Yc8R7SjT8qTdCFO4/tuOd870FuWb qNfIUzj0OmPs0o26owmbVgdLDqiYq+exSmPQTqpcPpZL8krOC8EcGB8m1lTzsjbrY3cKfDz1L916 wwLNrsL6UL+4nhMUqp2H2zyQ03bbKpfDbf34971KGWkf9ndkcVKfL2H3OeYGonKSBiademBt+2BO LLvUAcmEoTmDuSVTmCeswXQ4+kVzsLLDOwB28m5p92CpuL5/JiyG60TpMtYh+c2oAaHW3Z6d9qXi UGWLjMTjLDrDEun5AN6BOz9k7Ffzw3lGbsC2zQWQfukNCQOLutekbYVeFKIFZse9we8b3duOHq9E 1kkvdTECDEUT0a7EXb0pWkDMbLnWfBtDG9FHg/9RnWSwnxkIeW3X4mZN9s7mUhD//NOoB7bcmaHc GRhPwCoH1TjQ3AmN7hBaCHGlidKpEC8N1+Du5gUCbY5qABN+wVerwr8x+ehWCs6Grrw7s6dseQfU vD/Pmq4hz1RKD8IZD6bx/DMLKuSX9c2EvsFqU33m889e/bdDhSfJ3gkT+YOjXvUVM0Cpoe3MlMn1 AJmqL8x6P8yrgXPGiZbJhcPhXtQYd/uWQqI5aQTqi3MpSX3oQRiFrqPLkt4KB8wajg== =rYR7 -----END PGP MESSAGE----- Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 41] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 A.2. Sample ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-NIST-P-521 with ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-NIST-P-521 Data A.2.1. Transferable Secret Key Here is a Transferable Secret Key consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-NIST-P-521 Private-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-NIST-P-521 Private-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature The primary key has the fingerprint e3674a3dcbfc35fcc24b1cd7f55213a3866d17b6081c3ad5933af3d78e8c8bce. The subkey has the fingerprint c22c679c40289df8111fda26f1cc8eca6c08dcbc8e20ceaac7e6b7ddd3b040bb. -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcpSBmkMvI5pAAAKpQQAr7DfPn+qcN72FNIpGrmh0CepgsNYCViDHCiLqdzrUnrOdD7F6M4QB6Vz HiU1YcQlVAe5ErRBZwVovrqBfuJEIQYBh0U72+2WuZg/tswDR6xi6MZViceA203gCfKoCehFZvU4 910roQMN+2ewIPiJIbkw4Ly9EZ95RGx9G50pj7AUgxOk3Z0XJoAMvx2v6xu0QzkoAIB+NhXq6HOL 29o5G8fkKsHhi5hKn1kf/qUA2ZK5X9TWeqWx9mIfR56RbDWxL4h1IXjduWfMkJUN9MEF8+vEvU87 WYb8NZX78X30RfCgYPogjya/b5/K2Hx9vbBeIUhnGhqq6tMDeX+RTeP7o7HyoPkhzuYOWTmvM04X U0nZG+N5upt2GNsiixUhCs0dlFqAI1BDHdl6ebXlkydGqZqNJOcZuJWwIgurdiiTmOKqEOCLw6ie y/TfodjwtuHjAFAIC3XRkEMSTIZD9r7pafJbj9g+aLB+N+V66xYYuXefsZAM0jo2yOtVqVQxFEJe VoyGhE2Z50Qy8yHKtNo5XAbaMBl7EifCzmNn7o78RiymdzEsABLp6w0KTIx+CKHUD4qCulzVnJys AFmiqImRZcZwzLdlwnKaHmzmW8PES2WrAymkEodouy1BrLRE9/7E0m/peInbmwftrH0zdPuaOjWz nE8TIUVn5waXgfKZFPNhPzYasDhevSXEob0n/MK5+M4M8ZKpj6bpWfiC3SjqFV3Bs/H1pEODFsN6 Hhmi1TctHevcBbnm9gShG/y8cSeoy1RYQiOZ0hB4botq9lDj0vxPhRhTVubcNXWOb8baXBaIDG/y D8BRtborEl5vpPmvoJsXHMM7TQy1nTOuu3sHYLwJ6xVkDyZp4nR2a+t8v8Eoi2onzaedOCVMbYAc FbJfvSAzSm72OH1UI0RkRWhCkXIHnMUNuRfq+QS8rOF2PRbESrX5DDDQaxZL7A1U9vldAJEf1bDD 74linqORNKOzaimOM//KxxLx0WU716L/IqzpAyXHh87Z4UR5nsyfi/UoWN4Qpv4/zIG48ZLob9K8 +n7/9fkx6szPCtSXGduEwfFfA+VeIZoSlSCL9DDGH5rq37ARYmAEKJiLX44R/r9cXBun42AB2ydv zIoRyq+tP/7+C5jaHrS0E0KkAZnLdQHAMQJkhZuQ3qjyXJ+14XVr8aH7Bepg6yep1vQWXcLlM3Ik VprEwrJiD8QSEz+/a48SL75BukkqLBRmq5iG9yzWfU0mulH+1pflO0L4Vdb/q5KLiAAmteSAs72/ 7VpywqTCGSj0OJAS0+ni3spgbN1PxlFGPIDFmLFY6eQ/j/v4K+CtmNsqsyrkIlc9B95dNZDh25jh SBwLM+mblI0q0Y4eHILnhsX6Meid8U4ZLiF4uswVs10/li4tfwycW1jXgiG54WV/AAdl4B/ywZlZ SOrXj85USirkFv8KKDmQPl64Hf7DxeDCrVbIjCjWLkZwLgH2PfhUGvk3G/YxBCZzped3tL8dAdZg AX8zjsLLlOxaKnQceyehUGbgwonx5p0XWV64nheLGSTJnZreAq30pdiEPFQ3DSM4rCrv7Q4OXyay Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 42] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 8ZEaLMYRE/LdnNtncyte39Vj7NrvM7J6Wr2umN89Lnm9pWDmPVeaW1o6K/rdATqJLLmK6CAk2ODT AKFNx5f93Ne9xMVMxnWcoIP7bLWBbuu6YBifBzLsFdzIjsg0ApZCU2xS0W2yK4UiE/qdFzyXZptm 1YddIY6/nqUaKYxFNcLOV8WImf592wb5Z+lhl4U1BG7cnHqkzpecr0AKBUq0Zsw7M+pbCGyTfjaf 5hHpAXj0Nt2d85L5r2NxmOlHG07bkQEW0z8DRUD3ieX/6JUNpXHZ1Ax9OQ3FXhHYwQ1r8wkBWv2j DMbXmQrvOkCIUcsTNA1Vh9u8MSP8prbeZ8jo6mJWrtQSCbHIGLLz6mnM4FJHdmzr0ZGhon3fderS H1nnhhGJLZ0/F1QpHUOJo15UYMqy1mpj0jY8f/hezPIbwGtL6tBlH29zgzvmACmUsDycflshX9qQ M99OF/2u30iKhen+2U2DWd9RLxaraJmmQsLSG7CUkH0hZbZIa8KsbI6JLgJ2v0NAFm548em793D/ RCDlFJ4HRjd88t+PB83duUrDg0ACwkbESX9bCs671/CBj/HrrHUHse/Z/Is9alu1CNX3rxRt2GMa vJDqnb8w7Z+NiUotjMVFXWJv9QvCLv44Sg+6AASB823C1JLocH4S/9xxIPAqIFlAFpc0SSR3AMzV aTlbVxIsk1BkFpMF9f34MHox9JSIHebW3RMlMa7PM8M6NEqs8gJesGBXgwZ4XUtpEK/YdhWtLd91 4Hu2s345McmWb+IYDF+NU7RC3t35eGuyoYql13lnbX3jXf4cdx6K+Bo2rbC9II6i6Up4Q893VCGa sU28Q3zjhB0aMs0w/SFOyFrkzn3pY32XA3Z3HC/F3D3/wK8flZBRgPbIGU+KokWG6dYdVKVGhsnN aD2MKx25e58jNv0EDlRTptd8ml10M3Zg71tKJAqHH0SVS3oXqv4a+a/KDygtVUfcl/MuF8hqDFmT 6lvc+UWzDDaHLbb3rQPWSM3prkzBl3Sz7ZpfdLwztAxlFMyY1F3OygDigN5zjcYS8VjS8XLwaV0Y SsMQe22yyeOQKpVMbpmm0gj49S1H/M1J6BLqqbF96hAnP/giiNTL4gfLhIPYONPzeImVb+fSkowR BNjLvpkJ615ARP8vWVdA+4tAWdYjDclS93ChY/oDVhdg9gJj96Ly4ZcC8DmlO0OCvosWFOePHdvH Xfob8molu5lpCmKwIGQUwrJR7EsCj+WHVspa6iDEYi6Pg+DgAS6s4n5MuM2TyJAScxbKF/Zjq3kE ydsoIzCKgBfsEV/3SVBo5U49n7R7U6ULh+O6V4GweaM3r8UVhBCcBZoDkXbMpIGv0J/8H6EFoaWx PsWCTc6cEFY4oJ0qTyStbY+3aYNPlCjrH59oEM2Ig0wS5MRZK6necig6dILXlsejRuCTXB/bR9r/ 5hr5hSYDF3xD5SalEXmOUBK8Z7xq7B7xtRLsBElBClGpdW9lMp9GQChLijgPwb22/TQFFWrbgz8b gMHaOWRJhbCLWD1Pqq/jZmw0h4fDLFJKw7oq5D34FxLAyWioScJXcChgxqVFcZkF+Q4fdksgcyFf jC3kJVA1WJeCBGQ2TskJ0XLcl7FT2rqD+dlmhPDR+3fACe7tjM8kTOeTCSvkQ6xGowWmAzCMuRl6 QTDcsCn+UFtCANZdL3ldF/D9+zbCAyS8jlhv/sMhEZbAoUPH/GEjBQnDvaa+yIDc6GvN/a7JP4KF HDll6EzX+Tn8SRk8u3mw/lA26aX+xa3nE9oHvmkgnWvaTXV+fb2Dv2ASeMRfFS3l5N3+9mcOGpFU ebKaxuWqjNgrFKoSwnt7MhIyYQniQcbAk6HtMMcm6mvFNxL2VEv7QFJmHhfAiMCPmukHlPmn3s9f e144HpCqfm+bnivz/vc3km6LmwkwOLdjWATZw/2iHSs/RuqYNPRZUscndooEldN+WIH2KvQgQe6A VmfUJm3RsEdpF7aCmdsRc/4ntdSzRBehVV4cKmceMAY0EbL5jVrNAtSJ2LG4c9KvjVSIrzdi890S Aw4AAJPfhzCjkDGkEHdJpJLjvkYxSLo63s5mDD/m2bTEPdLzJnrLe30Qst82wqxHKmZIjuCaTpC6 R1oLxXsJCHdM6zgbpsIvctsR36HL/NOu/6kB/9OmPmUPvDrVDoP90WlYcAfC0kwGH2kOAAAARiIh BuNnSj3L/DX8wksc1/VSE6OGbRe2CBw61ZM689eOjIvOBQJpDLyOAh4JBycJAggCBwICGwMECwkI BwYVCAkKDA4CFgAAAAAAgaUgkHQs9j7p28YnMeX/OMP5VvqYB4IM+bFN7Ma7ewDYwYsB+n6u5rOX tyIBmVDfSKffq5ygX18Nys8Q6HblgVqliT8i/csaaIAqamsV37YyfIKtFX3pPCTE0bsGEPNLSbZm kHABdWY7ZL/S8HlxgSN47S89MXcIje9H95t8Ykysrtqxe73XSOkDCnmcCJzlgcRdkfV+EZEZJkkA S4OQ4Run7A536ABnxlywyQircvczaCmNALq1KU9N3nAL3NF0yMftkQPABOeUDOJ3qIhEKy4HJfjJ wb83vU9zqonKe0tJ7PDDacXrLISsrJ0/NhPAS7Cp8EktqHOHa8iuo2NB6LXFg/SQrJ2gS0VwdXwN hCAxDJw3x8GURP3/UAfgd+ThlRyTk8xUOpymO4BlGxLfc0VYugzm7RROmA2dJbMETVhIUI1ZGJ1l kObARgWluNZUXwbZourQ0kZNpCjcAavXdDTP7F8wtUHeMFMdGY3P5isSdf9HaT1amy63BnRLuUtn uDea0v35tjO2HbKt0zbFSZ+RvyhPjT1NyAR7qO/SZ4NKoPuSvVz5A4Y7aiuL07mamknfXqrQ4l47 J6sXIR8kVHFcBfWAzNNz763aNS3EFJ7IDMlX7iCjLlrtKh5xF5BAkPwTmlDGp4w16TSgo9suX58g JmxyWxvHpgvYsw9toUkuqFGBd3p6DI57FamUoDo9SYdPLq8wBf5wQBQaCw6MLiDsSr68uV0KmLEJ 46PEtp9AS2EfJqYejfa3yQJGcOhws+6IdQ11/x2Bu1kF4JRa3toeAy+qVbL/xNhB2biYep/DCeGH iY9dlFi8hWobb+8/4z5g6It+IIMhZptSUJ3G3RH4bgF31f/8sdWVmD1CI1i+XVtjnNbeB09ldmpS 07UNX5NFSKxgTmITiJMSmY91jqAAyHixrWnbz4dAic1yYhavqsW+e595vtEN8Eu1dkEkOX4kunx8 IOPJsaUASkMV8f/tzPt76z1PgOTrd12MmMBWPMIo+awAr2l/rbFhJ4VTNB3Xy5iR3+FKfC3IrUj+ YmseTMReex9GqB4Cn5gOWvKIGWqlfYHlK2vBP/yBOftKtxx7aTtMgA/oot3oWpSSCliC+2dMgz5X Y+eBMJuQ2xFfRpJPbpZc/kvuLegKGTSpR2qX7C9tIjGlYaViMe2O6KHm/5uCaFEY3edth8iqvHrs Ndne8TlhFug+GCMWC5TiwwaTEJAD4GKHOsBQB0WBMbRZBBSVGFPlm590imjxjDuC1GN+uuM3fNhG 8ilUt6oF3zqNIojJ8ILiZozqvYNWtvVq+Z8kzQsRNI6wiOG5qKdX7+L90N8PhQBSOtNrW7umtvBb Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 43] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 H74BZWiZcVXF8J/Kho/fViD6N8zxmDXh9i8y1ck0bIzYMM7QKILYuLk0LE+Q8XML/qp5k6nFHr9Q yAdI9TybCiaCbl0Opjw9B+B5HrOmXhxguOI2E40pRukppAZMlFIYtynQ4q4SL2FxpJaFXOl2AwWJ Jjk9X/FnvwD4OAddxeU7YxwdDOyDKDn2zHVSMuT8Y5lh3jF6AdGxTYhDOpp2KRGIeJTtl3PN5frF uISFXKDIeu1FSeBqZE7Xa39AtulOxp2r0KP8vqFw0ugTBJxmzG8aHEABa8cd09OCQlJDnCbKgI3Q hwke7iZY2swIrSKa9Njkbk4O0R1qTdX9pDgU6oq/FPqzJnuA/8fcPegxc0vWtQ0/5DBv9spvtlpo RykqcDC8Na2FNAgcwXxWosOBX0PmlWeTR9ZwBdeMgC9xEu/PxynNWVK/oWnmXUcNn5/6GpgL4z/8 wczKnkIWueD47w5kOvyrL7k/WT097hDakcMBiX28yhBzl4bOy6iiGadti3vgfN41SGR3ceETdb/Z LFmECVovu8se8SSt58P6HzaEQuLQOWCCx693Ls1vnYTwNa9OYa94LqNoyXlAjynjA2doJcLeMy6V cmOnjsuM5hHhO0oDRodRA1fAlZSJaFjvwkIPM0CDHVjEVIVNL9j8toLpF5DwSC5bAac7OxooV43P Sn879NTZAu4qu7FxmP2tByVafBk6aFtN8w47AAXuWoWYVDe5toe9hNa71xeJwHc9i3nRRE1wP964 J/MByzoWM1x7laUReF2j+Ym7YP2Fe/OB3/g3/fA1GGxcG4UcHPQT/7hqRjlUSb9Xl6twgae946jn UB2g4qMxqcju79OFe+Cg4JgS7PtBrdQ+TUVchhTi4ymh5g4/ZUDlyfQ5wqc3Q+UO6WqVuCF031Qv RD65RUenS66XbiQ6lJzY7lpSwSyPwEq+Q8W3LlPP6jwrHU1lY+TE/0NNtIDE5X2ehC5SWJZBJmIw 4hoSe89w0xWmtzjAEgKhkTFgYdNFRIMM9hlUaoMUL1c/z8ztpjNCBM1MtrxtDjLcz61LKQrZdMED T1V32/MzGHD5ZZ0TZ9SeSjAJtFsND/BKF7hZqdUnyZRj4vXvdYV2Y93lUszYYVk9BLsGgk0Hfjiw pUCZ4c6W7gDuoocLfluhaE0r5Ssr5cCRW6xPXVrhJ43nM8fu0I1kPZDclEMhlG0hyMte+scUSU4W 8WG4Gwt5q7np9ujUOBA0Qop3IQn0leS72SO6+j8EGgt6QfDPet7OY8im+jd9sRwZtbGeZPe5q41T 7gUlATC+wuY7QsLAZWjYonjkdYzJMl71fb65rA+uIWqqte/ELKdDTU1uz3/Z5dhVat9fTg33PwI9 mgKbHoucEDuQpaxbI69FyMyDgnhLaylH+Uu0eLysSg+EEAnGr2fGZP3hJW6GzfJAOcSiBXc+kJJe 5/mDZcFpgcvPw/P0S4J/YUVpeVwF62w+hbcIMu8G4OJKHWYDgIzGNqIJNqm7w58KKCufpCv6q7C0 cB5EZJA2L+9cxvuwYdIsDuysiOucPWRaHoTnOhreAFp35mv2rmaUdt7cZHebwjOgpnGtKzEG9KHf 9xEN2glDuefcVVRxVUnwq33Snvj0ReLhvt1sRXrY0RNdbC5MrpXqyJ7SjWH5+A6btQuF1682oA0S Iyx5ZyWsB9+OUgNYkB1t27Zgobstb/as1+ru1ytEh5TFBqIQER7xuu9V9GpODu3ImT/3SAffPSFV E9qsheEl3hMqMP4xlaFRrP4DEI14fdvsEHh7kB8Zf4Blnf9gsDPc8vijWnWrtnP2/uAvbXQ/Sra2 +oIHO5RjqTzl7LF5qCLjdleIBXUlzciywjofNUB9S9pi4VtOTIBdBA2/Bs0H/X+0ME4Z7Xqr+sAa wFRuqcW0Mblw3IWTYqiYEXSbAx3ovaFWeQHcJcMeK1B+z3d19kW1qKLqM74GlXsJe8aOp00EgUYx +M+X5DbvzOa6PBvfdRDM77BSMRWbtbvgfvKJbzegimvL0typNzzWT2wa9UvSUMZc6pXVnfm55yM8 AOrcIQGVnYdVT+ykuzsqgTZu347EoesG25BskbtYAmrX7oV/OKpsUno6v86TDhnwQ9fyVlCujSQy kw2gSPf9RttGDY0xC5RlteZ2IiJhzQR3vDU7B/9zeNHzayfe+PLVfMn0adiptq1gwL0PkkRunaB2 xKkdj+jNsVQjLn3yr2s+j5pJfHrKXu7XnE9xcqZfUjpePUgI63UQxkUL43qDWfOdkAUJ0AkTwFu5 2Uj5P1CaCKWMp05BjO6j2V9E/92rVJVQEi5LAsz0h7WxMkxeOPHdN9nn88eFDc3SolBCyUrwkCdu awj86HAt54DovuaUm67GthhQXnCrCwN39NI2Ijr944pAvXx7sB+5S87+XORInV2qTBtAaul1cLQn K6jx81HghYrSn5NXtLHBcKcw/T0SEeRTmkefJhtvwP8YppyP0pf1JEl8+4DRQXOIViysdAKh3E6N W9wFYH4C6iT/jrVaofah4mPFzmmXiSVeUCbVg+2jBjNn5tG8g0X+sY7pwSiecFZsdc3zUBRWQkLm Gq0shRvdwRnvLKR+tBSQQd9scVP9FWdJg7g8naGgnyM2GfI1nkeahHnqk3ACXTkwqY56SoECVn/I dQHVvYi85sYPLKyukF6lEOi7lGd/FiPNDDKeXD30lsLzTiAsncV7LMzfLs/F6D25mjaQ392NTCOl joCBfk36zKSw0G4pcj+D8T6VU+nmiZ+koUgvvgD+rHeVm/flxQesDu2Km6uc7HBaOdVUmkrTdP0Q dLle/PzXWIu0YNMv7PFLvXENUDd1HC0sOYsZh9904U60pydcAzXyNPzQUt2Mcbk2Sr1q8X1nIcwv yKcqtMJIlNRSia/0Mr5qqbP98h0fvPqeDu7LQifEKRFYRfqB31eXTcWaFw+OIsB9eORDa2JLB0KE BxgcvJIl2nDAS8u0EwRM+VTPIgDFJ4raRIkomvNJNdTT5P+6YddwG6+6bpebn1sNZPHT26tRgLx/ mOJkJzWuS8KFAeyZDqXjsDKKj5fA4RTk63taJ/19OHnegdf65Hyq1iQ6p/F6JnFgfU3ds2EmtA6A 2mwdsxEKMNA8Mw/ePsQ6oHxCfh/mIrdQ2SnI9SuhU4bA+XuzTgG/rnLUNVNQ06hrdDp8SMNecWzQ eRLsUIzYbB8dLRvjcdxC3z2UonqCfkveAkEKYC8zlDMgb86PEv8/2us3ZvCcg2X2RHzmR6R3xjVX KgeHv9puPuK3KO7FE8hSJe/Tyj/gSDuQRW0Ip+RKDlxpKwdpNorj5L8t2O95ErHXlc88q+ZXAkIG f1wsjlEELH3zzwSsP6p06tazSgEcE/L0cIeIBCGvrxbeOfp+C5ezfkhuRoduFQzehki194jmqBEM FXTHJsrOggmsq/1DorXRdnb8dg3OOOqp5QOVLawBF1IeKGgR+QkbFnYmV6bixhRjoFWeQON+qC+L 3m7zylxf6MdTY8m3GwiSu3UTbaNCDVs9CFku+UwEPCZr2fveD35jLzmkA2+teGKxH/qH9YYgHiCm 9pzFD6MfVhmyyNltEeOpX8t2nZ6udHLbFRoLQXQnff+0/xwaYGvDrOJsWCLIn+oTRIstxptiix2O Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 45] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 4/7nDiMPTUNr0Jmr4QESyDbQxPwfTvYuWiURWbyk62IwZZeR6JjrlT9xcmSLkdxNXLmdolDmJhIN 0Q0lhKAmU3wfZUgQlCktlHeF77u+iA7maOR7OKXXPNYnvAnX7g+HgvYw+F1etnkVAGQfCF+JaAgA nhlqhv1AiAuCIaMq4Q3ov23dd1GY1CdY3vyK8Y4O2dXkrIMNcxykq4PqVw/FSNbdq8BEaE2lZHEu qJQ40F/OQESOfKHRxeKKXmEf/90spU/4VAgfymZ3v4lv4kQHyd4R5elN3tscT8DKOhINcp+VJXK/ Ny+49f3aiPUIWOLnug0W+/rfUgk7c1Sd4ojWNjRF1fwu5eQBRLjpMlsGXZ3enkmRwZev6vUSRlBz 60oAq3mQYLqOcyw0Gn3/lg28kj+mB1CyQH69l8OhjmEbB2Bu6RRn9pe406dxf1r9GuUUSq3pI1bo cPGQdPKCxtWOzM3uam9CSfsrG47f2UENuPFNfSvXXk9hSAkANPkD5k6FU535axuYJ5zAMr0fglh4 rmLbj4TTSvE+lp3phBzVqc3xIvOkAghkJ1/lbiWBlvh96WVpMy+WeGo0RjRsXo/JNFGtyezlbs5K P14y8Ib89eBwc8MajPIoGx3ktIopmPjA08T1VXKr38FTDW958QEgMAzckHXzUZhRazzVx4xh5nrk +PwCESGnJ1qFgCt3n0PhfR8JqxclA9cIGNb/buJ6ykTZso7iwEodfYzvNtIsonlVhshDMtdfWUUb PLHBINz6rb0I9EvqYqMC5Lz+Qcj6geHdAdAaIaoNrFRCet73OnsZRZDPEFUeRPtLEmFys2vCy32d 8r9kzQ24jvcEp33FbjbOXmypnq51ouq8cef/S+bsGf05z3WV+8LCQQywGUzCuWEU3N5mT0ljyas8 JDqCpm7Gb2YQBWSR4j9DdSXsGGsRud97audHSvaiuA3yr+ZxLxch9pYqaXQDPp8Rlf1EkGtE+WKL OcKTPVwOf2Qw7A3uWpGLkipidiiwmxaC0EQwRpeZhC5VM+m6gLebuqzVYoA5lHJCe+h+FqUjSPqc TxQkZhLGTIMTfLpiAFWzJPKWIVNnFkK3A/1RRom8W43a3Yjwj1WIQJdBLSWNNpMjFMR/vrACtrC0 ygCstHzXqQTrM3KTjglWAgz9aJ3bkaustE1l3Wx4FHH1dgPY1BKbLoMwp1oKvLgTMySFdgTk+MU7 PAWEs/x/ZG/DaulwEoNjXH61NOS1IRSCO4Nq1yDvhcYnL932K9dz9uYptsUQA7NsZSzKOS7pcw7m QD2I08Shv9mOzHuC07oPEdQ5PsOkcGr6s5V5P/wlfDs0S2ZvWLkzuWHJQysIRt1ygxCO1d9xczQ7 mDc+DyaVE4rUSbBfT5rCOe7i86YTvgZMujdqa3lYMrSEWnzxpO2qtsRoyQs6TWKIXb2djUbI4BS9 vj+Nwa5BNpbKZhiEWvz8CnmqtMrkE1PW2Can+12Mgb8oKXCLdBDqiXZDSmXUEQPZoSxbCxOCgDIw XEsAexx++Drz91B0Z7r6YN0F5klWqKn099skt9WTr6qiJUEbVhsA76DGnG+ywo8iw8TpILe3VPA+ mVUS+N2dyY0yEi+uIlR5cK4CeoPamzxdR5pX2KFZiC1Jp4A22cjpNP6iharvLkLWduX3VRwl/nff URfgfR2y0V7tg2ELgE5yIV9ESj8MwmAydqMPhc4sig4w9hB9X62Z2Cux38gUnSGD+DGi9gKJXk6P 0r+NlMdLqRD7HbU2UA+5c9Dq0YZLdx5T1boGbtjWP/O0hYecnD4ybwVyo0eDLonDDFNoLnylIWZj 0Z8M7DbnW/ldpvVADFoFwC0bOTvEuDbPLne3NfOj9lzNmacx5Yt7EK3e7DceZdNjul66uoptwO/b JvnZ35kE1Rpbov6PJklnkRpRFmG1UhdsXvsi4OXex5ZCFIOa0P1VGDLYpEm1l0ZKsNDMxZS1Xaon LUETsXYYAZHMSOEYRwl/3hGic3G2c7ELL+fiUrh4xF7aesOY8qWuMFS5od0iiNMVcJnfTdrbAYMx a4WTuYMB25knKfSQaTansJ5drv5jOS5YR9J5jifTvQ67W86QPeAlf0geTEDNclisLawInoWU633n IGI9SGDcrhaBGmfXnSjJsWZ8j4anMeDeNnAinc85C2JWD0S/Q/qSLkeb2EPCLd8XnekuPE6eCb7Q tGrAj3WA4JbXLKZflenOjBLLC81hRV6AENzLot70H/5rX66LY0b0GraV1k3SOl2mXsHIF8kSRYV4 H53JcKdJOFFiXMUeog6QbmhdfUSbO6PPjiQtrNg84dPJ7qE2D8TmZc6GRFZURFwormU/HSMJiFqB CCGjBXjplkyww+/MMKKkZeH8ptW9yNgRVHecJOn+xDefPeiGH8YpuTw6ki8PHmra2XTXrH7xkht6 +82YT1cHppwwr7ZRnqgnHIXVasmtzAMGVBvzKbb24dqAUE1z5Wc1SIbBAyax6Ce3KoBwjqmMQrsK GNqCR+V0D5j5ZGv2FR7yIlHyhxZaC+fNle4SBwRhkjFtMaNJLWglO/fUCZzWyrzKyc6vMjsG+G8i X5YpCIF/PcVFMVLUWpfu9rmqefmzinZnTmaktAYliGBfQkptxDPiHQBKuQsnlKGFiS8nkgvzAmlg HwxkG0dluT6PBFEWPcmCh3ymtgy2zb4IGtNo9ZnKZbUFK1enrMhftzvHt6Gz/egey/+jhlOqHK/f WA/QGv6ruTjjlXTBVeZdn1PRQZLVfvF7M0nQbYhBcP9EAGxpm3Em5CJiaLeMOhj+vHKTCBb4nZMP IpVxMyyWVt4crn+IOivjX4dLjmMtMh+K2YREQHLVtcZf+GKQuEPCHcg1C9NdEZTZ3vlNH4Ua8lw5 QGmpOdLfijHnvGD8vPR35WqZpx+TXke0MHMG7PVumwst9voArJIKuDHDQgN8uyCoFKopafLMmfpx HoCwD3yoscw1glLxpzTlYAUiZEm9CpfQzD0h5fceTkJltMkJ2j+i8uTJh9lJY2RuAWo3YtoQvvmK BtHKA3jdM+ntc1fgH8DZyH8o1Vl5+j1cFYdXN6iBExoZ/VgvfeZhwEt78iyogcvqy4Yu4WwUD8mh 5RvOJHjDQsPasqxQ2Y2ODHJrQC9kZ0WwOfH4iC8XMj1jjIqXVSA0PwjTV5M+RSVVrX29hVfNKLLZ cd+ZCF575mEv5eVFZU/YY0yk5FUpigQ0OOZmkKnATq9GlouI0dQMwfRfELiU7IzV3fAlBmFZJTFS ZHuaf6NuUH8W0F18cG2JaOCgyPKuPh9j0dsC5zYDfA9Z4Bi80GFDQc3FMwK7bWS6j597ICFhSzpi xy3x8xtkDGnsuWDrLGpPQfDT007OAunMyazxq36yLIZNrYqkgss4iChyXTvAQTSqHIbCMBN66y0X lkLh3eaTqLqKbiKhIpTvuXl+CCjK+YhRWruPHuqB0ha5lh3Ka5WyXHq0fDkFeO5OwN9zzue3TTYm siq5fWfD+wGV9L6ZpTXqpdcsOF8aIl1JTsozrdSC8Ehc8yJ//8SH3gXZHzAWXcRDmrwDdk8ie6m2 VOZEmbBXpB0RYA/ceZb2lfZoJGZiEy+GkfucOE+gDK6bWN+TLtNg2jQDyS7qbkSTZmPMuqkxiy1S Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 47] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 alRY0Ygxnv53rCXxtRAcjeMFDndjLV5p1XkBqv8jtJR7jxBsygMd83ybRBkWSYrHvamr5xxYPYnJ crFJpOJcmesc6xB0lW9/Z8rKc3z2LIyC828DZ1IHDksCct9OEJ+X8sP+bjFWwQEI9e1X29X/O+h6 4AnrKN8DldmXLfkrCjx4pX7ktk0DfIvj3Yd+gdFA74Y9PUq9GENusNcBBHwrBerpyBhezkQ3FGYd serV+lYXOBl1JufVwG5rx2/jiKrMtVXfrq73V1Ttl/sTDwJVd+Cz38iboetRnHceoEmu+54jTPge FKDYR+MzgWDkwSnL+5k49mVxAOUn4M2Fb6eJNqfocw2xzasmv4Iq5L10VHkagQwHKXFUbHU4jpQl SXKJP3eMrq6lS8WT7RYfAjgUnJ8Ga2bdgtGTKfuXerEZdhnZ5Nbh4PM0/MCkxighRIXGJftyR1ll 4T2IrdQtatyVx3JeJUYb/x+2cAGRKdCaCKgH8adhdn/BDEnIt6J6Enms6ymX0qIZl1Gdd/cyJVj1 fvw5db75vAFFx0K+JZ5N++xUy4xMocX6nJsNzzckAi3NBcFtF/3TVlCLMi2kfjZj9ouKEd2hAQYy ZOrdHmlT/MxmJ3HWoi5mcujs80A9p3NSEVWTQ8+3ldW7DPSiJN8/ZEnmYEWTeHT9BC+VQtwDBxP2 KznQ2gjtt6vphiEJoEuRI2ZYIThtjIy6spsC9dYaMbw/gU9oD/dGUJpeimOep3wxojJH+jop+D3L UblP9Y3b2DF8m9S5RoDvzKV+fDiAtYkkliHU8sC2rEimaLaXNW5SgT745PvtkkzWyvkeMAqJWRZP TmQlC5y45hX6By0zrFf6ZqHqNGaylGk53QCHxiG4t7ENUK9YB60VmTlqqfaXw+HuqKNET5Px1jzJ KBIgBFS0i2vyb8fAs2Mmt0PunIyegqYmSoUMxW5FAUFfKjEhTcTOmCChk+manajQh58Hgg+8qxpf Chq8QYLbbW+CIFO4aRDdW0HZ/6e755AKG0BPi5DkR1Gqygco00+6n/BA7yRdI3rZghjhR9vs7lh7 DX60m0g+yrbQ7M/bsOg+0HY9OoqZLq16GswJ6dgcHP+GZDInDsW1qjCo2leiJJlcMqYejxOoJawl PWSCoBjpOnByGklVaEfVLKVTpK9e0Jvy4Z/kw/2zsyA/1acta1mY6hER1wk8zd3kscpQkwDdf5ht 19MrePiU/8cjzLOBoZDmfA2zJJboU06PVOBEcbs6PvxKLL4YpJG0XHaj8zKKw8oYMrRWnR+QZJut btRKLl9hLEWj5bPPJJy7mo5mpvLaP9ZpSA7jHpq1vZeLr1ls3lSd6HfYznyfQ18ObxapATVQhvw0 4F32J6ikX3dB37Ch/GGk/oXJR9quILa0hxjfcvS/MJDtLtZxFIsahOZbOp6oivRz+UUgnew0REJ+ upRxGdHjLlRdI5L63nGJDK4eCSZm2c8U5om03OEDMDfLJ9rPMVGjJwkC5BM208J/J451OG6tKqtA 62t6k39DiqhvXwKluUst4P+6jpag16KUz/RgOhlY3YRZM7Notbl6Ou8U+YmiVLuptXZPNAvt7f1C C0a3Vyp4JPHAQuc9+S0e+K5GiAIQEuCou2PPjzc9z4bb7QMgtatKF0ryBehscXBbsCVMJgtnVXx3 Z1RxxwnFeiSJL2xDUJpCxo7zmb9K7ZU9qJ0kaSXmUzlFyYgnbrpNNO3Ycb1ZHWqXgUm4mPburzuW YNBoyigdfL4BJ8L7oD8DRZp98armLijJfaJ/uhYwuF12Z6JCQBDiKBURz+0ZdSAAeJ+6diNuYXdx XPJGr7D+tmStgvkwOxV3miVuMkl79UTcvcnLvLNQ2GsKPu03s7LmY3xttyiRNJHQO/lZfrwp/Npe Mmu0hqBM437lKfZSiN34vrPzppqTiVn+fUalmLoXk+5Wl4TIk8GGHqTUMzU6PuEOKt6Sa5bv5hyM wPVzk38sTJrY/ecYlLu5SkXa7DgGUwHdl8tXB3eROMXdqXvMgJxR5CgNofehrmeWNJUM/G2cRNLq IGwRnYBFjFr/TSRIpx6lTpPlSA6MYrCqkIvCLMaA3shEY6qHJt46jRneNyUFpjim7N4GsuLPLkoh WjW0hkrB8KgMmKnCmngsMysBRNu7kUxwv24a4rp2+FHjc9ehUOu3Ku0QXLd7mbpU4w4bm7S3UR/e Vcl78iRGVdK/py6LN/iXkjo9iR5KulBOKKAzS7NTOvVMh5Jng+a3Vq/VCbfqpy0juMps40/g+47c 2v2VohuzzS4vbXwjbjWfP3PXEhNxmRaOWkzMEnWgb3249LKuwLjd0J0ungg+6xjJd3f4ecXVxvpS ZoVScT6e3b3bBJFKZqCne369D5D113sOnPrY+ADpJNZe9KSDH0ivbCkkKHZZBGOXLJqHAAa0V996 dylAzhiu7ns4QuCozJDzxQCKFxDIHweJUGfZXFSk8L3h9Zrqq8AB/07WKTacVgobG5FGZ+HeHAhv UnOX71J1BxaDe1XZ/LbagIRGfxqkpwLnI+r6o1EnFH5326IIN3XQ9cpvcOkueQhFu7/vvld+HPK7 E+39CRQX/JyDhca7r438lE3wpKr4y8VNAhSFq9wOPp7YWFPPSBcRcYz4k0kfdkfPf8yjvNYq3SY6 J8yqsgZOvH+YG+Gp5/eok5JXT8ENbd/7oSeIEgJl7/XP45iZdPUZseUJ2QtzXVKVI5Aydn8O+v47 pAKqwjRomjTsLGGmR32KkL/c+8WREPZuD9mEiSYXLC7oMO5NLrJeo7NagMKHK/G8tjtUSGs+upNj IZiduUhTjZ1wgYkgZcmHo+S5m0nrvnB8Vxe8Wu4M5l8+HT22loTDiow5VNTrcVW+Unmvn/oq6dof 47ZnwpAWAFnLe+Sxl7J8f38q3NPXn/pVFZd82G5HAk0jKXyMGfhHLCxUSB/MjmgXKHBd3jDyon70 JmGvCLDZinJXzd5unZNfGWlXQEf1YIJZppfRfrUmYeuvuyZ3B1nQqZ2LYGVsxtvFh1Uqe1sBj9UB mwCz6VfZ+d9ySE6jdCGSrfYrYQDLAeYA93HAg5RnOqAt5RNX/CLwnSXQpPqFER8GP4Eqq21zmkzU 49IR+RoWlhLdYqy9QDiqfDjSStTdXjHGfYUR0nfSmrQts3tcj0kblHphwxdaCjAubWGum/6gFTcf QnJe6jllcqPW/AWXMns7UgYKZUJi/ZSNdnVN7rf/0ot9oc93+cCk2fOrUUAOZrtfQ+CIhZ19yOCv x1bQymEPAw9EkKWVS3MAHt3RHTpjkbMlMAb3Oyj67if/OxtUARQ/Y8PKw/SC6rEy5xW1yYtfcMjO SPohJqRyxQl1+ntuXnXBeEZ/vVfEErD9kTl/Pyh1QqLhlnNLtc+cQ+foJMtv0XRfA4tz1KAwFpJ/ VLPk3Osi3wqc8EuiwVqrFrK/PRNBXrYE5/Q9cKfFFTr41n6J1l8YExS5JqQ+LUXwcjeJ3Ca534TK J20tqsXNFE3RPTHrdDwA37HSOvbJC1L3skZTlQYB3ioWnFF4ECoOAGSyL9bMfrGaJl3DT1sGk2c7 0LmeEQncMkXITJEDj/IZu2Y++Gb+jXn+PN5zWMJAcQJCZ7MDzu59CdyGFuIVnouwKxuC7+/vnD8d Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 48] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 Gkhpb9z0Vc0NDNZZB0m7vLTWBIpwlgMQfSOXLU+mFUMfu4En9vsNFtczNeaCljVLZZlxwEwIC+NS viiWrmGKa+vgksSJhxQptdL0iSB+oroGPATMkWoquzVOR9biEzmaKxg4wHrGYcA+1p8+1dcDjGHg S9AXpmuMr0CZTsCZD53cDbHFbRL2+994rMzXxnRQLRCWSfoqaeMggSGrOup1WPDEzWIR7FXCo590 KctZuP7+MNOLiTGD4vafe+manXEbBn0Dr8sWrKDdVUprYfKYaFFLrJiZDrS84RYm/GolsMa9uwyg BcKYDZNKyAd+mThGbIHhIendTgstascrhg63lQpWt478Gl0BLl8GiVIMwZzEXARD6io7CXVR2R8C KhLaxgTRGEaqU65g1q8tXgvZ/rDUl6w5JeA8Tl4op8nk5R1stgE/kdnjnIM8DFZ4XsJ4Bqbts4uU zgcCJd+ITdILaKSjvf59Empy2m/FYW1on7/WxvOrzy/8wjBuVatsZBFlgpJnPRHHZ9x1eF18Xkz/ cawgVkl8B4qJWgvesiWyTc12zn8bWdcmKNQ6p1PiGJ9x+ueZGZkSDy72sc5a0Ul02XPhJ3wtKd3x yIcIkYUI4gkFUArISCC92G82ZwgC2jgmhvBzvr4eQFKmygrXYYbjPv3p19E4y2WGAwRpzUClTdLA x2rBAMO+YiziPesfAD/X+g5vc6oZoxpl0/+38yIBJ6IeUNfXcv1fDEL3Bp+5oGgX7tk+S3PvIdrY GD/kxw42dyeEdbKgekJfBST3G609N34WSjpxmgNlIzzjIGrybreo3ZwxJAbvQaAttkeAmtC6pNCc YHskgIKDSU/hO3BFXNGKAO2j/cqdkvG4jIGrYDIy8FHeNG3OWGFl9nzpbZM1aiOxQenFYjhs/gY1 2E5KLAQnkkAkuDlyTz/F/A8uSIXPJsf+m2b5JBhSKK+Sk01lY+m6rHhTOkqJirlwou9MfeY0690s 6cGN3ZCSBO1JaHVZRVGPxIYuogJHW4thP7WSsRjobNp5tdAViwHgASjxP5N5wqukr5uwlI11sQ+A xswfQ0Aa0aPjw4MQBc3kdX3tJq0kXfZVy55rv390HLo+d6UFES3wti8wXF8jYr5DXmuaPHDEzjEE wpZPUNGsOuO34N5s24obyOsBee5JuJEvQpGS3xgNevB+uzFDdI3Up+HXbyZWS6ac4QYjvu6jxfxd OvObO9HTWvF6+s4NcMG3dEM4A3abHvEfd2Km+y7xIBXqU4EcnZ8/Wax4LqvRfRYQ3ucaU7zlnaDE ZraafjmbJ9BtiLb6Psi1EE4B8dPUWojMCbXHif5EG5r9x7O+jEFgY7bjtSDa6mjr5//x6kf67Ggd z3uzYNquaW4R2yY/xCySASZMcsd8k+pIdrDSo2OtbfmKND6EcFxPQ1uy1WvHvD4c1BJ2O3oxVjTT spjaj3das4Dw9tH8WV5gP+urvz7t2OQdfVTHA59sB4QrkLb7BLpW+PKs5zCksaQXGiQ/fHkp00TQ VcisMzgBUZoeqJ3wHM/eYERHB8mbN7cKZWNfp8aIYWDAImNJDNCqydQI8RgWr97y4aJCVrHyEt8O h2bkqXw3KU0mptwPDpNeWc34TqeXGXe4A/VK7pc3f0BYeQq/lKDVP2ctEJJ/FnhCVK3/1orqDoOl mH13a6G7joP060Rln2sQN23QKE67/gxsZaSamUceRieBWQJO7Tl1KDmq4XCXl8BqKWQ+qnrYI3Fz LOgOqAdobTA96GVKPxR8pcloc43NGNtER5REVLaY8kZ8tNA4guHuo5Q0p4eiJpoVZoTPDm3giInx FFnhaeQAVBr2511Hrt7kJDy+xjs4gSqSX+qRcSvhBX29o2DUBF6QzqD487PYoAChg1+Firm++lIK n6jhrcj2CLge4cgDJ3Hf3TPYWV7SA9DhTWiZqkh/mFcPkOVva1e5QcZyekv8YGq5je3QCVJRegtK SR8J2q5z7ICcI5Jiw+FkCPrPQygJAHGOJznj1vfKz9HaeUunyFvczP6c9bPn3Ax6CQcMPk5bUC5/ 9OPu1w+ilHK7WwfIIJs6ZyuyRoCEVtbusZu14mlcHohM1FJlgxOgdYpA1/suh7RVEVW6YfU6eFlB Ipn6qRhQLao0b1ojLlbWcOhkSwELEDqNpMjJ0e36ICNyfH6MmpysDQ6Loae6uyNaxwdAR0huc3Wy x9Xd4BEUL0KjqrK0xs3X8SdCga630N03T2KAnbYAAAAAAAAAAAAKExodKTU8Qg== =3uab -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.2.2. Transferable Public Key Here is the corresponding Transferable Public Key for Appendix A.2.1 consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-NIST-P-521 Public-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-NIST-P-521 Public-Subkey packet Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 49] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 * A v6 subkey binding signature -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcpSBmkMvI5pAAAKpQQAr7DfPn+qcN72FNIpGrmh0CepgsNYCViDHCiLqdzrUnrOdD7F6M4QB6Vz HiU1YcQlVAe5ErRBZwVovrqBfuJEIQYBh0U72+2WuZg/tswDR6xi6MZViceA203gCfKoCehFZvU4 910roQMN+2ewIPiJIbkw4Ly9EZ95RGx9G50pj7AUgxOk3Z0XJoAMvx2v6xu0QzkoAIB+NhXq6HOL 29o5G8fkKsHhi5hKn1kf/qUA2ZK5X9TWeqWx9mIfR56RbDWxL4h1IXjduWfMkJUN9MEF8+vEvU87 WYb8NZX78X30RfCgYPogjya/b5/K2Hx9vbBeIUhnGhqq6tMDeX+RTeP7o7HyoPkhzuYOWTmvM04X U0nZG+N5upt2GNsiixUhCs0dlFqAI1BDHdl6ebXlkydGqZqNJOcZuJWwIgurdiiTmOKqEOCLw6ie y/TfodjwtuHjAFAIC3XRkEMSTIZD9r7pafJbj9g+aLB+N+V66xYYuXefsZAM0jo2yOtVqVQxFEJe VoyGhE2Z50Qy8yHKtNo5XAbaMBl7EifCzmNn7o78RiymdzEsABLp6w0KTIx+CKHUD4qCulzVnJys AFmiqImRZcZwzLdlwnKaHmzmW8PES2WrAymkEodouy1BrLRE9/7E0m/peInbmwftrH0zdPuaOjWz nE8TIUVn5waXgfKZFPNhPzYasDhevSXEob0n/MK5+M4M8ZKpj6bpWfiC3SjqFV3Bs/H1pEODFsN6 Hhmi1TctHevcBbnm9gShG/y8cSeoy1RYQiOZ0hB4botq9lDj0vxPhRhTVubcNXWOb8baXBaIDG/y D8BRtborEl5vpPmvoJsXHMM7TQy1nTOuu3sHYLwJ6xVkDyZp4nR2a+t8v8Eoi2onzaedOCVMbYAc FbJfvSAzSm72OH1UI0RkRWhCkXIHnMUNuRfq+QS8rOF2PRbESrX5DDDQaxZL7A1U9vldAJEf1bDD 74linqORNKOzaimOM//KxxLx0WU716L/IqzpAyXHh87Z4UR5nsyfi/UoWN4Qpv4/zIG48ZLob9K8 +n7/9fkx6szPCtSXGduEwfFfA+VeIZoSlSCL9DDGH5rq37ARYmAEKJiLX44R/r9cXBun42AB2ydv zIoRyq+tP/7+C5jaHrS0E0KkAZnLdQHAMQJkhZuQ3qjyXJ+14XVr8aH7Bepg6yep1vQWXcLlM3Ik VprEwrJiD8QSEz+/a48SL75BukkqLBRmq5iG9yzWfU0mulH+1pflO0L4Vdb/q5KLiAAmteSAs72/ 7VpywqTCGSj0OJAS0+ni3spgbN1PxlFGPIDFmLFY6eQ/j/v4K+CtmNsqsyrkIlc9B95dNZDh25jh SBwLM+mblI0q0Y4eHILnhsX6Meid8U4ZLiF4uswVs10/li4tfwycW1jXgiG54WV/AAdl4B/ywZlZ SOrXj85USirkFv8KKDmQPl64Hf7DxeDCrVbIjCjWLkZwLgH2PfhUGvk3G/YxBCZzped3tL8dAdZg AX8zjsLLlOxaKnQceyehUGbgwonx5p0XWV64nheLGSTJnZreAq30pdiEPFQ3DSM4rCrv7Q4OXyay 8ZEaLMYRE/LdnNtncyte39Vj7NrvM7J6Wr2umN89Lnm9pWDmPVeaW1o6K/rdATqJLLmK6CAk2ODT AKFNx5f93Ne9xMVMxnWcoIP7bLWBbuu6YBifBzLsFdzIjsg0ApZCU2xS0W2yK4UiE/qdFzyXZptm 1YddIY6/nqUaKYxFNcLOV8WImf592wb5Z+lhl4U1BG7cnHqkzpecr0AKBUq0Zsw7M+pbCGyTfjaf 5hHpAXj0Nt2d85L5r2NxmOlHG07bkQEW0z8DRUD3ieX/6JUNpXHZ1Ax9OQ3FXhHYwQ1r8wkBWv2j DMbXmQrvOkCIUcsTNA1Vh9u8MSP8prbeZ8jo6mJWrtQSCbHIGLLz6mnM4FJHdmzr0ZGhon3fderS H1nnhhGJLZ0/F1QpHUOJo15UYMqy1mpj0jY8f/hezPIbwGtL6tBlH29zgzvmACmUsDycflshX9qQ M99OF/2u30iKhen+2U2DWd9RLxaraJmmQsLSG7CUkH0hZbZIa8KsbI6JLgJ2v0NAFm548em793D/ RCDlFJ4HRjd88t+PB83duUrDg0ACwkbESX9bCs671/CBj/HrrHUHse/Z/Is9alu1CNX3rxRt2GMa vJDqnb8w7Z+NiUotjMVFXWJv9QvCLv44Sg+6AASB823C1JLocH4S/9xxIPAqIFlAFpc0SSR3AMzV aTlbVxIsk1BkFpMF9f34MHox9JSIHebW3RMlMa7PM8M6NEqs8gJesGBXgwZ4XUtpEK/YdhWtLd91 4Hu2s345McmWb+IYDF+NU7RC3t35eGuyoYql13lnbX3jXf4cdx6K+Bo2rbC9II6i6Up4Q893VCGa sU28Q3zjhB0aMs0w/SFOyFrkzn3pY32XA3Z3HC/F3D3/wK8flZBRgPbIGU+KokWG6dYdVKVGhsnN aD2MKx25e58jNv0EDlRTptd8ml10M3Zg71tKJAqHH0SVS3oXqv4a+a/KDygtVUfcl/MuF8hqDFmT 6lvc+UWzDDaHLbb3rQPWSM3prkzBl3Sz7ZpfdLwztAxlFMyY1F3OygDigN5zjcYS8VjS8XLwaV0Y SsMQe22yyeOQKpVMbpmm0gj49S1H/M1J6BLqqbF96hAnP/giiNTL4gfLhIPYONPzeImVb+fSkowR BNjLvpkJ615ARP8vWVdA+4tAWdYjDclS93ChY/oDVhdg9gJj96Ly4ZcC8DmlO0OCvosWFOePHdvH Xfob8molu5lpCmKwIGQUwrJR7EsCj+WHVspa6iDEYi6Pg+DgAS6s4n5MuM2TyJAScxbKF/Zjq3kE ydsoIzCKgBfsEV/3SVBo5U49n7R7U6ULh+O6V4GweaM3r8UVhBCcBZoDkXbMpIGv0J/8H6EFoaWx PsWCTc6cEFY4oJ0qTyStbY+3aYNPlCjrH59oEM2Ig0wS5MRZK6necig6dILXlsejRuCTXB/bR9r/ 5hr5hSYDF3xD5SalEXmOUBK8Z7xq7B7xtRLsBElBClGpdW9lMp9GQChLijgPwb22/TQFFWrbgz8b gMHaOWRJhbCLWD1Pqq/jZmw0h4fDLFJKw7oq5D34FxLAyWioScJXcChgxqVFcZkF+Q4fdksgcyFf jC3kJVA1WJeCBGQ2TskJ0XLcl7FT2rqD+dlmhPDR+3fACe7tjM8kTOeTCSvkQ6xGowWmAzCMuRl6 QTDcsCn+UFtCANZdL3ldF/D9+zbCAyS8jlhv/sMhEZbAoUPH/GEjBQnDvaa+yIDc6GvN/a7JP4KF Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 50] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 HDll6EzX+Tn8SRk8u3mw/lA26aX+xa3nE9oHvmkgnWvaTXV+fb2Dv2ASeMRfFS3l5N3+9mcOGpFU ebKaxuWqjNgrFKoSwnt7MhIyYQniQcbAk6HtMMcm6mvFNxL2VEv7QFJmHhfAiMCPmukHlPmn3s9f e144HpCqfm+bnivz/vc3km6LmwkwOLdjWATZw/2iHSs/RuqYNPRZUscndooEldN+WIH2KvQgQe6A VmfUJm3RsEdpF7aCmdsRc/4ntdSzRBehVV4cKmceMAY0EbL5jVrNAtSJ2LG4c9KvjVSIrzdi890S Aw4AAJPfhzCjkDGkEHdJpJLjvkYxSLo63s5mDD/m2bTEPdLzJnrLe30Qst82wqxHKmZIjuCaTpC6 R1oLxXsJCHdM6zgbpsIvctsR36HL/NOu/6kB/9OmPmUPvDrVDoP90WlYcAfC0kwGH2kOAAAARiIh BuNnSj3L/DX8wksc1/VSE6OGbRe2CBw61ZM689eOjIvOBQJpDLyOAh4JBycJAggCBwICGwMECwkI BwYVCAkKDA4CFgAAAAAAgaUgkHQs9j7p28YnMeX/OMP5VvqYB4IM+bFN7Ma7ewDYwYsB+n6u5rOX tyIBmVDfSKffq5ygX18Nys8Q6HblgVqliT8i/csaaIAqamsV37YyfIKtFX3pPCTE0bsGEPNLSbZm kHABdWY7ZL/S8HlxgSN47S89MXcIje9H95t8Ykysrtqxe73XSOkDCnmcCJzlgcRdkfV+EZEZJkkA S4OQ4Run7A536ABnxlywyQircvczaCmNALq1KU9N3nAL3NF0yMftkQPABOeUDOJ3qIhEKy4HJfjJ wb83vU9zqonKe0tJ7PDDacXrLISsrJ0/NhPAS7Cp8EktqHOHa8iuo2NB6LXFg/SQrJ2gS0VwdXwN hCAxDJw3x8GURP3/UAfgd+ThlRyTk8xUOpymO4BlGxLfc0VYugzm7RROmA2dJbMETVhIUI1ZGJ1l kObARgWluNZUXwbZourQ0kZNpCjcAavXdDTP7F8wtUHeMFMdGY3P5isSdf9HaT1amy63BnRLuUtn uDea0v35tjO2HbKt0zbFSZ+RvyhPjT1NyAR7qO/SZ4NKoPuSvVz5A4Y7aiuL07mamknfXqrQ4l47 J6sXIR8kVHFcBfWAzNNz763aNS3EFJ7IDMlX7iCjLlrtKh5xF5BAkPwTmlDGp4w16TSgo9suX58g JmxyWxvHpgvYsw9toUkuqFGBd3p6DI57FamUoDo9SYdPLq8wBf5wQBQaCw6MLiDsSr68uV0KmLEJ 46PEtp9AS2EfJqYejfa3yQJGcOhws+6IdQ11/x2Bu1kF4JRa3toeAy+qVbL/xNhB2biYep/DCeGH iY9dlFi8hWobb+8/4z5g6It+IIMhZptSUJ3G3RH4bgF31f/8sdWVmD1CI1i+XVtjnNbeB09ldmpS 07UNX5NFSKxgTmITiJMSmY91jqAAyHixrWnbz4dAic1yYhavqsW+e595vtEN8Eu1dkEkOX4kunx8 IOPJsaUASkMV8f/tzPt76z1PgOTrd12MmMBWPMIo+awAr2l/rbFhJ4VTNB3Xy5iR3+FKfC3IrUj+ YmseTMReex9GqB4Cn5gOWvKIGWqlfYHlK2vBP/yBOftKtxx7aTtMgA/oot3oWpSSCliC+2dMgz5X Y+eBMJuQ2xFfRpJPbpZc/kvuLegKGTSpR2qX7C9tIjGlYaViMe2O6KHm/5uCaFEY3edth8iqvHrs Ndne8TlhFug+GCMWC5TiwwaTEJAD4GKHOsBQB0WBMbRZBBSVGFPlm590imjxjDuC1GN+uuM3fNhG 8ilUt6oF3zqNIojJ8ILiZozqvYNWtvVq+Z8kzQsRNI6wiOG5qKdX7+L90N8PhQBSOtNrW7umtvBb H74BZWiZcVXF8J/Kho/fViD6N8zxmDXh9i8y1ck0bIzYMM7QKILYuLk0LE+Q8XML/qp5k6nFHr9Q yAdI9TybCiaCbl0Opjw9B+B5HrOmXhxguOI2E40pRukppAZMlFIYtynQ4q4SL2FxpJaFXOl2AwWJ Jjk9X/FnvwD4OAddxeU7YxwdDOyDKDn2zHVSMuT8Y5lh3jF6AdGxTYhDOpp2KRGIeJTtl3PN5frF uISFXKDIeu1FSeBqZE7Xa39AtulOxp2r0KP8vqFw0ugTBJxmzG8aHEABa8cd09OCQlJDnCbKgI3Q hwke7iZY2swIrSKa9Njkbk4O0R1qTdX9pDgU6oq/FPqzJnuA/8fcPegxc0vWtQ0/5DBv9spvtlpo RykqcDC8Na2FNAgcwXxWosOBX0PmlWeTR9ZwBdeMgC9xEu/PxynNWVK/oWnmXUcNn5/6GpgL4z/8 wczKnkIWueD47w5kOvyrL7k/WT097hDakcMBiX28yhBzl4bOy6iiGadti3vgfN41SGR3ceETdb/Z LFmECVovu8se8SSt58P6HzaEQuLQOWCCx693Ls1vnYTwNa9OYa94LqNoyXlAjynjA2doJcLeMy6V cmOnjsuM5hHhO0oDRodRA1fAlZSJaFjvwkIPM0CDHVjEVIVNL9j8toLpF5DwSC5bAac7OxooV43P Sn879NTZAu4qu7FxmP2tByVafBk6aFtN8w47AAXuWoWYVDe5toe9hNa71xeJwHc9i3nRRE1wP964 J/MByzoWM1x7laUReF2j+Ym7YP2Fe/OB3/g3/fA1GGxcG4UcHPQT/7hqRjlUSb9Xl6twgae946jn UB2g4qMxqcju79OFe+Cg4JgS7PtBrdQ+TUVchhTi4ymh5g4/ZUDlyfQ5wqc3Q+UO6WqVuCF031Qv RD65RUenS66XbiQ6lJzY7lpSwSyPwEq+Q8W3LlPP6jwrHU1lY+TE/0NNtIDE5X2ehC5SWJZBJmIw 4hoSe89w0xWmtzjAEgKhkTFgYdNFRIMM9hlUaoMUL1c/z8ztpjNCBM1MtrxtDjLcz61LKQrZdMED T1V32/MzGHD5ZZ0TZ9SeSjAJtFsND/BKF7hZqdUnyZRj4vXvdYV2Y93lUszYYVk9BLsGgk0Hfjiw pUCZ4c6W7gDuoocLfluhaE0r5Ssr5cCRW6xPXVrhJ43nM8fu0I1kPZDclEMhlG0hyMte+scUSU4W 8WG4Gwt5q7np9ujUOBA0Qop3IQn0leS72SO6+j8EGgt6QfDPet7OY8im+jd9sRwZtbGeZPe5q41T 7gUlATC+wuY7QsLAZWjYonjkdYzJMl71fb65rA+uIWqqte/ELKdDTU1uz3/Z5dhVat9fTg33PwI9 mgKbHoucEDuQpaxbI69FyMyDgnhLaylH+Uu0eLysSg+EEAnGr2fGZP3hJW6GzfJAOcSiBXc+kJJe 5/mDZcFpgcvPw/P0S4J/YUVpeVwF62w+hbcIMu8G4OJKHWYDgIzGNqIJNqm7w58KKCufpCv6q7C0 cB5EZJA2L+9cxvuwYdIsDuysiOucPWRaHoTnOhreAFp35mv2rmaUdt7cZHebwjOgpnGtKzEG9KHf 9xEN2glDuefcVVRxVUnwq33Snvj0ReLhvt1sRXrY0RNdbC5MrpXqyJ7SjWH5+A6btQuF1682oA0S Iyx5ZyWsB9+OUgNYkB1t27Zgobstb/as1+ru1ytEh5TFBqIQER7xuu9V9GpODu3ImT/3SAffPSFV Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 51] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 E9qsheEl3hMqMP4xlaFRrP4DEI14fdvsEHh7kB8Zf4Blnf9gsDPc8vijWnWrtnP2/uAvbXQ/Sra2 +oIHO5RjqTzl7LF5qCLjdleIBXUlzciywjofNUB9S9pi4VtOTIBdBA2/Bs0H/X+0ME4Z7Xqr+sAa wFRuqcW0Mblw3IWTYqiYEXSbAx3ovaFWeQHcJcMeK1B+z3d19kW1qKLqM74GlXsJe8aOp00EgUYx +M+X5DbvzOa6PBvfdRDM77BSMRWbtbvgfvKJbzegimvL0typNzzWT2wa9UvSUMZc6pXVnfm55yM8 AOrcIQGVnYdVT+ykuzsqgTZu347EoesG25BskbtYAmrX7oV/OKpsUno6v86TDhnwQ9fyVlCujSQy kw2gSPf9RttGDY0xC5RlteZ2IiJhzQR3vDU7B/9zeNHzayfe+PLVfMn0adiptq1gwL0PkkRunaB2 xKkdj+jNsVQjLn3yr2s+j5pJfHrKXu7XnE9xcqZfUjpePUgI63UQxkUL43qDWfOdkAUJ0AkTwFu5 2Uj5P1CaCKWMp05BjO6j2V9E/92rVJVQEi5LAsz0h7WxMkxeOPHdN9nn88eFDc3SolBCyUrwkCdu awj86HAt54DovuaUm67GthhQXnCrCwN39NI2Ijr944pAvXx7sB+5S87+XORInV2qTBtAaul1cLQn K6jx81HghYrSn5NXtLHBcKcw/T0SEeRTmkefJhtvwP8YppyP0pf1JEl8+4DRQXOIViysdAKh3E6N W9wFYH4C6iT/jrVaofah4mPFzmmXiSVeUCbVg+2jBjNn5tG8g0X+sY7pwSiecFZsdc3zUBRWQkLm Gq0shRvdwRnvLKR+tBSQQd9scVP9FWdJg7g8naGgnyM2GfI1nkeahHnqk3ACXTkwqY56SoECVn/I dQHVvYi85sYPLKyukF6lEOi7lGd/FiPNDDKeXD30lsLzTiAsncV7LMzfLs/F6D25mjaQ392NTCOl joCBfk36zKSw0G4pcj+D8T6VU+nmiZ+koUgvvgD+rHeVm/flxQesDu2Km6uc7HBaOdVUmkrTdP0Q dLle/PzXWIu0YNMv7PFLvXENUDd1HC0sOYsZh9904U60pydcAzXyNPzQUt2Mcbk2Sr1q8X1nIcwv yKcqtMJIlNRSia/0Mr5qqbP98h0fvPqeDu7LQifEKRFYRfqB31eXTcWaFw+OIsB9eORDa2JLB0KE BxgcvJIl2nDAS8u0EwRM+VTPIgDFJ4raRIkomvNJNdTT5P+6YddwG6+6bpebn1sNZPHT26tRgLx/ mOJkJzWuS8KFAeyZDqXjsDKKj5fA4RTk63taJ/19OHnegdf65Hyq1iQ6p/F6JnFgfU3ds2EmtA6A 2mwdsxEKMNA8Mw/ePsQ6oHxCfh/mIrdQ2SnI9SuhU4bA+XuzTgG/rnLUNVNQ06hrdDp8SMNecWzQ eRLsUIzYbB8dLRvjcdxC3z2UonqCfkveAkEKYC8zlDMgb86PEv8/2us3ZvCcg2X2RHzmR6R3xjVX KgeHv9puPuK3KO7FE8hSJe/Tyj/gSDuQRW0Ip+RKDlxpKwdpNorj5L8t2O95ErHXlc88q+ZXAkIG f1wsjlEELH3zzwSsP6p06tazSgEcE/L0cIeIBCGvrxbeOfp+C5ezfkhuRoduFQzehki194jmqBEM FXTHJsrOggmsq/1DorXRdnb8dg3OOOqp5QOVLawBF1IeKGgR+QkbFnYmV6bixhRjoFWeQON+qC+L 3m7zylxf6MdTY8m3GwiSu3UTbaNCDVs9CFku+UwEPCZr2fveD35jLzmkA2+teGKxH/qH9YYgHiCm 9pzFD6MfVhmyyNltEeOpX8t2nZ6udHLbFRoLQXQnff+0/xwaYGvDrOJsWCLIn+oTRIstxptiix2O TcsvZ4J4npmVaN0yk32+xOStqf2WY7ze9kUV8t+CDel1KqTCzrpCukLwoC+nEA15enhIzYUqHOim t/fgcTYUkmII/Tms1DQtZc2rPVmiWHikZnkTwODD9oJFapHooMuel7zVn84Nc9M6o9d+RpMSPrq7 ni3YDaVa4uQ3DEgpaRKZg8GbSujLiDbhheZn2W3U76T29/QVcIInorO8J6XD6mM0SZoJoH9SqOuK qp0fZWqYZQ2fpL9H+ajIWDAyVi1s2lJcaA86M2086LSfLRqQS49t5+rOzrU7ca7eayVR4wqfYkbX hfkGQtce7YE+2reVMAfQTGrvuz4V/MIC3GhJxHiN8bRzDlX0lw78Wxnj5A3DRj0nHJU6if7YfKm8 w2kkhFfVqOE32KFhQb/qZmamckpsgItS2/Z3m0hcV8/N2TcD42BNijfhwgk4lmSx0gDpAVP+eDGi WsBO5XD1sAAPvUWKkBZeYcC1c5Rp6D+wTJFmaN7Kql0aFst0QYoRY1EJyNmQXOYXbG7qFWxrT4K+ 87gfThSVEd8bF5HkhXqDjTtvBV7384KLUMB3NmM6v4pQlbBf/+ofqULeINGFt/81wt6O//NuAMJI DyURqoyDXA5JMGGj4CRjD/WAlxJZH/4fkra9Cl8vX+C9aP+/75cH1CObq21AXmWhL7QWFxEEo4Vx fnNXhYQJ+Ty7s/Z5cHwr0z6V6XSnZHX0gUacBSHpgZ942jF9hx1RW9VQR3T5HlZ7TdPWai3iPcpF jTfOJEezEYDFJqhoMYIuEqs48adkRyFeyTjZinNoaEdVlb7/BH57Loz/eLPGXzZUSeSytfCSWpgn n/pFgnd2G3g5+7Us5Upf9h+RVUPYEdRdWThBO04kcTthEhNoNguAQe0//Vpbv5tS1tJfkySPzRmZ 7SzclJs0i4qK+CSQPo90aM3ZzKQOk68TJbxTRVus05DrQ2uzCffSHVQJiQ3sjTwivhFFQClrOQb/ idwHPfurBb4Odk2ZKCguX7SBaJrQNN9btGmMGKS80JKBsbDHX4MkcFZMyoEA585DolgdoCMSK1+m 6I17su0mu5JgHY6d11+s8TIh6OCrGbmXUgBh7XBePfilXh1CZhpgGGebADK12qLWEzHORbvBD/Sg WUf0ADvWDYdHbJGuZ6ffNKaly8xBqPVUu7Oy5wKkILqkVhMFJobVqxO2vdIURDf/XUZUoVhXu3Hb pnE4nLfT9jyzP4XQEneIGX9DAU4cCKN351BwMQTjQEtuUWq43dC1tbYRt0B4Rr8jdu5QNztyh4uQ mLi/5gABAg0SHVt28AIPWnuw2ezwChwzU4WSzwcMHC8wTFSCiq3O0S1Eipa77vQXSFGRLkhLeN35 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAkSGiEtNDg+zS5QUUMgdXNlciAoVGVzdCBLZXkpIDxwcWMtdGVzdC1rZXlA ZXhhbXBsZS5jb20+wtIvBhNpDgAAACkiIQbjZ0o9y/w1/MJLHNf1UhOjhm0XtggcOtWTOvPXjoyL zgUCaQy8jgAAAADTFSDHSLK4gdRVFA9aQYlnE15egPYCcH67lpZoU3DhsnN9aQFU7GGIDgQeOMkX a7wlvj1QyA4FZltfIoz4fvkWWdc94cuvwrot8t9iNpFUt97TRYOao7Z4qNrUhGP0oz44l4kARwB/ QjYSuvasib3WU5wMrnnrKSxs1u3yYgqgRHjU/VxdpSZ34pqFrrC8nEd4XBAWLuVzGrpxQZLzkywZ Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 52] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 CyyBfLuk2ZNb7NAi21o+h8ZfkeMrolKMMcBzzQzOUZLyFyn6MsTwIK8eKdKYPFLRUSG1KgJsFda6 ffxIJDK8mV5clXISiGZD/0QdOVu3WUkoLpEIsNy0uvbOR3hpzddXtLNu1u6PmlUUki3OZk+GekUF JM3sd+anSjMi35jNzLmHvAEb+e1XK6ZUsrDoC8c57hceeVoCntVYx2Rdiw9Nh6QmprhahETwOZL9 ji4HO+/4h3zYc9Fa5N6Csgy2sIbGf6wG+IijxVqJApc0yTe0c8uJcUh2kwtDKUFWwyq5PETWSRIp Wes5O0NOQO6EIP0WBEXGnUC9EuY8Q4EzN9D6WOl0zr+nRCDNgTTCrPBZEquTS8MTOy/xjPNEvDDx KSgpGSiZ0NivtkH51JEiLekLkF3T1jHzZyLfu6ZB0O6k+YNRYA06XpqOf9ymNLHse/zbN5FSxJRm OLplEyGZBV36d0X5ffS0kb5WpdAsI5UvM00V/0yM5blnIKYJdsuXxNFw1j06A8WXggfMb8lS6dJ3 766YWNhOGn0ZkWfj7y3JdTx/BktuBB34Bu5PsT/jcqfQJq2irmkkg1iAThv+/mHp2OjZgbzdCJUs bLUEujaDzCm+FB3Z28geYrXOHjyFh7JvjSbPP4vURWYbaaMO/AcUrmSgoFJ7ppXTCLB53GMhHFBp 3fggDqDTP4Qqa3d2+qZ5yXINQI3DRiSA1otS4o9SYY0i5yPKiH/JzSCgebNcj0bqhLXNLFzJ2A1M pzpMp7/ZGta/cn7lDtiqYWVI71OA+kguV4HaMkFnYyRlJRGlqoQwNzj/wFKQJvt8oQQky3ul7Qfr s+mt3WaU42RnQ9n9xConeNYZQ4KvZEJXcKNjEnmktn6kpoA6sGgWw5vSLyXg7zNspNXvPolG5H24 AHxuobQxG6mBnhhlfJHGuLQZw9nhBFiJ4syjZNU41jaAfl3iv/w1AsrE4VmxabnRquhZ6YEyFHrF BIFrf70oL38ThdBdnsCTqnc0N8buj9XIunkzP94ukvUKFcE/asIsyuKXbHTECVDPxREfx+QMSnWi IEeuaKAA+EyYA8muh0LtqvON9q4+sJ3SQkAqfe0q0YbTZWjJnb+2/+P2KIN1Augm7Rt+GF/rYcn7 K8x88slgwpF0mjJsXigLINidcaMCZrhT/Hoam5it3Pi7x0955VbOzxr+H2ZUyNZ+lklQTEZTH4B3 oFevpB4qvSyaRFDXIzYNcGzMjSLtqG7Kqt8MnYcCrSqR8QrhYtVn89+xDxJRbXt+lIpOpF8zPF5q vUwqFWDpYcIJyoRa5vdWnAZfNoO5b19gA91avj+/CD+9ZlaLPpxBdCCeYsqC0bUYrlzyTWZhrY1e wMUf+BwFfYXaHdLNA/uFEhAa+GyBOgtm3xst5iC6RFqvGb9pc/riWSAUEpOUs2XJqNafEE/PXVe1 22891DbgTvkDqcAuIcERGyiESC4h/bZuXB6TesWxWM+qSymFcaZK/FFwtVK6KvOg2yRYU0glahqq kgs2l2iqWD6TNz9sckJUfDtEat6GjPIv/PSaPIxPGK1/E13cossYLHmXmkYL0EsaL9ebmXPltQnK tO7I8/ZMIbrjkx++1Nogww+HpRz0ztQjVIid7oDXmj9nGoS6AJniYEuiDfoydG6C6bD+uSjEg/SA xfgDrXtEKE1C8hS1XmUSVS1wIm3yXBTQkxbeuS0y8A2/18wt4Dy7EiqUobEGA1zjU8xvGOLnUd76 ziD4ygax9OlZAZhYS8NHj9s56yDs9uV8lXDHjDD9eVy/nPFyre37aexuqqQlHD37rUiD5/GIvWvS Krl/Hlp5T/uYGiFF2XWUlV9beTTdpmbUgxIpTYnFe/jjpAC4i+edQCIuvbmMt/buKkDfJMR84llZ 4/7nDiMPTUNr0Jmr4QESyDbQxPwfTvYuWiURWbyk62IwZZeR6JjrlT9xcmSLkdxNXLmdolDmJhIN 0Q0lhKAmU3wfZUgQlCktlHeF77u+iA7maOR7OKXXPNYnvAnX7g+HgvYw+F1etnkVAGQfCF+JaAgA nhlqhv1AiAuCIaMq4Q3ov23dd1GY1CdY3vyK8Y4O2dXkrIMNcxykq4PqVw/FSNbdq8BEaE2lZHEu qJQ40F/OQESOfKHRxeKKXmEf/90spU/4VAgfymZ3v4lv4kQHyd4R5elN3tscT8DKOhINcp+VJXK/ Ny+49f3aiPUIWOLnug0W+/rfUgk7c1Sd4ojWNjRF1fwu5eQBRLjpMlsGXZ3enkmRwZev6vUSRlBz 60oAq3mQYLqOcyw0Gn3/lg28kj+mB1CyQH69l8OhjmEbB2Bu6RRn9pe406dxf1r9GuUUSq3pI1bo cPGQdPKCxtWOzM3uam9CSfsrG47f2UENuPFNfSvXXk9hSAkANPkD5k6FU535axuYJ5zAMr0fglh4 rmLbj4TTSvE+lp3phBzVqc3xIvOkAghkJ1/lbiWBlvh96WVpMy+WeGo0RjRsXo/JNFGtyezlbs5K P14y8Ib89eBwc8MajPIoGx3ktIopmPjA08T1VXKr38FTDW958QEgMAzckHXzUZhRazzVx4xh5nrk +PwCESGnJ1qFgCt3n0PhfR8JqxclA9cIGNb/buJ6ykTZso7iwEodfYzvNtIsonlVhshDMtdfWUUb PLHBINz6rb0I9EvqYqMC5Lz+Qcj6geHdAdAaIaoNrFRCet73OnsZRZDPEFUeRPtLEmFys2vCy32d 8r9kzQ24jvcEp33FbjbOXmypnq51ouq8cef/S+bsGf05z3WV+8LCQQywGUzCuWEU3N5mT0ljyas8 JDqCpm7Gb2YQBWSR4j9DdSXsGGsRud97audHSvaiuA3yr+ZxLxch9pYqaXQDPp8Rlf1EkGtE+WKL OcKTPVwOf2Qw7A3uWpGLkipidiiwmxaC0EQwRpeZhC5VM+m6gLebuqzVYoA5lHJCe+h+FqUjSPqc TxQkZhLGTIMTfLpiAFWzJPKWIVNnFkK3A/1RRom8W43a3Yjwj1WIQJdBLSWNNpMjFMR/vrACtrC0 ygCstHzXqQTrM3KTjglWAgz9aJ3bkaustE1l3Wx4FHH1dgPY1BKbLoMwp1oKvLgTMySFdgTk+MU7 PAWEs/x/ZG/DaulwEoNjXH61NOS1IRSCO4Nq1yDvhcYnL932K9dz9uYptsUQA7NsZSzKOS7pcw7m QD2I08Shv9mOzHuC07oPEdQ5PsOkcGr6s5V5P/wlfDs0S2ZvWLkzuWHJQysIRt1ygxCO1d9xczQ7 mDc+DyaVE4rUSbBfT5rCOe7i86YTvgZMujdqa3lYMrSEWnzxpO2qtsRoyQs6TWKIXb2djUbI4BS9 vj+Nwa5BNpbKZhiEWvz8CnmqtMrkE1PW2Can+12Mgb8oKXCLdBDqiXZDSmXUEQPZoSxbCxOCgDIw XEsAexx++Drz91B0Z7r6YN0F5klWqKn099skt9WTr6qiJUEbVhsA76DGnG+ywo8iw8TpILe3VPA+ mVUS+N2dyY0yEi+uIlR5cK4CeoPamzxdR5pX2KFZiC1Jp4A22cjpNP6iharvLkLWduX3VRwl/nff URfgfR2y0V7tg2ELgE5yIV9ESj8MwmAydqMPhc4sig4w9hB9X62Z2Cux38gUnSGD+DGi9gKJXk6P Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 54] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 He0yAZCbZD5yhX6Mizj0k14FROwHGFE0aiLBYTMEpPN1Pc8HKFO4fShwTJCwdgVIVOaWxsnsP2AW TahZQaI6PCyGSnuwhsQLkPbVl9XqryM6tqXoAVVIXdsrUsehxrkBVUYGGzSRpTE1zotpGFRSwYTj gV9qd/Bptr4kyD0lA0vyWuVoEwBdeH4RU2qTalSAM+MYbNLXKMxWDOcmx7fsIjGkcWHsWEJTotrL ry9BjKzls0/cQaxBYJB8GGFxIbyZVlEqVfWSYtz1UsSlk+hjHiQEeieks/mXSyrMfk45gO/nH3W4 SvJ5w/o2hPyZpwr0DjfCgg9zIBqpwljLNKF0BGv6hLk0neu5SL4HKve0X8FxRjmRFq8ChbIkMpRL YO0zqaFCyOVBnQLDneALXIRqJjxUoYADgOj2YmmDjOxwaheDqM+6WCwSa4JqwzuJwpQwNfvDcpgV e7e6gVpaAnIWeDe6hLiLRweHqQjjthmWY7t6frz5DkJSw6HpstWWYoQ2nBYJmr3aV4cpjgbzMW3q Xz5TLkCyiGo3oIU5lJNxsv7MYwVjaezUBa7qM6TLGh05s724Tg4rPV1wLFqQRrzlVnc0ywlHQOy5 MwvWncwFlQNXNMHHbbloFUTbFPwVYMdDivjDfo3YowLxQXNHIjsxIBn8EHLhgA1ZMkCwYxh2Blir Ypp6eaRcZF5lYn5CgTmLs2V8Q/YDmssaVnYbn6YwK9abwTzEoJaZZiE4zG3KjGgkiKhzXk+LmH+U v1ZpnQeTfs+BqqxROxypTp8kKe03V7YJdadWECvmPGKkV6DcXzs5kX46V4pUTuKMNsd1BhAQQU92 a841iqnUiquEj+S1afWyywn5VgYZC/2zDtxYdAjqK7NsRBMhy+q5CgUWEC/EHmiIrkkwbIs6p/eE FDDWMonJAfBEAysFbgqbFMxIRMzAVQRhtIyUIssaDt9xzouJxWAKTvQ7st2lggdxONu8PV2hArCD yhSnUrponnGaLRMrrWEoETFHeE6SVcS0qDuRu/zLatInWCY2GMWIo63ywRraJPIVhNM8TItjmsU8 q7hASR45ns20b2EzF6csvRMHhakZJM4Xa7sDOsWKhCOYVR00HrqoqmYDY8a8nFp0w6AMHSOaxGuh TG401scYbeKyhB5los/kpLIGmW8ZAAFHtbrhSZXefLpGWRUSo8GK1AnWHF8nZuGdo3szcFhPQxxB kY4z2XapRzTZ/h6JM0CA8QBZ19xaimD6np4s4rh1wipPWWN8y64QdhMw2XudXj9m9KQNxN7n+ClS EFTlFjsy84rdHCqxlzJPHeSy6sowd+ytSpbleENbR/e8pz1nQ0bC0jIGGGkOAAAALCIhBuNnSj3L /DX8wksc1/VSE6OGbRe2CBw61ZM689eOjIvOBQJpDLyOAhsMAAAAALsbIEmbhWEg8AJzb9kpF3M0 E04jytiitR2OrZmmbQvl7AdSAGQuJDsP93L8vw7gumQIjsxD4OL5KUNF8MOV7wEfKrfs7H53TnIk w3Lu1MtKmlWnTDcmJf/cpY38eUazZVrQSGE/AYbgNN6QQeDfXJ+95fpQIXg9v6aeljWtKgF2Y8cq oRKh/+hNdyTOq0iqFR9DxXMrcbgqu6d5rf/ssnxFXv4jRZLH3snC/PJGg+7AKJJq3/9mR2wvd4bS nXLPOuEgmrDI/AirKedS7ehiGbXHcB0fWc0oqJZRiRFeE3ib7tTy2pY3q3f5lLq4decdqIym3RJV vHF7HTQJzMoJEz5Ja26tjP6/qo7+1HZDaVTcUumcrlwSHGT4or8jy2joWUUGnNXbsgs3cX+BekKJ u71XKg2T8rFqka3VdddJasEbIblLaB9+lPJIfPIOK+oH3QIBm4g/EDoB/vs+meU2d7OFH2ez5O7T alRY0Ygxnv53rCXxtRAcjeMFDndjLV5p1XkBqv8jtJR7jxBsygMd83ybRBkWSYrHvamr5xxYPYnJ crFJpOJcmesc6xB0lW9/Z8rKc3z2LIyC828DZ1IHDksCct9OEJ+X8sP+bjFWwQEI9e1X29X/O+h6 4AnrKN8DldmXLfkrCjx4pX7ktk0DfIvj3Yd+gdFA74Y9PUq9GENusNcBBHwrBerpyBhezkQ3FGYd serV+lYXOBl1JufVwG5rx2/jiKrMtVXfrq73V1Ttl/sTDwJVd+Cz38iboetRnHceoEmu+54jTPge FKDYR+MzgWDkwSnL+5k49mVxAOUn4M2Fb6eJNqfocw2xzasmv4Iq5L10VHkagQwHKXFUbHU4jpQl SXKJP3eMrq6lS8WT7RYfAjgUnJ8Ga2bdgtGTKfuXerEZdhnZ5Nbh4PM0/MCkxighRIXGJftyR1ll 4T2IrdQtatyVx3JeJUYb/x+2cAGRKdCaCKgH8adhdn/BDEnIt6J6Enms6ymX0qIZl1Gdd/cyJVj1 fvw5db75vAFFx0K+JZ5N++xUy4xMocX6nJsNzzckAi3NBcFtF/3TVlCLMi2kfjZj9ouKEd2hAQYy ZOrdHmlT/MxmJ3HWoi5mcujs80A9p3NSEVWTQ8+3ldW7DPSiJN8/ZEnmYEWTeHT9BC+VQtwDBxP2 KznQ2gjtt6vphiEJoEuRI2ZYIThtjIy6spsC9dYaMbw/gU9oD/dGUJpeimOep3wxojJH+jop+D3L UblP9Y3b2DF8m9S5RoDvzKV+fDiAtYkkliHU8sC2rEimaLaXNW5SgT745PvtkkzWyvkeMAqJWRZP TmQlC5y45hX6By0zrFf6ZqHqNGaylGk53QCHxiG4t7ENUK9YB60VmTlqqfaXw+HuqKNET5Px1jzJ KBIgBFS0i2vyb8fAs2Mmt0PunIyegqYmSoUMxW5FAUFfKjEhTcTOmCChk+manajQh58Hgg+8qxpf Chq8QYLbbW+CIFO4aRDdW0HZ/6e755AKG0BPi5DkR1Gqygco00+6n/BA7yRdI3rZghjhR9vs7lh7 DX60m0g+yrbQ7M/bsOg+0HY9OoqZLq16GswJ6dgcHP+GZDInDsW1qjCo2leiJJlcMqYejxOoJawl PWSCoBjpOnByGklVaEfVLKVTpK9e0Jvy4Z/kw/2zsyA/1acta1mY6hER1wk8zd3kscpQkwDdf5ht 19MrePiU/8cjzLOBoZDmfA2zJJboU06PVOBEcbs6PvxKLL4YpJG0XHaj8zKKw8oYMrRWnR+QZJut btRKLl9hLEWj5bPPJJy7mo5mpvLaP9ZpSA7jHpq1vZeLr1ls3lSd6HfYznyfQ18ObxapATVQhvw0 4F32J6ikX3dB37Ch/GGk/oXJR9quILa0hxjfcvS/MJDtLtZxFIsahOZbOp6oivRz+UUgnew0REJ+ upRxGdHjLlRdI5L63nGJDK4eCSZm2c8U5om03OEDMDfLJ9rPMVGjJwkC5BM208J/J451OG6tKqtA 62t6k39DiqhvXwKluUst4P+6jpag16KUz/RgOhlY3YRZM7Notbl6Ou8U+YmiVLuptXZPNAvt7f1C C0a3Vyp4JPHAQuc9+S0e+K5GiAIQEuCou2PPjzc9z4bb7QMgtatKF0ryBehscXBbsCVMJgtnVXx3 Z1RxxwnFeiSJL2xDUJpCxo7zmb9K7ZU9qJ0kaSXmUzlFyYgnbrpNNO3Ycb1ZHWqXgUm4mPburzuW Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 55] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 YNBoyigdfL4BJ8L7oD8DRZp98armLijJfaJ/uhYwuF12Z6JCQBDiKBURz+0ZdSAAeJ+6diNuYXdx XPJGr7D+tmStgvkwOxV3miVuMkl79UTcvcnLvLNQ2GsKPu03s7LmY3xttyiRNJHQO/lZfrwp/Npe Mmu0hqBM437lKfZSiN34vrPzppqTiVn+fUalmLoXk+5Wl4TIk8GGHqTUMzU6PuEOKt6Sa5bv5hyM wPVzk38sTJrY/ecYlLu5SkXa7DgGUwHdl8tXB3eROMXdqXvMgJxR5CgNofehrmeWNJUM/G2cRNLq IGwRnYBFjFr/TSRIpx6lTpPlSA6MYrCqkIvCLMaA3shEY6qHJt46jRneNyUFpjim7N4GsuLPLkoh WjW0hkrB8KgMmKnCmngsMysBRNu7kUxwv24a4rp2+FHjc9ehUOu3Ku0QXLd7mbpU4w4bm7S3UR/e Vcl78iRGVdK/py6LN/iXkjo9iR5KulBOKKAzS7NTOvVMh5Jng+a3Vq/VCbfqpy0juMps40/g+47c 2v2VohuzzS4vbXwjbjWfP3PXEhNxmRaOWkzMEnWgb3249LKuwLjd0J0ungg+6xjJd3f4ecXVxvpS ZoVScT6e3b3bBJFKZqCne369D5D113sOnPrY+ADpJNZe9KSDH0ivbCkkKHZZBGOXLJqHAAa0V996 dylAzhiu7ns4QuCozJDzxQCKFxDIHweJUGfZXFSk8L3h9Zrqq8AB/07WKTacVgobG5FGZ+HeHAhv UnOX71J1BxaDe1XZ/LbagIRGfxqkpwLnI+r6o1EnFH5326IIN3XQ9cpvcOkueQhFu7/vvld+HPK7 E+39CRQX/JyDhca7r438lE3wpKr4y8VNAhSFq9wOPp7YWFPPSBcRcYz4k0kfdkfPf8yjvNYq3SY6 J8yqsgZOvH+YG+Gp5/eok5JXT8ENbd/7oSeIEgJl7/XP45iZdPUZseUJ2QtzXVKVI5Aydn8O+v47 pAKqwjRomjTsLGGmR32KkL/c+8WREPZuD9mEiSYXLC7oMO5NLrJeo7NagMKHK/G8tjtUSGs+upNj IZiduUhTjZ1wgYkgZcmHo+S5m0nrvnB8Vxe8Wu4M5l8+HT22loTDiow5VNTrcVW+Unmvn/oq6dof 47ZnwpAWAFnLe+Sxl7J8f38q3NPXn/pVFZd82G5HAk0jKXyMGfhHLCxUSB/MjmgXKHBd3jDyon70 JmGvCLDZinJXzd5unZNfGWlXQEf1YIJZppfRfrUmYeuvuyZ3B1nQqZ2LYGVsxtvFh1Uqe1sBj9UB mwCz6VfZ+d9ySE6jdCGSrfYrYQDLAeYA93HAg5RnOqAt5RNX/CLwnSXQpPqFER8GP4Eqq21zmkzU 49IR+RoWlhLdYqy9QDiqfDjSStTdXjHGfYUR0nfSmrQts3tcj0kblHphwxdaCjAubWGum/6gFTcf QnJe6jllcqPW/AWXMns7UgYKZUJi/ZSNdnVN7rf/0ot9oc93+cCk2fOrUUAOZrtfQ+CIhZ19yOCv x1bQymEPAw9EkKWVS3MAHt3RHTpjkbMlMAb3Oyj67if/OxtUARQ/Y8PKw/SC6rEy5xW1yYtfcMjO SPohJqRyxQl1+ntuXnXBeEZ/vVfEErD9kTl/Pyh1QqLhlnNLtc+cQ+foJMtv0XRfA4tz1KAwFpJ/ VLPk3Osi3wqc8EuiwVqrFrK/PRNBXrYE5/Q9cKfFFTr41n6J1l8YExS5JqQ+LUXwcjeJ3Ca534TK J20tqsXNFE3RPTHrdDwA37HSOvbJC1L3skZTlQYB3ioWnFF4ECoOAGSyL9bMfrGaJl3DT1sGk2c7 0LmeEQncMkXITJEDj/IZu2Y++Gb+jXn+PN5zWMJAcQJCZ7MDzu59CdyGFuIVnouwKxuC7+/vnD8d Gkhpb9z0Vc0NDNZZB0m7vLTWBIpwlgMQfSOXLU+mFUMfu4En9vsNFtczNeaCljVLZZlxwEwIC+NS viiWrmGKa+vgksSJhxQptdL0iSB+oroGPATMkWoquzVOR9biEzmaKxg4wHrGYcA+1p8+1dcDjGHg S9AXpmuMr0CZTsCZD53cDbHFbRL2+994rMzXxnRQLRCWSfoqaeMggSGrOup1WPDEzWIR7FXCo590 KctZuP7+MNOLiTGD4vafe+manXEbBn0Dr8sWrKDdVUprYfKYaFFLrJiZDrS84RYm/GolsMa9uwyg BcKYDZNKyAd+mThGbIHhIendTgstascrhg63lQpWt478Gl0BLl8GiVIMwZzEXARD6io7CXVR2R8C KhLaxgTRGEaqU65g1q8tXgvZ/rDUl6w5JeA8Tl4op8nk5R1stgE/kdnjnIM8DFZ4XsJ4Bqbts4uU zgcCJd+ITdILaKSjvf59Empy2m/FYW1on7/WxvOrzy/8wjBuVatsZBFlgpJnPRHHZ9x1eF18Xkz/ cawgVkl8B4qJWgvesiWyTc12zn8bWdcmKNQ6p1PiGJ9x+ueZGZkSDy72sc5a0Ul02XPhJ3wtKd3x yIcIkYUI4gkFUArISCC92G82ZwgC2jgmhvBzvr4eQFKmygrXYYbjPv3p19E4y2WGAwRpzUClTdLA x2rBAMO+YiziPesfAD/X+g5vc6oZoxpl0/+38yIBJ6IeUNfXcv1fDEL3Bp+5oGgX7tk+S3PvIdrY GD/kxw42dyeEdbKgekJfBST3G609N34WSjpxmgNlIzzjIGrybreo3ZwxJAbvQaAttkeAmtC6pNCc YHskgIKDSU/hO3BFXNGKAO2j/cqdkvG4jIGrYDIy8FHeNG3OWGFl9nzpbZM1aiOxQenFYjhs/gY1 2E5KLAQnkkAkuDlyTz/F/A8uSIXPJsf+m2b5JBhSKK+Sk01lY+m6rHhTOkqJirlwou9MfeY0690s 6cGN3ZCSBO1JaHVZRVGPxIYuogJHW4thP7WSsRjobNp5tdAViwHgASjxP5N5wqukr5uwlI11sQ+A xswfQ0Aa0aPjw4MQBc3kdX3tJq0kXfZVy55rv390HLo+d6UFES3wti8wXF8jYr5DXmuaPHDEzjEE wpZPUNGsOuO34N5s24obyOsBee5JuJEvQpGS3xgNevB+uzFDdI3Up+HXbyZWS6ac4QYjvu6jxfxd OvObO9HTWvF6+s4NcMG3dEM4A3abHvEfd2Km+y7xIBXqU4EcnZ8/Wax4LqvRfRYQ3ucaU7zlnaDE ZraafjmbJ9BtiLb6Psi1EE4B8dPUWojMCbXHif5EG5r9x7O+jEFgY7bjtSDa6mjr5//x6kf67Ggd z3uzYNquaW4R2yY/xCySASZMcsd8k+pIdrDSo2OtbfmKND6EcFxPQ1uy1WvHvD4c1BJ2O3oxVjTT spjaj3das4Dw9tH8WV5gP+urvz7t2OQdfVTHA59sB4QrkLb7BLpW+PKs5zCksaQXGiQ/fHkp00TQ VcisMzgBUZoeqJ3wHM/eYERHB8mbN7cKZWNfp8aIYWDAImNJDNCqydQI8RgWr97y4aJCVrHyEt8O h2bkqXw3KU0mptwPDpNeWc34TqeXGXe4A/VK7pc3f0BYeQq/lKDVP2ctEJJ/FnhCVK3/1orqDoOl mH13a6G7joP060Rln2sQN23QKE67/gxsZaSamUceRieBWQJO7Tl1KDmq4XCXl8BqKWQ+qnrYI3Fz Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 56] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 LOgOqAdobTA96GVKPxR8pcloc43NGNtER5REVLaY8kZ8tNA4guHuo5Q0p4eiJpoVZoTPDm3giInx FFnhaeQAVBr2511Hrt7kJDy+xjs4gSqSX+qRcSvhBX29o2DUBF6QzqD487PYoAChg1+Firm++lIK n6jhrcj2CLge4cgDJ3Hf3TPYWV7SA9DhTWiZqkh/mFcPkOVva1e5QcZyekv8YGq5je3QCVJRegtK SR8J2q5z7ICcI5Jiw+FkCPrPQygJAHGOJznj1vfKz9HaeUunyFvczP6c9bPn3Ax6CQcMPk5bUC5/ 9OPu1w+ilHK7WwfIIJs6ZyuyRoCEVtbusZu14mlcHohM1FJlgxOgdYpA1/suh7RVEVW6YfU6eFlB Ipn6qRhQLao0b1ojLlbWcOhkSwELEDqNpMjJ0e36ICNyfH6MmpysDQ6Loae6uyNaxwdAR0huc3Wy x9Xd4BEUL0KjqrK0xs3X8SdCga630N03T2KAnbYAAAAAAAAAAAAKExodKTU8Qg== =3uab -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.2.3. Encrypted and Signed Message Here is a signed message "Testing\n" encrypted to the certificate Appendix A.2.2 and signed by the secret key Appendix A.2.1: * A v6 PKESK * A v2 SEIPD The hex-encoded mlkemKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is cd8a9216c981c151843d48ce17a30cb69f01373c35032d313ce34244cbaa0e35. The hex-encoded ecdhKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 016ca7330ea0 a216376803717001269aeb8a94083b20bb3a1a709f8aeb322219759d9ff7872bab303 e357f78507d423f59d3e2206e67537aba75280ca7937e250b5b. The hex-encoded output of multiKeyCombine is 6c514547454fbb8ff7308c80d79f59d1cde7d99a2fe2a2a1ac4e31114906b186. The hex-encoded session key is 371de99d254c0a0d4ee2c1b63d2a4956bbfe84cdafa4b264dcc59b80ece9d8f4. -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- wcYyBiEGwixnnEAonfgRH9om8cyOymwI3LyOIM6qx+a33dOwQLtlBAHliD3b8VxI9YtnSqmHWkQn jwsafUVKHzrpGhoWvlZiciIQjV4sNA7RqshUbf91SF8Qe5OhCbYawZ/CREjmLkfq0gFrVR45u/Js BBPDeWXjF/utF/9leGXlmvWo9yj5xkZeOPDTgNv/yFRLk3kMAxs/oiyw9YzWmPnn0iLYV7tD+1wW 7Y8GMye7iGCGGzNPXrDy+EUBt/QrKq/YS16O+VbzGtkunL3FKuOnIgXUmizJo/NdWmPsEsjRyzoo LyXag2mGGYgAxkhDIxnanfCoOruTGR+l6vNBVsXn+8rQgBA9MXVAufEJAOGIu1r5cj0/h+Ovn6Rb QIzgvQhLBjs0PAGPa0Dmw7A+0BjxnlZdg07UJdLjrrlIWr7TE7Elk+iQY/X+pEbebkAqCcbTNDx5 u9cbKq7Kj0YqyhZtAMSNDMsY+mjRigqqG4YbdjxDM4SDLhITv8E38E0EF0BXKgwp5QQohl3fHFsr od0wyuZ5UUac/rdeZDxwwqu4OH49SBN+VIgbtLkraRHtiiLYQTISAhtrOJAw+xN1mW9QVfdr/oQa rkCakt5mlcNf0TIEzVrQ22Ypl2Zy9HlZ2rsGZy8+9kj27RORDIQdd8Qdm8cYXsk+7Gg7kotCvYE9 qjp3ACfQN93dIdK7/P8A6UfdggS4O/7uqZSMP3kvWxPVS2dVXvQbqHr8OoYZ7kof1BPZe5GgTbMl zLji329l3En9wKGgNY5yTJlE4VFB//yphNuLiXeHzIaedSl8Z2B4yqR2/FZuv2Y+LTe1vZhCKliR Ir0thr0XT81DpIEdGHIpaMSQ5POB5veZ3u/v1rR8d6l/eS3gbr06r0UnN1q5lceB3/4yGG0/6NY5 ume9BHRRTjmAm5tTSH78Zm7oJ+ahls6uo5cjjjdC5A2YoX2JEcaluroDaexHWWd4vuCvoskL0RB5 jqj1fQvJIguvnrP4NvEqu0OBKrmmz162l2x6LYViDTvLPv8RKhEwzcQgBmOTi728UvKTcu9jCHlx Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 57] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 uVGwtDJyVyDjHSqjY+cQPZCd36VzgZomOYHfoSm1PYgw4GgaYo8AnUoCORLC4ie/GQjZscZV5Dul 0f6+uhdiIt+KRRtj6PUdCttL0nOYLwlByaDPXyGcKCXfa17bn/6pZOKEtq96EtjQKR68AUgY+RAa H0PP0x1ovvlU0X3lCmgdOjWqPuI1cf0blCRSXIsrjo1IWGqIMz7LbGHt2m8ds1tJHF1+ahRD/rcw jgU7AYC+KzYFspZzKWa3pRfnWCdWXrQWU4vfilP8uVWvFzuwM4tDX0muznoKyOz8v3JgtPZQydnm 57xbRWXDIXzKL3qIObPTT5yONh7RuVFiqZ3iX2/CbvGQvNzSLJEK6U7k70uklevpUYVxlWLefyv0 REbuPe/LbpgPBerryf/6iygmTlBu0EgrZ5NPIPP0DCjjDzbpimo1XzEx+/o1oAquhvgGCwKY5PTy l2J9Lq6TDnyOa88XRewdXT/uPX58lVNWNqORJ3lZFQOMf4l2Eqm8KxF4tp2brSFkF9UaP151lZSC ptFk6adOaoEDDg8ygj/y2P1erorWC1s5FkgA90r28BOkB2kpUdqBrVNEyIMPWqp5iR5cyQ5Usn9x tFtDJtdXMXfh1HLUYgcMMnm60PadlD5XU3p74u+azjga132c+0Ler0MVPieREalb/Nj8F2iNYiF6 cIhswOq86E/uW08GNzbJ+AF/fsbbNWtcBvLQohjgcQJdFFP3bTKrKuQzeiS3ZSKJ9y+fszyxaP5T xNnC2Jz7f40f3v+LR7lcYhpe1dzqcHjEk0zuqMknTq2UkqBOyNpzZMkFysQfolPmi39WoczlZlVp DCFyNlLhNhrgnB3J7vWvx/Cvm8szqSXtvkdax87KVZ5D5irKHLyizIl0J8MCdOyTy591Z7AV6RJJ 3+Ha53UOQgwMtIk0/aDFobu/3KGTYtkoz0YHIas/SFmI4T9fdvebgMeGb8+XrDyCC1luxQGWD+/F WUWGN76TqpWPyPUXgEy7b3hfSlsr2gRQwAxAJ3JcoVDXsC1XlOML70O3gXekMH1eIAXEr4BhwUyn 3/7EF+h2fFFQJ3l8+B3E+8kUDzrc+4dMmhCPqpFAJ/zBjBJrO7BBJX/PUBvNjcFwUFgD87e9JN28 dhAYYcAGukZHx+favp/UEMDVC1A5CSNgJ/wSSW/w+JHJqE+zRCLNYUicOTl9P+o324QNdELjTXnm 3Di8EDc//6ixCnl7mLiQ/Sm4FxIL9HPmiDwA/ZnPKPT4BbKdix+mHtWhcvq9k6wsmWO1XQXZ4Gxa 3kPBaqVCylnpGqcDfYrS0rQCCQIMMnrmxM00oNxu7dKP+73nQ3cXV/OVylHYiSrbJ0VVUnsku+Wy 2Ym/YtFfGjJP9kALi3Oed52PJdYmfBe2nKFl2myKfU8TofAkttbz5oxgDAWJGs1k+RikxjtDbfq6 7rPnZ/KLZpYmFgaXxtNmaTVhRLOyxHtikV3EN1NpJbTMJ4RR+wT/aGAW/uh1KfNmvrZ7xhLbcvSG 7XxKznfuFXh0eF3dg89oB9OJ6dTbaoPPdq3N7cppDJ7Q5fHgtuUHR411H5fwGh9i9cr2Z0/8PiNg dATVK6z+CvJIhBtzcY/0zvYEvIHbCCAQglgkPhXqLuHky5+hqovjUnWeNLgfvN2hlFv6TFEifbdA VA04g+SHlO2ddlDL91KeW4HwbZrZb1k2keTXWGMA9dLzkyqiAOV5ZLQ1vGfptaw8s21wC9Bq7ZJ5 iEBFdr1XhW1QuN08UfFkRvEzwLYWUeS0FRLX98EZkv/4aeJyMcRkC/8JJnNi9qYFI6rGJjBkHTam E1KRq3W5ZDx5gfAlJybucrSIrGaq3Lvmz1kcsb9qdEcAEIqwzci2a0e3PetEJTheLP51FUYv2dJo g9gzfP13raKB4cUzXYIBxnuVuGe9wSpn3O2/hEhs+X4Zn+DPtseFI+OdgQ6at30TrZwrXxjEQddV 8uzJhmmpMPJTY+d0Bnzx2jur3I1UkWRkAD7oFfOl8eI3FxAEZmkH38RPgW2zu2eDZvLH3FHuQ8zc MJLTjDfA9CBz7Fogo46p026MeCgAFbLw4HQBAK4l9uJ/YILIeUKaM08czWFmQ7dr7aik5pUq2SSh RRWXkMr1YkFC3oI1d+efASf+CUhP0zsLhYCaWRCubrQ+uToxHdo7qqAh7yYgs001uXrV8RzR1DeP yLwAxdbOcl1QnzhDWdWPCCofpDvH7ZVCVdMC4Qum8WHtrgmmHMFf1/GBmy1hhq5AL0/Kerp5V+/V Z+Gd0+dLiEL8j9QuYB+hMeuwneg2OsSHToODWPlxOTj51xemqkRX3xrAGOrsxa+PZDSBdVUH3LHn XOs2r3KkcNltP3Di+SIMuA3eK0lp23bz1/rtocplMiHZSz7oEtazNE/EtZ8bX8WKKW8ODictm6gU KVivhgKtUL4gSFuzOX357QI7/TNIDyLTn/piAGXNIWYj4HmBpUIaWkfkXH6TbbamCwi5u+ihk1tQ N3R74jYymNbAFcDKLS4P+xMRcrozFFrDtnscop6EUMLf8Z6poLSEOHBHO28k9r2xHafaeDkb1JzI UliLlGM5MV36Eex3jl4mWN9oF1zSE8RLThTW69Xw7Fcl040KW66SvMBgTw6HlL7CPdCpJFcTwJzH dSRsOoDQZFtGKQ7le+8w4qeFtQ7yFxV+pCQomFM9FIpkAM059It7CNKp5vZw0XQt3YRN0qaNCWEz +Q06HDuyYp9wpDFD5nCY6LJu1SjUTxIk/g2YL3frWF+D9h8rze8xpK1Yi9mjpjqu56oi8CujYe9f OO0EmJGMykRVlIX+tR4iHiai4Jh1l31blplndZcqhUg6JIckjh7P0DRsizqaIpanhULDNYKmP9KD 4OCRM9BerGVgnpo/Q+VnfBsr/6L8PkTuNtVLjrM50+CLH93/B32kYyDAnxD1Rb9WMryTcrmjt6Rz G7y6P3j6pNn8LOIga/p0XRUjM5A7JCNhhXcyW8a4PLk93NmjpJcpqvowRi3Wk4KPzG9LQufdbbWZ +P22quk76RlAecp9hCJ4zpZVv5iQ3qx10aNNlH21yxIpptU2qGoVV+Qz1i1JDq6hzJIM4F+sOYW/ MOR+mBoxYypzc1VR3tiXy0NQww4PCKXtGym0ubtVc9P6tZn3az9FPS94r7pAwgBB+6bGfaJ76iHl lvRfEVSkZ3iOOo8nfs/6xelZp4mULtW4RaxL8yBqbzLhhUH+RNwx8g+UP4o9eN6Tb4ZJcVuHt/cJ /xOCsbL/EKzEyM3oiuVQ6wh3WcQmMFX71vPN/zVjoV5dWz3CHO/dfILngRj6RlG9D8Qbml8GeAWK PdFGeS5eVRn9+RtARD8zb6Dsn0n2JX76Y+TEie2AAr1+frNGN7pFBKhDoF/SZOL9nsgVvJsgNOPv q4RgZ/5cbGxMShLVvbODV0KrEP2MaG3D9Gz8dpN0LP58NcK5Hhfo6j05VhyAQlBL+3gAZyfn0F2O v81krkwiPu4tVeEnWnPsxU0gKf9KMij5UvQrE9lpVNOpLMh5k901GAdlilkOXPYWrHYrnmH/HeXJ KAlodMl101tSggFlcx2qM4JsbFQ7kf8KsaARD/yyScv4ZDcBAhdyKEd+esejgPGsf0TP6YYBkDsE Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 58] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 5iBQEsZFIAJ/ygEeW0u2VEWpBm67C0oyc41VbmzrJrbMwEzpiRw76Y10NRCS4PxxZRNvcuZ50hzX +EidrWnr0jpUgk/84bbyfOiyMW9FHm9YPHw3mQ5Fjby0kcAx13Se2Gv0rURfgu6GBXEYSNhgRUG/ EYq5dU1U0D4iEdqnqMZuChiv5DNxzpPKFsvXvjdgbFEnJABkQpHybKhhuTEJMuQvOSBgAeGAihOJ UmOUHv3J0w5XD+pfEAkUZt8zKgXomNnwsDpbXnWh4uCI3DBMZyD8+5+kRgrpRHdnnBOO9GewWqxq alIpKAEau/yrvZAPP8wYa2GjU93gq3dCXgo15izeTJ81jRUhFyEKstfLmZsGjtCD0i+ta/qFNS1p 0U4Q3mR/EhcEOPIUUYdFHIpvwr94T2iHcFoYl1VMXWyS1Z/579CfUr7Kx0TFWlJS7aiovabD318N pxcBHuqSFEJfll4/LGQn0Of2g6Sce3weSH2o1BCamREphztNn3ryeRLKNHe5wivtHm01CarybPmx 9d9Nt2SGISIxUGEtM3fjZRpPFugEv+CPFKL9mIqQaFpSKbUPs+0YYKE+j/7zC9vXVCxQRMdGWL1H GsS5k9AVYDOX1nrCXc7NAdagoeruio0M5ynB4lBZNW8rtvG9cCULZx9nEP/WKzOwDSUK24SQPWYG 9hg+YrjtLUDwwklVVjHcXDxbrRIcW0IH2EwSLnh+P9XDVhdnFmi+1J7rXbB4LwGYIqK0TB/gDVIS POUsSajjg3RSCsYELt/TJoA41B7Vfe2u9FXtdET0NFbl9f/v0L60LoUCvxI5tTZI0Nmv6NaYxT97 6IoR18GMT4Lh/zg4InxyquLalaWwjB1dJTEGsdReX90RWFpf8xd+TbCySP4/NGsn0CLNFmebqXIa OQ4U3+sNMHsCXn3aqE49lhKmCvqZC+DaU5z651/+T/b0UHz+yJRJOUXYDNlQ1c/rsIkhJ4AfTzwt MgqhWUcgrjoX00UOg4BOWS57ER62gspK1o+pBnSVOtVkEYRlAnRivqSbEMhowCHYYxUbxajsuuGX Hg1HODy8MGEb7OoronygnC8IcOXFrLJoktgKJwsjKLiJjlfWywKy6rppVDhN3ReR1BUO3vjn24ZJ Db2hJX/4Zdx+ELhK/QcXpEMhoU3x8fJcijTKsUs5ZHZEspVO63e9vCr4RBvBAz49fdmp94grGVBb dQXE/I5buh0rAPfZDk+FVAs8bXnIFBaSTkAmep20UzzCRV5G9P4+hPDYRyqfjxl6f6zKUR4aYRts 9UibQiC7D8LudgCN9hF1U1Zn08p+nA8n1HtxAZFoigjx6kjz8F4HBOfkQyCXwpkeIfCM33/1ZlTs 43cg2/fXScid0nzQ2neB+HrBt+tvTqXo7qGQMDUdOKrKOppteov2uJ5idZErpsMhDwTfxgjkCZFO X3e2fvIXOKEeVFRriOGMMaJNERjM37FNZNrkMdxhsxFipAdRzzXplOf4coJUs8X23+OKUqEcDD3f 8VQBJcdXZmwh6TX69B+pOhObAarW9YknrPAq7N/Y2UQJHG9WuoubsJMkDBsqgucsKRvEAc90YSqz 9ugRl4Q9Shiiu4HeV9CWJ2L43kZNPD5QSkMWDxPDNer2xL8L4W2pNq19H7THC/7X0YpV/RVJFBKB FAnSrlkGmMTcC7HOdUblLA9HjT6LdF29xxdR4V1HDlRSMZx6aaInC5FcPyYn3OWAt2QSxpznB6gd FpsW/e26lNq0+18P4pXLw9HN/TwMeq++prQAwDXIwOLjcJe6CPH5F3Au/LHgC9ULRaW5pRHSfHlF lTyWKgxV8v9N3qdQ7sD7xneTJtwMosoZeyMO3YFBZY5w1Rp8wEB1wX2SDduiZMheclj9aUm7KY0N tnAStO7rhYGRzmSPg2s3IsW+we3eqdsPfEsfcxOHYQcwNCfWuTUnNPGULOBPT3wfzizXXdBawPWx 2Ls09R0Zynoy2GtJlDS6PoGjRCBg6ZGmoaqpzsZ0NNllVazRCjtc6KoFPTXxONHo4QmCgxdXhzNb j98wzYWIzFlSBvjChw+RSpX1jsDNSPgUPfjGbyNsQVUaQEP1RJQ2aEOznQ0h+GTA+22MLnzTbw9l wT2QSPxL7DPH9aqlQJ7dVsPj85BMuVt3PdLWGGV9vS1QYPovtO20fCRpyAW3bv7Qn20a7/GE4nRr LS4LeMShBa4egZHzXr/wibSkNBV/TwLQOpw3HxHNLQtHkrCk7Lq4gpMSEnq/u+CossB+4tWxf9xg /1tobIJyd1rUw5rMhELfqsUHusekYMABv9Z5pRfbvW4XRXvseQkbpxScHDyabafN+6e3XNEp9Wz3 jgXsIirYVFuk+VfHs+lvKVMzjmQs6qAPQIfA61guFNA1VgafkSXmjMug5VcS+A+ZDZp+1Sfeexac anM3DtxFIR+gFXbUVlFsBLH6QGDMgQ9VkLD5rAyIyhsCjZUrNMHWA3LommV0sLU/wjzQNp/UigSw JP/8s7XxuKl1h7GMslBQM0Of+0Moy3g6sBJ3a53s2PFM2k4P9kZvZ5jBVwh4dL/1GZdG0SiJZyfY Bm93/B+IuVkP2pNk1dVokhqDAYYVRaVQsKwYM80ClJ/XRZtEYGP3jUvzt398daoSBYBlSIrlPLjp kGEnuJ7+2YAmv4kpIzd5fWmvEixJT9CPCEcZ3L/skPovVACX65ptBHrtPYBRqjwzHf9y1oTYaz5c hQWoLCiElsPwMgCu4ERBb9BNxgqHPujfNYV7Q/2mPmE4USI/Fly0VRQhdd4mKuAZGk9Cb13vbsFL fWlQr5TFsKT2W0qa6oRiJwraNm3OuNuGEtvi7+L9LMlgULmlpJqcVfYLFfo46pqdxhbq+WpnHVcq Ba8bP33d4iQJaEAN/ctXjKEnS+dVuUZA5ficH82TSvaVvQWeo7RUYiWn4yeL94PKF/PM9mfnlQor OPkIyVOHa13a/guRhASjIqQstTyk1jhkmL/jhC1zdaLfWVvW/XOaNFN0VNiHlyNGh/9rX4l2wrzF Lu1+J9BcyalvfXJN8dASntJkpk1YMUkTkMSkOQA7GYIsRIkCS327pyLH+Grcbm/obcG9UikhVOi1 VcdkpyTz3O92mT1827Y7XBN9xyIWAS2jlZcbycC5sXTOPFz/e+CHsH3pehSFUne8x/UaWheDRAvf FhYAa+1V0esKLMq7wgGQym3YDbaER6uU7g/ziN9cbIAImQT+dt3kUbc3m1AdSPviyXf9UQvZudlD vGMXG4k1M8zpVWCnu2S5grPCu231mNmUAFgytbUVmLYYxYePtFUmIMEVWPoGBPK8YggHWxhRZXHh 1iCPOQxbwfdKblgrEcBtAkHP4cs8I50hszadi/6xWipYTnRg0RDMgzxAfu/mlhk/p1JNFHs9imfo WhPMWN1HLAExfhfJSTvzAEnSy8ib0PtOntBcaO/Rft5N8ZJOi2aNVey7+1BPyXXC73p9iZnySl95 1gcuH07hRA0lJOVXYf7OFXQyZdJ1Ad2UTVNnplLmm77Z3cGvMuOZjyhHnhcuntP/Zb+DwbboaNKb 3dX3IsXfEUBQ4VLEcLbI/oqZDTFvovHXm2gMSoHso03LTLJIkg6grfkLWbu+NPrggaFb69nBjIpR Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 59] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 06i/SVRLyYf6pv9mE4RL5rxOHjk0jHGNHvK7Gqpw8eRRRpJDdQCe8gc6oNhnNQbEYfBIqpIhEGc5 NtBXOHXtn7WFr4azKYabaq+uCSZR1Ik3ZoatZvkzjlwuc5X6miYiIuhdt2UDBzlXgLAus3A29o2Z 3Uvtvp+u+Y++xnTiyTIXCHnDh8BzB3QVXc1OaMqeQWTIqRnjIq0EiT06t90/MPYXW1RNz/MKNJn9 UDsoFP539YXkrsWA0TKn4praZ7PD+BjoGfzFIcJAZCOZVvkGPcbFFt8cznZHh+wQPIY/fksWvLhD 3NDsmYsG5zDgMVgrif3a1lEnQf0KQ65znYA132J0MrOh4M8aKhKVAwVU8DBc6TUf7LGgQ0l5ql2j 4MQoeugFXDh6SUKkj08b+1lFp9p7oO5HsO0l7tXjqVgK0PQfGnKLpeYtmb0pv8MEeuiCVjFBvPx9 sevEhbyvQjfABrN/BJiuroPL6UxoLE6x1JI7R+HW+DwFrn3pQYD5QYsE/+1rzJZ1Tz7do/VKjGyI /ddFjuFaqh0ibD9IqpsNw11WCQPTh11ni3rVoaoOTILV5hfxkI6iMyjqZrdOnNszgJzgQqPyFxT2 pjpNTYqMQDDiyqXgFc9wF8MN6WObuS42z6R9O6ODEzyvNNh357Q= =4AzV -----END PGP MESSAGE----- A.3. Sample ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-brainpoolP384r1 with ML-KEM-768+ECDH- brainpoolP384r1 Data A.3.1. Transferable Secret Key Here is a Transferable Secret Key consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-brainpoolP384r1 Private-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-768+ECDH-brainpoolP384r1 Private-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature The primary key has the fingerprint 6a498c10ff01ddfb1c28d0af05afe75d4c0e625d73fe8ab3cca227bd162d57b7. The subkey has the fingerprint 408b08b20df93c6abdefb25d87a642766e6455caac621e8ca8204234de7bdedb. -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcecBmkMvMZqAAAIAQRY0rnw8Y9EyWOE7sn+aA5NHjXfN/FhDXbp8Eq51BIWz2KR5lvluxO1Rqp2 9irSUQBq/RE0ABhnObLSStsxQd/SkkG7rzd2ot/GYdL2m9UsOWbboQXZKeib8GiZA+yhWwvp3boY k4Dgqc30/QYdjducbWHjN5uoOgyVQfmrP3ig66j7GAWF8Hx2rBd0/Ffb8/AD9Y7ifnPVYt8VjU7e tI5ajX9ppVydUTaeeeSDKJukIwMhdzVjvA6s5WgSq695JKyQSgRix4ZOenTRtxfSIh3VzSzXQSTf Tw4jExgWHqpkME6WKW6lQXEQQ/LmqJM0PNMUNvHCH04kThvvoI4xTyr3ILsv6oMbBld7DvyMLMf2 4o1QmD+87fsebpqlpmh74JMHvk7vyo/dQSQPr9pqyXsxRav96ZTuG8EKJed8gJZyP9cpbyRmpx9Q grN9vVpIQDifmZyCX+GD1NWzuJlBKe9Adle+/edJ+GrwzT3fEd7wzb2I/Nuk8n80nSocXv6q52rS 2Z/d7sr1Gffm27mjtz88ewm8hcU1pCY8iBGCrENtRuyDrDNGkHf6M9gTNQzydPyWRNtGm2ZGhRux gobqYTyoGFo+kGW3uUIPTygrp0R1Qhnuyu0kID10sjSNbDrAmEXUlc6pa3+Z380UZrZTX+nnwePX Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 60] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 lg/2lhiGtj76M1TBHsGSA/E0YLQ/A70mU+K5XwHyU/ScrtKM7q0ZxIEdhj9t/dA4OQFPGKor+c12 HYxlsfFx/zBcDXVEZ7AIyuA6xCLRFJ5Iry+Lt40xzSFdV+9a1i1mVsDPoT3Uwe1MVlv8iSYEfdN4 TNCz+xC3/h+y4Bj5PNU/7QMdkMLXaHj19+XP/PBUjIe8e2QkFeQ1rAKqwQ54cO9POThHUoq/L91E n7C7q6pey+2RO8oqRojLJwwk9zyENgVfeqN9b4dvc2C4hdcdNZ8t9xSBpuFUQ1BpLpGOzTDQlKnw DJUt9OfFN/qrQYB8iW2nQvUFDjX1hMRrG9nrOZIgqwInhY98f5DT0tu2tHS0BUShIJ7aHN5Hom0W e0KXSY/fmt8tpSBxS3ghw4OZDoJMMIXwlrOTx/TNYWO3RQY0XofJ5EwwtAIObx1R+a1ZMxWxDHnZ DCLw+gGnkU23o0+9t8wK4fma2hK0S3YdI8xKQYcq7kHbKIjCjG7vNomUgv17PXJaPMCJYFwTtu/D LCnDLsvjxvlhz1PHr9rUtDwcq3mbpsPtvXQDRmatZHmGv+iF7F//K1aIafVXru0M6g57mDy/7R4U +ynQRP1m1CBLOFNE9yKOosJ8vH+9/42xSdVTSNkiGsn8HKVzFbsGeWxovhPd913sXzeB7Xj5z8+j hNNFOzilHe+igWV5OZfMk7GRc3ZFE8s7yj4IBdEzMqQMwa4MjJr5KMxXjqLkIA9QWxAWPk43yD1A 83u3yM706IVxSH4EuugcSsCKGAeEkoEL4FETOcRHTk+oyGFt3hp3JI9TfgxeSeHOEYYJWj+wm5fs alm02GWyXQPNt+fyEs1dJkvlfrDNBHoqU5J0RpPMw9/2hcSXkoQbPggsCBz1zsrezGoZjl3FvC6r HttDlwZJAB143fpSf0F2vmrdhiSwwEjl8hkNM5yIVbFdjlEH9BFIixfZGxBYue2hqzsF4ppBXuen QzxC6K9jpwTz9/RaTTqHu/XyvpGqYpKCNua54YQfGzEbixeyUtgEZZTeyO4j0Cak1EOd3lYJvp2/ BiQ4XmMeVfuYwKlx4Om9ERC4JoutQs0iLHzia5K4tKdto/Mi6LpKArYSpahOyc8cVHRWLDET/bVS gDDPRNTrS9BKnJ8KCxLrnHz+0NqS1K53eExdXch7MdDjyqAW+2egtmfHPG2YDLdW2b2TN7tSwEQR N+mjBwdw5DRZ6c2uLWV5nGuYSaaQeMNdyfkqkpav81Y7c6KpsJmF1REcCxdz+VOwykIcEH+v8nSo 15UVsYbKsEEd7jzAU3yvLNnrXxdCUF3nN/T/nQX/xKChU6Dqxj+9aHqXIa0a6RuEV+QeTvXCETBn 5iE0wZsiGnuCHetw3oragwd1yI62jh9wZlH2qPqMYubFMRnbNhSMOGgeqy1IxynH9o7v9ov3YwUj vic6RXnfSryLl9kFUWSoOX9CFS3NucEqVRUME+FOhAN6wCItBTsaGSubfkdskvpqskfuG1Mx2Cab 7HuYhKZuLRUb3SIaIR53GMklZqhZ2n/CHcaZaVggnMjO6xFb/0E+IZQ06hlfoKzYn6QdWcyAAqU/ HUQyDVW0p70ftkNBePPj62TuAS7Jw05KFXlpscY/Cqvgn5KTsJ7gt+19mPCQz0joZk+va6NQorU5 CmIri1AeJ4yXJJHXT3gAT0y6KLMeiGTenzcsCC1MvEme/xwQsnJl9z+VVUlPzYyGVzKNSpjbyvkY GwVVOXcVfoxMiPFbRKpa9NqFSweLsf2qdz3G29aStLaBi7duFiWxhlqX3jSisZounzOPp1mf10r/ OzPBGtDqfTe/jiEsPmHf8wvuzSgi99a1UQmODtP9e0+60RDcAkTi3SXSJH1NnDjH10DVpB0vbpvf AOiX0wbC+0IvRE7eily0uojzyzVOElMit/wNRbvOqpdR5YxF7YGD47qIfwuShmNUjgfC8uHMWz4l BzErErVjtxbLU64w8skOJ0F1r+IeQIviH9GQGje2uzYeVPi273Gz8r8syN2LdmU7DWQ0/2/44ZgF DCP+kI+t6AlE5ABpVff8a9FiNP7WxebMb+JwD4eAAQoYRhyVAyKj0GWCSP89oMoMGwY3o2PoHF0b QhAjepoPRjihrY2KUYv254EAeHvzgFJSoiuiWC23wNeEEsLM8gYfagwAAABGIiEGakmMEP8B3fsc KNCvBa/nXUwOYl1z/oqzzKInvRYtV7cFAmkMvMYCHgkHJwkCCAIHAgIbAwQLCQgHBhUICQoMDgIW AAAAAAA+thDvNFjY8Mp9wi45uvS1heLyLm1Z372zR/FfYTqaFj11W/ByoLo+XXlXkMYZqVfKW90m L5dFMU6+MI+9s0zMJjE9Kp1IhbrF93sBe6Av+u5txIkONMqy1jnOcVKTK6Sg8smrVRzVzbkIcNrA 1eFQHscOEmi9jE8wj1GcRKAP3MCsIoyM4sgrNTjkC7BTXX7xzID2IXPszaVXapynD2sJspHCuTCb TeIN9LOSiXhbgrZyhCwvXt3TXI+FE2oxaXc3e1j6wicotZtX7pnaKPHNxQURdwjc6zfaVlKonIGz sf+pnC8sazljsLWjqMXk+BAA11UQXILGomAL+WqtibQV61jEqlOl/mQMOumA7VUZ6DauOVJGZrgr RoWqes9fbPdFp3mJHfYDSHso8O2FSKDc9+3PprDILIf0RE71W1A+2ZjSX3kGcyDglqyhPQAAiACe hiM8dGpmRv8bHgq/48GE5Uh5ASpaf0ZvV7wyqkROa8R7CPHgrzuwv0wcgjBFC3c8a8PKAWQD9Eq5 p+HPwiQNkpH35qLs9PcQr/2JWSmZFGayPIExCCvqk7DKol3rcXOyvfeLX5j1NgpOMF1rIiPFaVzh 1iKYB/df9tHg16bOoq7ZL1aPeX6qwK75D1Fxi0FV5O6CjgWD5lEYQgHXl6xr+S7UDWD2p6w61Tpa mBhiNWXeoqCjOyrnA2jZJo+mRxv4RSj9XnL/afgJ7qI9ii48YIjfG+9wXdSIszva6lcldAJ0fYYL qSjUOf8WxicOYvIz1gt6oYTJFa/kioOhjkvSMG1WK0stjoj5d9lavgjhRM8wDwz24V+joFboXxkm l8Cqp5q6OsU9t/9ty/x5aB7ruUcctkUgZByqW8RIP2c3dT3FI9w2RjeAbdpBjDATgB3rloID2wGo ZcVAzHsVPPQvbz+/uxAgli7bx5JPx7x44Wv7iTITtDjL+YouKtHGtMdDKjB/P7ZCmDp28X04jsQX fMMQKUmdCvfXFAcTnvIjt+MLpiMwlID43RysDHbfiqmrRKcjBQeLAfLU2sk2gIyLz+3AxbH5sfFw P63/x9++FG/FKv2FNpwoZ8PoKmSe0ydtByl3Yi9pusQsEI84NYjVyy9xUe1xXvpBDaUiexj5FsCk GSfapPvtK8xynjUV/pkrPuQMPy9f5ML5o0aUg8yOFBRwjaMnIHDdUCBCrMFSnJgaOm1vg/jtd9Mh JrIpzYddc4T81+88qnvell7fqvhOeTtlw3NcARYHXRXyfTGatL5kfZLalpepe5UxzLBagqfOr8qG 2AVVf1U1hYUS2IY+2vIiFYgL4yhk+YI+25BjpP2RcaMLz0gfb9Tjyt1HoPzP8/x8lcsdofI2krwV Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 62] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 5GHy4bfwJ1hsUa3wMfHNLwu0iDH6px++z1TIIk2TYKFCLyFDmSKqmaTyR3IMuHtjpJ1KfCf6aj6t tvm7TKkMdtOktZf9uMKrRBgmZ1v93HvHrJVJr0AIy9eppYF6+iGaZ1E+o8sXThF1pxdKrbcfcf5x hnT6yjpemxOvZp1kJdhyDIuTUfnmm++yGbP4kVlOsTyFd/L43iYOI35GlXV7bUtUp4Al+wgu0lHs 8MNw9xTjxmkQ8wcg2UDBTH81kN6M6OvqKoCh7CtlHL62raG7yVYwzvLk8/FFeN2INryECSfjFNJs e+69Sb6plY+vPz7t4QWX7CQOapKz9p+nuJ0fRCJAGqPn4PMrIceFroYCVPrTr+VzA6Cid7HSCfWw Hx+jBxxkFZ6KSxArlzdn6wqjQQBvWp87/G5+EayTPDMwA8mu7gPzWOaLx935IzEA07xrIp6IbS85 N8nU1WwKLxMXIwzGky25+mGbP5zJ22hA+BUKMAv7iMOXk7JkuAohpReEz4GxD4Y1t7FOHHNi/oMW Fd2zHs1fqGWZHVgw4emMd5wtuPyWFo89hdlcW9J9/RDg2CyIxg7navr82qE8TdvnrkIIECmT9kFc Oh4BkAN8RbNkNyq0v35MJQ8DuBfp/s8sevHDBzoBa78P6ds36U/XJfIGr1E9i3fasothEoC2ogBw iICDMDbbQ0pRrIvt0CjIdjaO4EwiqijCZ2FA1h4HL0HZQpRZxmgELjAS9a6LpJYovDKE6vjrGx2m Rc2iPnC4363JvB0My997rQRSO/VYKliKBUhzILQ4S48rXWu6rZROPMA1ShOHEhzzmuFGl1HPaGZ0 eaHihX/1Q0Kp66aFmRQs3CdBjqTprJmk/hNeVPxArDIkQR56WAHshCUL8ZRxDhBXvgIfmVz0ZCnm wqjlj4WEL873zNyyHCZ5Wk+6waHgeEt5lduCxIgJHAqDMhQ4oO03BNn02dZVTGA+IAac668ckX4G kGXIiSxFZH/zPs4SGmhORrYDWRbQtQCU8CqA6qebIX84xhcKqehu7wBEs/miCEUYXCsFPqD9JY/R 6fzwWWCAqiNzEtjoLb2u3JK3aTxLhG1WCzzfLARLJ1zN8aRjZS2RIkN49cce1WrytJQBnzT245p+ slpkVbJdr8RVH9nx0Qtoo7tXvb4drh8CS/zvVHR3fNuHiOpXbzG1807RxIyhFEFU9auYHqrKsRgl gcjCcYm7ucEl/xkNOsbJmcqVE5qqCkaTikC2ssuSzLepNGj77VnIgiyTEN2As4ZT9odqH3JeCz5n EteWb/oJSUIisFAY+wHUYUSA8UYx+aLbWnvcr4K4Lxs0d/iuJekUCe+WsjgxeOlim6Dv3ix//79+ jkZ4d2266ZJye4aHrZXYqm9l9WPYABrs71u3OrxU3jMuqa0STgS7RRxNVhdMjNvhGEkmXmfpu7Qk soqzmuSuqt2AMz5oGk6sQnV9lONjgvRMaAia1qsbGa+XERaASNyANB8u07TAYw0arpwYc94mU4gW Fy/96ozNWf7sXuRurFy/PTvoZChw32/RN3lmaimMDBJvGR2isFvXEwmU0HySBYi2byRi0RFHoMKc BMbkGZ5yg/deZX7Pb4L3NLQeyHjewBYcDQmq0Wh92RCPF4MMeHgX4X0RfIzQLtzhw43/iMeuUYaW yfso3YRFYmJBwDASijSGK2z0KiMD/y0nln/OmmXIa2ylZSg/0FdVrJyihABoiNekvQZtc4A7wDZD cJ7MMZvBIjrDT++7IJb65Tq3NfTz/gWQghqNgGPD2IHDCXeuiKcszD/61RqKEW/WmKKSj5o5ivgl BgukdFYokSDD4gnYDAS8A0w079UqcuW0ECQEBOZgS/xNpr/qP8ETKv56Nnk/o4yq1M9UgjUubDLH GqD28wXJKRMd3/nqaB9TSjTGhHfCZ0BI1o2XBKo9afy1xUH6PZHCDpuaLds8otmX0m5c75kQ/zLS 8TannVMATG55OjsngbWbPKFj15eprmn1yPwz+9YIgAoWFazn6EIuDJqtC/mi80NE1zMaZ7va/urg uaJj9q+L7kwmsW4Hnai2pFotomPnPpttTw95SPCZciVv5KkGVw58ijkASOZXnirXI8Ds3FWPShQp 59Ygtyr4i8dyriXW/pTZRc79jRe/6G7pnNEbKdkodVhw/pv/bCDa4nwYiGSBnIz3aFDmCAPJqzuF MXi3KiMX7pWFj9/sz0QRCn7Gwmh2f4cGBBr6QYLTh6bi9ysXxhXIkvqa+iBdHutCL9oHN9wOrVhX FqDvBibotPlua5IpGi8rTUo/1tnfYJ/OUjo6iJo+HPR4ibf4fvDW8Xs0ue5jKxR9+F3NElNSe4Z1 sEp5tkzn6eQgyl2z+Z0BkLB7TUlOxw7PQDMiFRadW5hPfLbkr/zYwF9aebfZaZBDLZMeD1DgFvuR iapMn42rLHf9u2oNgxsJmKrk+92matvXJnOVdEuY6Y2bcKPpHP6UoOzHGB8geW9sfa/osBuoKP8+ P2KGLFR0m7Vm3bpkHwXlIiPH6gDuNcfO88l3GGSw2IwDqhuufpo7xjSsX4aDZfSOgInWgGYM7mD8 KrE8Z4ULUcel8UXqkJgswVz94ynuQgpLvUU0cekkzfDPR1C6y6H2ZGudmtLC59xgyErz7tufcjE1 +pI0/pJxTky6gpEK3XKVY4bxPb7l7gBeAiACYhaoJbvbmF16NQoHhQql0KHbiVQfFL3mFGvDJyx6 HTWTXon6RFgx/QiDy1t/8cjrBjXAbHp2YsOPku2WP2sskX5BFcscrpjp62UKgQl69kvNnkOBFVgN MPRoUCBZJdi7D8H+OEb4ulVnDCYFhzYBgPyTU++YpynvdXfabBn/viEVFeBHkjrYvJiFLMwBCra+ sDUIxgMpa6vSmpkSW7E/Wplj6r9IzSeqRzXl/Lsvmy/FicORf4TVF7kyBeB7CsAIDfePr5X1s/Xy sZdm2rtqLo67et4roNcQjrUnM090xutg+3kNaE8rpoJhMiskI4Jva/P2Dne2Qhj0lnDmvSB6/Tkx wIXwKkM0uSyQ6K3Myy1Pqo+Z0ohEnm7ce59ZiHLq3K1Xp3nK63UA4hN9hexv44JS9ttbHjbvP+po 1RjbG/GMHw5skMtZw4mxC441nwliJPexmZ7uf4T6d2JRuOEsCCqWsIbQe8GJ1vrxy4gBQoX0+6QY +uxL0rQ6pyK7ZN9CfHyclCkHmSBcfSaj3fmjFrwTkIJXygOPr1Drn3zdN6LXBzcu+g8XmqXCg414 qhat2NHIwWiDHaTPgt7xD1s2emf0osx8vdX7VB+mUsmnDTtWrRWIBQeqZolUNLwrtJhIcwB4QAsm Z/weiZE4pCc8Ami0EWLRKwKHIPKonT0m45x3MUfRVLN8aB3FFoQTP7j8cF4xww6qZRGxz/BBuThJ MazvOaiFUWzDyZf/5Yp3YEx21EFf0nxCliaIZDsHTiTPsgvviaN+qTAik057W4N1gLPwMlmmRWVi hKuesiY/nDtoQxm5zm18fKj8g+Wtgz5iB2E+lCS7jieSlIduZMwQNxBvuw2QT4VQmkhGKuHl9u9C iTlbTgzUjKJHTQUJclRSU/RBiSDQIHJCMVP90OPOmtMQ4M5N1RZ3cuZWAapbFXauIjsoqNVkdrR1 Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 63] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 2YWl1Qj2xHfkBMmvP8EGB5vmlfAi6uJ8l4Qim5Pt8tQC1qnTKzK0q6n8+F+y45fImVITFd3yuZeH KxoZTnaOK29gSaBY4qm6c87sM7w/GQhlg6IskQxxZoqPqWjejZ4aG8X5Yr405UFPgs44VaE4fjwv WK+0abscauHLhDCmu2zodcUsVPU5k+WdAsRx8VJS/VrO2LsSMemCQKdq4HIGB208Oi9fVjY7yyEq hDJl5k7qV9QJT3Jvp196EdSjv0bNag3p3ZlNdMMFTyBWH/TxAKWdLx7Dj5eNvNvOluLDKcjTUne5 yKAP5dXb2wWfru6BkVKZejAcOxjV0OU8ZMKXANLG9vFjvYyvtVFlD44i8/ungtDIelB8HaxckJ62 nJjfFRfA0An4i2J0GQxQNH8bTG1oklEH071rPIsoGaM3Cnv553p8FgatjXHjFYUcswky4NvTB6B2 IgrcHu7y06TqwK6OkAc8bLe4KDhsAKVl2Ark4/Bb5eKj0xCjFdx5+bnzvxBMDANuvAEf1eZ+F6Bi cqZYWazA9wYJFkdITYu4/Q6t8AMECyQ/RHJzf6i+DSM5S3enxscAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwgR FB8nx8S8BmkMvMZmAAAFAQRbh3StJ9XHLokwwOu1iboLwTayT5hG1bqI3/SxAioVEPs+/jPbJ4tc B5z7bIYOpQl2ItAAlh7uDBKDF2QrT0yPAZbDLNywgfJDfq0Yc3+qfTZ+D7VnWPd0oAQZyuC0KvU4 IcqUp5WiE4sHKqwtaM3K+TBhp3MhU0LQ4psbazu120IU8GCFUDH8VYRo9sKhklwOsVrQQ8256M8D EJAMZULPVX0C4alSkXBhxkeMlHfDZGUxxXAwwx3AwrReA04OeEtGmsn36Ba6ZxPRNRVI87IrWKBR 6glWE7TTGKD2XG2mdMYvBaVHPAx+MVFeqpfCm6oAKmyuvE9X9aEZ1S5LSERmu8yVAxuiC5IlfCVu mJezVTzHRW7b5bmgU3vflbMSmZoFWoLRIhvEmJ2eGklg14NISUlVGCSZxsC1FA4jVreJJ0gTY7dd soPQYQ1jYUrYRC5KunXD8JwQwnng0c5QpFSfC335MjME23S8AmneinsidY0CBMP92ZtfWGja9m1V axh346R3+JSFsQQuhws0Z5w0BAVJ6QVe8R4QLDwLZ8Gww7+1i0VcZXyQYlov8IFWg3O5EWb6ZwgF dyVdIkj4zLWhdheoVLEsWCh2S2ANMZnZh6YaCzspE7i6SzgpSme78j3ARbxxUL/3Cz/d2UCL+5PU 6T40FCKBgSkHUMMtfF18uswAAsChQ37SHEchOZ2OCHaSp45AAXLIYMiLawX0Ss5ymbxHgb/e9Ft/ YagKlGhGIFERdBac63zQWg/1Wm3yR1sfa0X/ECHb0ARS2pfcQry3sIoo5BLlpAyGOSCvibcRR5vQ Ncgepsm/aoVl0UK00FiXVMUxVMFg+xCRcQRLM2sXYjXcdSdVsp562zQil5OUZWhuCsWckBs7+h0W hLuE8yDrN679VgTGJDXmoC2jOGwlK8Pr+BpESLAuLAt/MFREI6dJxWCsEXM57H2Te5McVBLPJlhx QnIrfBnPuA2StLSUGYxf2MvrLDuz+7AWRA/LuUigOmlrQSoaMFbc4o2Hsh2Tt0hxCrHwBWniglYX ur/qtaNf65AQ2oblAH4gi3724KUboqpq4VrmzMpj/F3kSXAexSn6S4yfHCyy540X4gF2OXNbCSCS +khLgxypREXPig0A/JV7ekYk1ZjN04+sPB+1JArS5hwgeCg6BJd+93iMtKSEuGLJSFJy+p6o4gYH qVeX8wVE8GMdpZdwacu5cJ94yHJH7KBHRKTJmnbeoc76ZX5oyoySG6AMlaDIIcHccxg6sxNLY8yY 47GF88RGuosCJc+u+0yV13qk6Sf34gDpE1oO1iBtQ8olzIZnh54ChLWolmt/UCA/KYw+ixQM6snc yqrfCUwFITK+PH6EFwceEHGT67O6BDubmVBIIHLswg/g8hpHSU0v/DnK+VxeFGcbus4TlMACQrjI dqRSfDDcwyfISwtd04az9Q+T4Blllbl0wKI/yBDGtnXL2LGXxxej0L8FtMTCywyUOS4JVBDbuSPM oQAVqL/+17kaBmBqWZSxkhO6UxIW4x9dEXHAq6SYkxHqMrqfdLU1ej5HUsFuRCrCZ2zjnFhVMMQ9 mQPZd4SBe1Kg8E25cxQfAouXakVhtwqYQ7XnM6dxplrcVcdIx5iRMW72e1zrt55oWWHNWsyy5sWD S4v+Nixd6FnARcH/D9BcdfeuEVxlkPbT47xlJ1g9j6nYt0NZkTKI6zaLxwBGlXEcSrmUVzgCJQoo XH5HPfcB75iQUKap/zsNJGmQlyMk3hoK5sXshbk6+nAVPQs1wflxGa29Ya9HWcX7//WlC8t1X79Y jjmJijUfCL5gqMHyJnfy2bHfp8TVLS6kNnGO2+GaVyHbvu8orLKhHlx8wszYBhhqDAAAACwiIQZq SYwQ/wHd+xwo0K8Fr+ddTA5iXXP+irPMoie9Fi1XtwUCaQy8xgIbDAAAAAA/JRDBxEIvVEaah2b3 l2xxh50agmmsBl+GNfEIpLx4i77X/ViudFDMytlFEctuxYp0/93VWuGTsKWucsMUg1nv58rNLiqi 2fQLOEBQuxBXSi8lFWIhxDNmn5Ix0Fa1KyIwLM0X0+Yembuff7nFAOut1cWuZZsoianmVVeLTq2H KOshgrNPGxkEclHK33cgLWxoG7p62l8GQrKGzHhJoCCbfNQNsIX9CRnHLuebNK/G5abgQQJCEVx7 ShPDu/XtTKTWZ+SdN5OVjL6PMMgliQM7Xpk1cLEEoMJ1ItVeAU3OGAwj9r9s0p+IHRF2iwn5aP5t 2Qn+KPBP7ubIUtXitDFn2AUR8tXWseDFApMzKlnudylrCfQMg0rkenYBoQedcxEWsAefpKjp+Kx/ T3da3BuV2h4RYm4A0ldCqGayjRSiz5z2Zdetsogbf7hySZRYs5izYjdStbPOqAWLbkeSZtgguv2F ormuU9jx2PvR8PaGDfSnr+ngBoyIl5f/mS12IQhf+CxlHYtLAZ9ZOIeUnwtcHwO5J/z/fGfWxVAW 2uM6VHxF4a8yE4qqNXAmugI6H6OUAnlgdu419Mns8vODw/6Q1ofXXDtSoG9Omno9IkihKPRkpVtH Zm30GiK8V7KgGSLmRD38SLvQZT7WqkHU9KvtabUqzErQ5XfPmK6C/wEzFY8kr87NTNVeT01Ajo68 HRkS+na+b6smHWTGK+4nkWWwBFUHTG+B7y51gxCETS/XLmpLjSrTVTDnEqHikgGEdUemuHeEzVLY Fjf4Rv328nTlPSSyU5ccSpa91vW4jVVH5Ejtx7HuQyD1pcSy4UUCx41b+UzQkL03Ndukr4/EQGhY Q+y394XUzW44UQ7W75UY6RvpD/So84X41yFMPPCnWFivRgKKMMmxAlu4L+P5/GVQCVLDXS9dOrNZ p7o/ctkPUywQBKFuJBVdEtcJjW2xiYWgvbMsvmPkDgPaKJRJeCwutvdZ692+ekTsVRddLbelJL9o 5nuTq2wwybUb8cz+X2LsGYwzhagMnnir7pUnZRLII26KbPq1GD5OkBLI1lsumQj/+07Is7J3lngs Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 64] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 JwLiveKc1IUPvFcwL4n/7JRXUu/cC70AR2xBqcxhkzf47NhetYHEp0mUZXSz3LfsukW/pv0Rg1ZQ SzDlfVuez6VdWchDh8y9j3SFrcgQu9iUMvj+SpFuv40ttrwf1E8GZcDdmfDETvB1a4CCH7Fxw53S 1Q+w62/Rfczykr5D61M5suHTVXawuWYjUmNUTF5NyBTDUwQSSfRLblkNfF15zpw4L2PLgN2b5Jzj uFEKK6gAHWaLbbPsgwHp8L0hXguZuEDsfPHj4lUS4GTe0Fzt1gA0J+0NJWuvIR2IWfU1QsZmSpyX 1UN6KY5sxjxZnGusFzx8JhXPILLWHl+4teW4vWoxWheI4Le71sorvI/XuMa8I8lnq14x2OxLVEsG 8vNcvaty6WU3L2Dtz9N6Ws/7DC9jfvcsIj9/qNtPHomM+/mUvteZuTi4ytS88Bfu++474OjPrjdo 7K2bI1I5XzqA3vUk08/rNmKlOdX188SI2tWtI3HPkICSbburtIZrXXxCr99H3y7b8mqPnmrcnENI q7sXPbukGlAwsqRmowo1BEYpiCEUxp6ckwDoMS4eUSdspDJIg8v5TjsYUPQywJ8yx3bthGzS0cw1 eu5aGTuLDQYadC7jhpPgE0OOrUmgIBR0jvDwEXzVf/GkjlQW27btj8VleQKbFtFaJ/N540z8M2kJ 84dciFmBrzaW2p3yVdqkBTcgLaDk49hnpGNXkR0OhbRFvlczBmx6SrRg0fJbIBYrhTf1l6TsoFAJ hZefazEpjsar9IFDASPntrZA01udKb2EoCDAWcfLHycdic+8384QhvWZWDIM9KWEWbPRyPvn6LGy lgMd2XIleRt2qC0BbZ3t72AsM1bow7U+6Rk46lKb5b1a2TWYspyAHbwtJsBpdGjyqAU2bZHVjTup GmAI+yfJ4USg0Uz8abWnqAZ8lQuQwyfbJfwgjr/pl5VpWmnZMxFp9v/HWyB/STRvWJMGP+oX0wZe omER2nMsiCnRy/FrEtvmSvRmIK64sEwb9ia6eXqWrcbob4dOor6oUKLO4m+iZsnnmwbenBWS6cAr VwclaCHVMK6J9ehA4jYZ2cHgozfuHAlZyHC3zdJWWW52qEkDZrC5f5nBvieoyPmAfYvUEXAh1xjP j2XxOie7dGXhkoJurLJKggcSWNE+IVt3j3+cEzEdKA2Qw+/hOZwwuATmFAcYdCVwlxsVxR4/UrHo Vdc912e/6JOQ5cXiPrEGIWLk5w9q7l4rOmL0DznIMud2Knf2zqpRxscu7TICgGBXsMQ8Oxt6OI8z 07ZfbxPk3Dkwsb0yjBbStWRa5vinjxxYIX4JfZmUB/+dgTAZ0vjihiBnK69eUnlGkN4SeR23nlFc mlUI2ScS2IuKretdgDw/3Tn16aiEeeXdIsKxLaJ37QBIKST+JvSs+uGPWYdHhVQ0pgLfie/eMwIv q7JQZcHG612HESpnqAsh98Mv1D0JXYEmhMplz+AoKEIKaoV23HrKmPB0qxougp3tnNbkKBpnGI4x 7fQhvpMN2AYOBcR0BzxZGyyzxnp40knRcg9+qhVlYuu72RndeeTm03yH2KZuC999rx7FY4br1dnU dwc5uMuravI1vgM+hCxKCuV/BPSEM/z8L0UbG28l+hpg6d6KH+SKtmINx/n7OOyLr5tTxbYWg9fI yS73wu16ZaMKEbuFL6/8i755MFgUpxZV05Nd3wFn0nmDinrODuFBNsPQh5dBxuLPvjreHL0Qp/29 pU9xnCFsqXPCaqDqnM/utELa0Oki/U7xPATqWo2A9YNdX+wZ630XRiyS2+bPJ2RolrcTybl0af0U RQt8c99B++uwDVBBqw7Jr55+5Kqp4/nkdkOQ9Pmq/p0/rINGKQSDngxC0yhHqBfYBMI452Q3DEP8 NymYDJLTyJ2CWs2ozv/n4lxWNuReav0ypwBv/kZ12hJxBI7L/KA+osvOjQA2B4fq5LX6EoPUe9fL L/JNq8K1RYubl7Tzq6CLY2jVN2xCQT1GrB5Fb64XOv27IyyCV0E18lyMLjr501y/gKqV+6ZtHM57 7jS02jPdbSBj+8y+LVAP44+hKyCyosS/tlSbtMq3iITemULaHLvMg9qeuTzWCvGuVmvJkEr3ZX58 nncEWMYmdPUaaEoRLlcRgYfG5wt9Mi8VNl+Sf4Fe3PJT3fdjyK2orLNdd9eAVAcepSaZy+BaV3Jb rZ5Qfsk3X3/gLqPwcrZ4p5S/JghARSW4fNTkIlBj7/d/bctGf4tIEbLsvoNY51ghZ3tFiylqTMo9 KKC/XsCsm5hli2w/Bgayzrvu6cFOeY2utKwR9QY7ZItFMuTduTnQZQPZhDvRiUxFudmVKKOd35jn YGJBjn+3TTwCHGxWUfWTqN7XtXk8pyH71j+EV5OasV0/6rEZQTn7zrJf+AqjvgroT6u54CuJQBH/ LCOLjbhtmMw8dLYOFm0ewwD23TYngy1rFRQtLtZYjL73A1LXKPP2FVoOzsaZb1mnm9c2UoD1bF6y qDD1KD0Kwrh3XQNjAdMk8Uji7VFX/gbh3y/VGCaPR5jdES0/XWxMipdHYgfpfCWASUI/dSj7wzDB 8+RyrFUagCL5spzJi/FEIv7mThHJs8ofUX7nSIXKU459TztNzW/9yJ4Rx5eEZObYcs9B6oZzam+4 iA5VchGK474m2soC6tWZFNsdis6hP0ctU/m+JcyyXatl9ShTFI/IvjnBfJg2Bz6zxNYjN8du4uCV gBhoFH6n+y7JDfO3pSoZnYDozeneV1eM+lNaIBTwGZ+REf7VXDrFGfRLIpXauBG90Zr5XCGMB0co OD1jlZC7cPXeeqYPklGxfkufI6Cox0y4XNu6JlmUkqRXGtt7BAH+eo0uVVJBbHogi107kWKnGGdG pOLc096j095tTQ6FhHUCIyWnew1urATgTPxMDBsn8nhfSoXXCHdDo5u+RVzHkUt+2bjmcQg2ohoV RAKuf9hRXApLe6bMouHPuhrigmoiEynbW4RqECHR2JpaG/EgMaC1vNVatYrzAOG3XRJlwcFWd5Q8 rhsK+wxEuFAGT9XFoiJLpp+1ItLOHtxuDTmT1mePdV0tyjN1prpjADAXcx4M8WZUGVnkmbbzHN2V BqXIze5FW9Rbt7VmdpeBo3yTJGmXGOQJEOtv+1cGTqn16le27VGi7zG+uhW07nVVGB0uUxMo/jCr gTtaaOmTlyZUGz46CBkgPMpG7+59aQto6IC345nNklXlU7PqDg5/vVh0/oElzQjt1Qw18U+olTVb 4g1QQdDY/jdTsI3L/5ieFR12yOceldCo51FHU41bAoALXlq/xu2ESpDbqyXB5fG9lVeUegpGkzSK XzfTaifQ2VI8NARjnmxzQxLXru9vnGGoXi04TKWkuEOhpKEdURQdV+IS7V9ynLa8zfgZNOX9Nz5O auwgRHKA8/kVI4Wn81JjZ8sAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgoPFRoe =uvYO -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 65] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 A.3.2. Transferable Public Key Here is the corresponding Transferable Public Key for Appendix A.3.1 consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-65+ECDSA-brainpoolP384r1 Public-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-768+ECDH-brainpoolP384r1 Public-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcecBmkMvMZqAAAIAQRY0rnw8Y9EyWOE7sn+aA5NHjXfN/FhDXbp8Eq51BIWz2KR5lvluxO1Rqp2 9irSUQBq/RE0ABhnObLSStsxQd/SkkG7rzd2ot/GYdL2m9UsOWbboQXZKeib8GiZA+yhWwvp3boY k4Dgqc30/QYdjducbWHjN5uoOgyVQfmrP3ig66j7GAWF8Hx2rBd0/Ffb8/AD9Y7ifnPVYt8VjU7e tI5ajX9ppVydUTaeeeSDKJukIwMhdzVjvA6s5WgSq695JKyQSgRix4ZOenTRtxfSIh3VzSzXQSTf Tw4jExgWHqpkME6WKW6lQXEQQ/LmqJM0PNMUNvHCH04kThvvoI4xTyr3ILsv6oMbBld7DvyMLMf2 4o1QmD+87fsebpqlpmh74JMHvk7vyo/dQSQPr9pqyXsxRav96ZTuG8EKJed8gJZyP9cpbyRmpx9Q grN9vVpIQDifmZyCX+GD1NWzuJlBKe9Adle+/edJ+GrwzT3fEd7wzb2I/Nuk8n80nSocXv6q52rS 2Z/d7sr1Gffm27mjtz88ewm8hcU1pCY8iBGCrENtRuyDrDNGkHf6M9gTNQzydPyWRNtGm2ZGhRux gobqYTyoGFo+kGW3uUIPTygrp0R1Qhnuyu0kID10sjSNbDrAmEXUlc6pa3+Z380UZrZTX+nnwePX lg/2lhiGtj76M1TBHsGSA/E0YLQ/A70mU+K5XwHyU/ScrtKM7q0ZxIEdhj9t/dA4OQFPGKor+c12 HYxlsfFx/zBcDXVEZ7AIyuA6xCLRFJ5Iry+Lt40xzSFdV+9a1i1mVsDPoT3Uwe1MVlv8iSYEfdN4 TNCz+xC3/h+y4Bj5PNU/7QMdkMLXaHj19+XP/PBUjIe8e2QkFeQ1rAKqwQ54cO9POThHUoq/L91E n7C7q6pey+2RO8oqRojLJwwk9zyENgVfeqN9b4dvc2C4hdcdNZ8t9xSBpuFUQ1BpLpGOzTDQlKnw DJUt9OfFN/qrQYB8iW2nQvUFDjX1hMRrG9nrOZIgqwInhY98f5DT0tu2tHS0BUShIJ7aHN5Hom0W e0KXSY/fmt8tpSBxS3ghw4OZDoJMMIXwlrOTx/TNYWO3RQY0XofJ5EwwtAIObx1R+a1ZMxWxDHnZ DCLw+gGnkU23o0+9t8wK4fma2hK0S3YdI8xKQYcq7kHbKIjCjG7vNomUgv17PXJaPMCJYFwTtu/D LCnDLsvjxvlhz1PHr9rUtDwcq3mbpsPtvXQDRmatZHmGv+iF7F//K1aIafVXru0M6g57mDy/7R4U +ynQRP1m1CBLOFNE9yKOosJ8vH+9/42xSdVTSNkiGsn8HKVzFbsGeWxovhPd913sXzeB7Xj5z8+j hNNFOzilHe+igWV5OZfMk7GRc3ZFE8s7yj4IBdEzMqQMwa4MjJr5KMxXjqLkIA9QWxAWPk43yD1A 83u3yM706IVxSH4EuugcSsCKGAeEkoEL4FETOcRHTk+oyGFt3hp3JI9TfgxeSeHOEYYJWj+wm5fs alm02GWyXQPNt+fyEs1dJkvlfrDNBHoqU5J0RpPMw9/2hcSXkoQbPggsCBz1zsrezGoZjl3FvC6r HttDlwZJAB143fpSf0F2vmrdhiSwwEjl8hkNM5yIVbFdjlEH9BFIixfZGxBYue2hqzsF4ppBXuen QzxC6K9jpwTz9/RaTTqHu/XyvpGqYpKCNua54YQfGzEbixeyUtgEZZTeyO4j0Cak1EOd3lYJvp2/ BiQ4XmMeVfuYwKlx4Om9ERC4JoutQs0iLHzia5K4tKdto/Mi6LpKArYSpahOyc8cVHRWLDET/bVS gDDPRNTrS9BKnJ8KCxLrnHz+0NqS1K53eExdXch7MdDjyqAW+2egtmfHPG2YDLdW2b2TN7tSwEQR N+mjBwdw5DRZ6c2uLWV5nGuYSaaQeMNdyfkqkpav81Y7c6KpsJmF1REcCxdz+VOwykIcEH+v8nSo 15UVsYbKsEEd7jzAU3yvLNnrXxdCUF3nN/T/nQX/xKChU6Dqxj+9aHqXIa0a6RuEV+QeTvXCETBn 5iE0wZsiGnuCHetw3oragwd1yI62jh9wZlH2qPqMYubFMRnbNhSMOGgeqy1IxynH9o7v9ov3YwUj vic6RXnfSryLl9kFUWSoOX9CFS3NucEqVRUME+FOhAN6wCItBTsaGSubfkdskvpqskfuG1Mx2Cab Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 66] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 7HuYhKZuLRUb3SIaIR53GMklZqhZ2n/CHcaZaVggnMjO6xFb/0E+IZQ06hlfoKzYn6QdWcyAAqU/ HUQyDVW0p70ftkNBePPj62TuAS7Jw05KFXlpscY/Cqvgn5KTsJ7gt+19mPCQz0joZk+va6NQorU5 CmIri1AeJ4yXJJHXT3gAT0y6KLMeiGTenzcsCC1MvEme/xwQsnJl9z+VVUlPzYyGVzKNSpjbyvkY GwVVOXcVfoxMiPFbRKpa9NqFSweLsf2qdz3G29aStLaBi7duFiWxhlqX3jSisZounzOPp1mf10r/ OzPBGtDqfTe/jiEsPmHf8wvuzSgi99a1UQmODtP9e0+60RDcAkTi3SXSJH1NnDjH10DVpB0vbpvf AOiX0wbC+0IvRE7eily0uojzyzVOElMit/wNRbvOqpdR5YxF7YGD47qIfwuShmNUjgfC8uHMWz4l BzErErVjtxbLU64w8skOJ0F1r+IeQIviH9GQGje2uzYeVPi273Gz8r8syN2LdmU7DWQ0/2/44ZgF DCP+kI+t6AlE5ABpVff8a9FiNP7WxebMb+JwD4eAAQoYRhyVAyKj0GWCSP89oMoMGwY3o2PoHF0b QhAjepoPRjihrY2KUYv254EAeHvzgFJSoiuiWC23wNeEEsLM8gYfagwAAABGIiEGakmMEP8B3fsc KNCvBa/nXUwOYl1z/oqzzKInvRYtV7cFAmkMvMYCHgkHJwkCCAIHAgIbAwQLCQgHBhUICQoMDgIW AAAAAAA+thDvNFjY8Mp9wi45uvS1heLyLm1Z372zR/FfYTqaFj11W/ByoLo+XXlXkMYZqVfKW90m L5dFMU6+MI+9s0zMJjE9Kp1IhbrF93sBe6Av+u5txIkONMqy1jnOcVKTK6Sg8smrVRzVzbkIcNrA 1eFQHscOEmi9jE8wj1GcRKAP3MCsIoyM4sgrNTjkC7BTXX7xzID2IXPszaVXapynD2sJspHCuTCb TeIN9LOSiXhbgrZyhCwvXt3TXI+FE2oxaXc3e1j6wicotZtX7pnaKPHNxQURdwjc6zfaVlKonIGz sf+pnC8sazljsLWjqMXk+BAA11UQXILGomAL+WqtibQV61jEqlOl/mQMOumA7VUZ6DauOVJGZrgr RoWqes9fbPdFp3mJHfYDSHso8O2FSKDc9+3PprDILIf0RE71W1A+2ZjSX3kGcyDglqyhPQAAiACe hiM8dGpmRv8bHgq/48GE5Uh5ASpaf0ZvV7wyqkROa8R7CPHgrzuwv0wcgjBFC3c8a8PKAWQD9Eq5 p+HPwiQNkpH35qLs9PcQr/2JWSmZFGayPIExCCvqk7DKol3rcXOyvfeLX5j1NgpOMF1rIiPFaVzh 1iKYB/df9tHg16bOoq7ZL1aPeX6qwK75D1Fxi0FV5O6CjgWD5lEYQgHXl6xr+S7UDWD2p6w61Tpa mBhiNWXeoqCjOyrnA2jZJo+mRxv4RSj9XnL/afgJ7qI9ii48YIjfG+9wXdSIszva6lcldAJ0fYYL qSjUOf8WxicOYvIz1gt6oYTJFa/kioOhjkvSMG1WK0stjoj5d9lavgjhRM8wDwz24V+joFboXxkm l8Cqp5q6OsU9t/9ty/x5aB7ruUcctkUgZByqW8RIP2c3dT3FI9w2RjeAbdpBjDATgB3rloID2wGo ZcVAzHsVPPQvbz+/uxAgli7bx5JPx7x44Wv7iTITtDjL+YouKtHGtMdDKjB/P7ZCmDp28X04jsQX fMMQKUmdCvfXFAcTnvIjt+MLpiMwlID43RysDHbfiqmrRKcjBQeLAfLU2sk2gIyLz+3AxbH5sfFw P63/x9++FG/FKv2FNpwoZ8PoKmSe0ydtByl3Yi9pusQsEI84NYjVyy9xUe1xXvpBDaUiexj5FsCk GSfapPvtK8xynjUV/pkrPuQMPy9f5ML5o0aUg8yOFBRwjaMnIHDdUCBCrMFSnJgaOm1vg/jtd9Mh JrIpzYddc4T81+88qnvell7fqvhOeTtlw3NcARYHXRXyfTGatL5kfZLalpepe5UxzLBagqfOr8qG 2AVVf1U1hYUS2IY+2vIiFYgL4yhk+YI+25BjpP2RcaMLz0gfb9Tjyt1HoPzP8/x8lcsdofI2krwV P6A08SgaFhSaw1Ke1sFdpJAGKfV1I2pmiTQlfTgR1/B7KY6BArWcGKo4coUhZWLxEFvTWbH8eErJ t5cjItUv9FNVWVOCgrPj6vX29HtkspoB1lIz3PtKh2DrOVXLCjGglzdAoqyfw0a6d8O7A0lw40r8 8t+/H8YNbN9KoxPH1aa+Q4st5Ve1BEv8tfQwAw0hVXyfNS3cv65PfnZzl8/Dy0oHDQsbvAby9rzi 2KW+pn/BjyAY6pmuYSFS/vINItOGkAoak/8X74MPxx25/t43JkKItvYQ9c9DxigVhOmLM3ty+Mye MPasuGzkkA8QHFXnrNQJ5aqG2eJ5h4OBYoJh7isABwwoDYYqDuQgOE/GlCBgeHBQazqJ1VLTOzwX TIcXVVjFe68JDf5T7Hk416D+jRZ1uc3vM+EG+lPG90ceGG5shQI5Nfs8Ssqci1EJTYQDpHl3GIwk GWvwQDtu7OUsIUvHWhUVGvR+aGKUJCPXQRZnSLlsWnhjjQEGYb3N4Mqn67YHpHtK96CbhabIZAJ8 JLfqgrk2LPZRR0QsbnYy1KH7zqNED1WDqZcUIicv5zsnKWn82w5Ro9Be46sT9YaOdvh8R4Xh6fJ+ EH5HiOXhxwX7ZMzCzsWPW4mFpGbW0xsnB4A/fo29x1sRj1UURpykGgqjOt4rBCaiXNqQ76OlZhW+ FS7iTeJPURedpHOblJYKwPMNt9IvGlcvR0Vo2tKCuUM9WqARX7UphQTRDNkd3BLHQKoZXYmGqAy8 yX+BBTTCqhxnmQBzb238ZuhCRJYYk5edfCelF8F1MUrfiaprjqs58K+/3W5DORUEZYSro+jQXlyv p5Z/aLVJcJTkJGPi0FR6SJ14Xa6B24m13V+XE1Gtml+xqCJG4HMyLxABQHV7o3xpdOmkZXwF88BV usJSVYN6G3616zZlEF4iSTq/bMiDOhhE2WyCkw5n+KrfRxpn8yRABmuQNyy5eToctf2hnPlvMCJJ QAYIbZ+W3mrbQ/zDQlq0RFhJtQVNtM9kWL630sZYK+bfDMvGs/sRJC9mmreD6QL0On+fTNC9nEq0 7CVyhLsbLSNyEi3Cly+mZZZjmFy2PMVaUpphAh8iGBb0RbYrr9JYR1xkRRWKNMoDCG9owPNdZ61z VA4tU1PFW/J4yZCqu5wIJuaRoKEf+ZdgDgfo+X5sU0y+DCKnSNzB+37otWyfTwz7TEgyoWWo7FI+ OoExio8MZAyABHvUbZhBvYG40+ZADXu0XuYv7dx6iqjQHpBobkrc1F4FZuGyxlQb4LTgcpWQA91j 7ndICS73K18Dri3OIJzxXytIhkHBJSATY4VFFb/l6nleXV9gEl25qY4tCrGUdPnZtOA/hquZqSdW NgXhaJO+1vTTrw62SMDcdLs90ILRbU71MGB5OtKfDdu0cUGjkQMORaWgTQ7yUosoNz4BR4FUFAvV qQ/QD472hEQ2+qKgruF6pmyaW/cFZwPX8h2lJggdB1cNmm8DFSNR1LwqmzDCVpmwdrAUPFc0lzy8 Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 68] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 Fy/96ozNWf7sXuRurFy/PTvoZChw32/RN3lmaimMDBJvGR2isFvXEwmU0HySBYi2byRi0RFHoMKc BMbkGZ5yg/deZX7Pb4L3NLQeyHjewBYcDQmq0Wh92RCPF4MMeHgX4X0RfIzQLtzhw43/iMeuUYaW yfso3YRFYmJBwDASijSGK2z0KiMD/y0nln/OmmXIa2ylZSg/0FdVrJyihABoiNekvQZtc4A7wDZD cJ7MMZvBIjrDT++7IJb65Tq3NfTz/gWQghqNgGPD2IHDCXeuiKcszD/61RqKEW/WmKKSj5o5ivgl BgukdFYokSDD4gnYDAS8A0w079UqcuW0ECQEBOZgS/xNpr/qP8ETKv56Nnk/o4yq1M9UgjUubDLH GqD28wXJKRMd3/nqaB9TSjTGhHfCZ0BI1o2XBKo9afy1xUH6PZHCDpuaLds8otmX0m5c75kQ/zLS 8TannVMATG55OjsngbWbPKFj15eprmn1yPwz+9YIgAoWFazn6EIuDJqtC/mi80NE1zMaZ7va/urg uaJj9q+L7kwmsW4Hnai2pFotomPnPpttTw95SPCZciVv5KkGVw58ijkASOZXnirXI8Ds3FWPShQp 59Ygtyr4i8dyriXW/pTZRc79jRe/6G7pnNEbKdkodVhw/pv/bCDa4nwYiGSBnIz3aFDmCAPJqzuF MXi3KiMX7pWFj9/sz0QRCn7Gwmh2f4cGBBr6QYLTh6bi9ysXxhXIkvqa+iBdHutCL9oHN9wOrVhX FqDvBibotPlua5IpGi8rTUo/1tnfYJ/OUjo6iJo+HPR4ibf4fvDW8Xs0ue5jKxR9+F3NElNSe4Z1 sEp5tkzn6eQgyl2z+Z0BkLB7TUlOxw7PQDMiFRadW5hPfLbkr/zYwF9aebfZaZBDLZMeD1DgFvuR iapMn42rLHf9u2oNgxsJmKrk+92matvXJnOVdEuY6Y2bcKPpHP6UoOzHGB8geW9sfa/osBuoKP8+ P2KGLFR0m7Vm3bpkHwXlIiPH6gDuNcfO88l3GGSw2IwDqhuufpo7xjSsX4aDZfSOgInWgGYM7mD8 KrE8Z4ULUcel8UXqkJgswVz94ynuQgpLvUU0cekkzfDPR1C6y6H2ZGudmtLC59xgyErz7tufcjE1 +pI0/pJxTky6gpEK3XKVY4bxPb7l7gBeAiACYhaoJbvbmF16NQoHhQql0KHbiVQfFL3mFGvDJyx6 HTWTXon6RFgx/QiDy1t/8cjrBjXAbHp2YsOPku2WP2sskX5BFcscrpjp62UKgQl69kvNnkOBFVgN MPRoUCBZJdi7D8H+OEb4ulVnDCYFhzYBgPyTU++YpynvdXfabBn/viEVFeBHkjrYvJiFLMwBCra+ sDUIxgMpa6vSmpkSW7E/Wplj6r9IzSeqRzXl/Lsvmy/FicORf4TVF7kyBeB7CsAIDfePr5X1s/Xy sZdm2rtqLo67et4roNcQjrUnM090xutg+3kNaE8rpoJhMiskI4Jva/P2Dne2Qhj0lnDmvSB6/Tkx wIXwKkM0uSyQ6K3Myy1Pqo+Z0ohEnm7ce59ZiHLq3K1Xp3nK63UA4hN9hexv44JS9ttbHjbvP+po 1RjbG/GMHw5skMtZw4mxC441nwliJPexmZ7uf4T6d2JRuOEsCCqWsIbQe8GJ1vrxy4gBQoX0+6QY +uxL0rQ6pyK7ZN9CfHyclCkHmSBcfSaj3fmjFrwTkIJXygOPr1Drn3zdN6LXBzcu+g8XmqXCg414 qhat2NHIwWiDHaTPgt7xD1s2emf0osx8vdX7VB+mUsmnDTtWrRWIBQeqZolUNLwrtJhIcwB4QAsm Z/weiZE4pCc8Ami0EWLRKwKHIPKonT0m45x3MUfRVLN8aB3FFoQTP7j8cF4xww6qZRGxz/BBuThJ MazvOaiFUWzDyZf/5Yp3YEx21EFf0nxCliaIZDsHTiTPsgvviaN+qTAik057W4N1gLPwMlmmRWVi hKuesiY/nDtoQxm5zm18fKj8g+Wtgz5iB2E+lCS7jieSlIduZMwQNxBvuw2QT4VQmkhGKuHl9u9C iTlbTgzUjKJHTQUJclRSU/RBiSDQIHJCMVP90OPOmtMQ4M5N1RZ3cuZWAapbFXauIjsoqNVkdrR1 2YWl1Qj2xHfkBMmvP8EGB5vmlfAi6uJ8l4Qim5Pt8tQC1qnTKzK0q6n8+F+y45fImVITFd3yuZeH KxoZTnaOK29gSaBY4qm6c87sM7w/GQhlg6IskQxxZoqPqWjejZ4aG8X5Yr405UFPgs44VaE4fjwv WK+0abscauHLhDCmu2zodcUsVPU5k+WdAsRx8VJS/VrO2LsSMemCQKdq4HIGB208Oi9fVjY7yyEq hDJl5k7qV9QJT3Jvp196EdSjv0bNag3p3ZlNdMMFTyBWH/TxAKWdLx7Dj5eNvNvOluLDKcjTUne5 yKAP5dXb2wWfru6BkVKZejAcOxjV0OU8ZMKXANLG9vFjvYyvtVFlD44i8/ungtDIelB8HaxckJ62 nJjfFRfA0An4i2J0GQxQNH8bTG1oklEH071rPIsoGaM3Cnv553p8FgatjXHjFYUcswky4NvTB6B2 IgrcHu7y06TqwK6OkAc8bLe4KDhsAKVl2Ark4/Bb5eKj0xCjFdx5+bnzvxBMDANuvAEf1eZ+F6Bi cqZYWazA9wYJFkdITYu4/Q6t8AMECyQ/RHJzf6i+DSM5S3enxscAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwgR FB8nx8S8BmkMvMZmAAAFAQRbh3StJ9XHLokwwOu1iboLwTayT5hG1bqI3/SxAioVEPs+/jPbJ4tc B5z7bIYOpQl2ItAAlh7uDBKDF2QrT0yPAZbDLNywgfJDfq0Yc3+qfTZ+D7VnWPd0oAQZyuC0KvU4 IcqUp5WiE4sHKqwtaM3K+TBhp3MhU0LQ4psbazu120IU8GCFUDH8VYRo9sKhklwOsVrQQ8256M8D EJAMZULPVX0C4alSkXBhxkeMlHfDZGUxxXAwwx3AwrReA04OeEtGmsn36Ba6ZxPRNRVI87IrWKBR 6glWE7TTGKD2XG2mdMYvBaVHPAx+MVFeqpfCm6oAKmyuvE9X9aEZ1S5LSERmu8yVAxuiC5IlfCVu mJezVTzHRW7b5bmgU3vflbMSmZoFWoLRIhvEmJ2eGklg14NISUlVGCSZxsC1FA4jVreJJ0gTY7dd soPQYQ1jYUrYRC5KunXD8JwQwnng0c5QpFSfC335MjME23S8AmneinsidY0CBMP92ZtfWGja9m1V axh346R3+JSFsQQuhws0Z5w0BAVJ6QVe8R4QLDwLZ8Gww7+1i0VcZXyQYlov8IFWg3O5EWb6ZwgF dyVdIkj4zLWhdheoVLEsWCh2S2ANMZnZh6YaCzspE7i6SzgpSme78j3ARbxxUL/3Cz/d2UCL+5PU 6T40FCKBgSkHUMMtfF18uswAAsChQ37SHEchOZ2OCHaSp45AAXLIYMiLawX0Ss5ymbxHgb/e9Ft/ YagKlGhGIFERdBac63zQWg/1Wm3yR1sfa0X/ECHb0ARS2pfcQry3sIoo5BLlpAyGOSCvibcRR5vQ Ncgepsm/aoVl0UK00FiXVMUxVMFg+xCRcQRLM2sXYjXcdSdVsp562zQil5OUZWhuCsWckBs7+h0W Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 69] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 hLuE8yDrN679VgTGJDXmoC2jOGwlK8Pr+BpESLAuLAt/MFREI6dJxWCsEXM57H2Te5McVBLPJlhx QnIrfBnPuA2StLSUGYxf2MvrLDuz+7AWRA/LuUigOmlrQSoaMFbc4o2Hsh2Tt0hxCrHwBWniglYX ur/qtaNf65AQ2oblAH4gi3724KUboqpq4VrmzMpj/F3kSXAexSn6S4yfHCyy540X4gF2OXNbCSCS +khLgxypREXPig0A/JV7ekYk1ZjN04+sPB+1JArS5hwgeCg6BJd+93iMtKSEuGLJSFJy+p6o4gYH qVeX8wVE8GMdpZdwacu5cJ94yHJH7KBHRKTJmnbeoc76ZX5oyoySG6AMlaDIIcHccxg6sxNLY8yY 47GF88RGuosCJc+u+0yV13qk6Sf34gDpE1oO1iBtQ8olzIZnh54ChLWolmt/UCA/KYw+ixQM6snc yqrfCUwFITK+PH6EFwceEHGT67O6BDubmVBIIHLswg/g8hpHSU0v/DnK+VxeFGcbus4TlMACQrjI dqRSfDDcwyfISwtd04az9Q+T4Blllbl0wKI/yBDGtnXL2LGXxxej0L8FtMTCywyUOS4JVBDbuSPM oQAVqL/+17kaBmBqWZSxkhO6UxIW4x9dEXHAq6SYkxHqMrqfdLU1ej5HUsFuRCrCZ2zjnFhVMMQ9 mQPZd4SBe1Kg8E25cxQfAouXakVhtwqYQ7XnM6dxplrcVcdIx5iRMW72e1zrt55oWWHNWsyy5sWD S4v+Nixd6FnARcH/D9BcdfeuEVxlkPbT47xlJ1g9j6nYt0NZkTKI6zaLxwBGlXEcSrmUVzgCJQoo XH5HPfcB75iQUKap/zsNJGmQlyMk3hoK5sXshbk6+nAVPQs1wflxGa29Ya9HWcX7//WlC8t1X79Y jjmJijUfCL5gqMHyJnfy2bHfp8TVLS6kNnGO2+GaVyHbvu8orLKhHlx8wszYBhhqDAAAACwiIQZq SYwQ/wHd+xwo0K8Fr+ddTA5iXXP+irPMoie9Fi1XtwUCaQy8xgIbDAAAAAA/JRDBxEIvVEaah2b3 l2xxh50agmmsBl+GNfEIpLx4i77X/ViudFDMytlFEctuxYp0/93VWuGTsKWucsMUg1nv58rNLiqi 2fQLOEBQuxBXSi8lFWIhxDNmn5Ix0Fa1KyIwLM0X0+Yembuff7nFAOut1cWuZZsoianmVVeLTq2H KOshgrNPGxkEclHK33cgLWxoG7p62l8GQrKGzHhJoCCbfNQNsIX9CRnHLuebNK/G5abgQQJCEVx7 ShPDu/XtTKTWZ+SdN5OVjL6PMMgliQM7Xpk1cLEEoMJ1ItVeAU3OGAwj9r9s0p+IHRF2iwn5aP5t 2Qn+KPBP7ubIUtXitDFn2AUR8tXWseDFApMzKlnudylrCfQMg0rkenYBoQedcxEWsAefpKjp+Kx/ T3da3BuV2h4RYm4A0ldCqGayjRSiz5z2Zdetsogbf7hySZRYs5izYjdStbPOqAWLbkeSZtgguv2F ormuU9jx2PvR8PaGDfSnr+ngBoyIl5f/mS12IQhf+CxlHYtLAZ9ZOIeUnwtcHwO5J/z/fGfWxVAW 2uM6VHxF4a8yE4qqNXAmugI6H6OUAnlgdu419Mns8vODw/6Q1ofXXDtSoG9Omno9IkihKPRkpVtH Zm30GiK8V7KgGSLmRD38SLvQZT7WqkHU9KvtabUqzErQ5XfPmK6C/wEzFY8kr87NTNVeT01Ajo68 HRkS+na+b6smHWTGK+4nkWWwBFUHTG+B7y51gxCETS/XLmpLjSrTVTDnEqHikgGEdUemuHeEzVLY Fjf4Rv328nTlPSSyU5ccSpa91vW4jVVH5Ejtx7HuQyD1pcSy4UUCx41b+UzQkL03Ndukr4/EQGhY Q+y394XUzW44UQ7W75UY6RvpD/So84X41yFMPPCnWFivRgKKMMmxAlu4L+P5/GVQCVLDXS9dOrNZ p7o/ctkPUywQBKFuJBVdEtcJjW2xiYWgvbMsvmPkDgPaKJRJeCwutvdZ692+ekTsVRddLbelJL9o 5nuTq2wwybUb8cz+X2LsGYwzhagMnnir7pUnZRLII26KbPq1GD5OkBLI1lsumQj/+07Is7J3lngs JwLiveKc1IUPvFcwL4n/7JRXUu/cC70AR2xBqcxhkzf47NhetYHEp0mUZXSz3LfsukW/pv0Rg1ZQ SzDlfVuez6VdWchDh8y9j3SFrcgQu9iUMvj+SpFuv40ttrwf1E8GZcDdmfDETvB1a4CCH7Fxw53S 1Q+w62/Rfczykr5D61M5suHTVXawuWYjUmNUTF5NyBTDUwQSSfRLblkNfF15zpw4L2PLgN2b5Jzj uFEKK6gAHWaLbbPsgwHp8L0hXguZuEDsfPHj4lUS4GTe0Fzt1gA0J+0NJWuvIR2IWfU1QsZmSpyX 1UN6KY5sxjxZnGusFzx8JhXPILLWHl+4teW4vWoxWheI4Le71sorvI/XuMa8I8lnq14x2OxLVEsG 8vNcvaty6WU3L2Dtz9N6Ws/7DC9jfvcsIj9/qNtPHomM+/mUvteZuTi4ytS88Bfu++474OjPrjdo 7K2bI1I5XzqA3vUk08/rNmKlOdX188SI2tWtI3HPkICSbburtIZrXXxCr99H3y7b8mqPnmrcnENI q7sXPbukGlAwsqRmowo1BEYpiCEUxp6ckwDoMS4eUSdspDJIg8v5TjsYUPQywJ8yx3bthGzS0cw1 eu5aGTuLDQYadC7jhpPgE0OOrUmgIBR0jvDwEXzVf/GkjlQW27btj8VleQKbFtFaJ/N540z8M2kJ 84dciFmBrzaW2p3yVdqkBTcgLaDk49hnpGNXkR0OhbRFvlczBmx6SrRg0fJbIBYrhTf1l6TsoFAJ hZefazEpjsar9IFDASPntrZA01udKb2EoCDAWcfLHycdic+8384QhvWZWDIM9KWEWbPRyPvn6LGy lgMd2XIleRt2qC0BbZ3t72AsM1bow7U+6Rk46lKb5b1a2TWYspyAHbwtJsBpdGjyqAU2bZHVjTup GmAI+yfJ4USg0Uz8abWnqAZ8lQuQwyfbJfwgjr/pl5VpWmnZMxFp9v/HWyB/STRvWJMGP+oX0wZe omER2nMsiCnRy/FrEtvmSvRmIK64sEwb9ia6eXqWrcbob4dOor6oUKLO4m+iZsnnmwbenBWS6cAr VwclaCHVMK6J9ehA4jYZ2cHgozfuHAlZyHC3zdJWWW52qEkDZrC5f5nBvieoyPmAfYvUEXAh1xjP j2XxOie7dGXhkoJurLJKggcSWNE+IVt3j3+cEzEdKA2Qw+/hOZwwuATmFAcYdCVwlxsVxR4/UrHo Vdc912e/6JOQ5cXiPrEGIWLk5w9q7l4rOmL0DznIMud2Knf2zqpRxscu7TICgGBXsMQ8Oxt6OI8z 07ZfbxPk3Dkwsb0yjBbStWRa5vinjxxYIX4JfZmUB/+dgTAZ0vjihiBnK69eUnlGkN4SeR23nlFc mlUI2ScS2IuKretdgDw/3Tn16aiEeeXdIsKxLaJ37QBIKST+JvSs+uGPWYdHhVQ0pgLfie/eMwIv q7JQZcHG612HESpnqAsh98Mv1D0JXYEmhMplz+AoKEIKaoV23HrKmPB0qxougp3tnNbkKBpnGI4x Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 70] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 7fQhvpMN2AYOBcR0BzxZGyyzxnp40knRcg9+qhVlYuu72RndeeTm03yH2KZuC999rx7FY4br1dnU dwc5uMuravI1vgM+hCxKCuV/BPSEM/z8L0UbG28l+hpg6d6KH+SKtmINx/n7OOyLr5tTxbYWg9fI yS73wu16ZaMKEbuFL6/8i755MFgUpxZV05Nd3wFn0nmDinrODuFBNsPQh5dBxuLPvjreHL0Qp/29 pU9xnCFsqXPCaqDqnM/utELa0Oki/U7xPATqWo2A9YNdX+wZ630XRiyS2+bPJ2RolrcTybl0af0U RQt8c99B++uwDVBBqw7Jr55+5Kqp4/nkdkOQ9Pmq/p0/rINGKQSDngxC0yhHqBfYBMI452Q3DEP8 NymYDJLTyJ2CWs2ozv/n4lxWNuReav0ypwBv/kZ12hJxBI7L/KA+osvOjQA2B4fq5LX6EoPUe9fL L/JNq8K1RYubl7Tzq6CLY2jVN2xCQT1GrB5Fb64XOv27IyyCV0E18lyMLjr501y/gKqV+6ZtHM57 7jS02jPdbSBj+8y+LVAP44+hKyCyosS/tlSbtMq3iITemULaHLvMg9qeuTzWCvGuVmvJkEr3ZX58 nncEWMYmdPUaaEoRLlcRgYfG5wt9Mi8VNl+Sf4Fe3PJT3fdjyK2orLNdd9eAVAcepSaZy+BaV3Jb rZ5Qfsk3X3/gLqPwcrZ4p5S/JghARSW4fNTkIlBj7/d/bctGf4tIEbLsvoNY51ghZ3tFiylqTMo9 KKC/XsCsm5hli2w/Bgayzrvu6cFOeY2utKwR9QY7ZItFMuTduTnQZQPZhDvRiUxFudmVKKOd35jn YGJBjn+3TTwCHGxWUfWTqN7XtXk8pyH71j+EV5OasV0/6rEZQTn7zrJf+AqjvgroT6u54CuJQBH/ LCOLjbhtmMw8dLYOFm0ewwD23TYngy1rFRQtLtZYjL73A1LXKPP2FVoOzsaZb1mnm9c2UoD1bF6y qDD1KD0Kwrh3XQNjAdMk8Uji7VFX/gbh3y/VGCaPR5jdES0/XWxMipdHYgfpfCWASUI/dSj7wzDB 8+RyrFUagCL5spzJi/FEIv7mThHJs8ofUX7nSIXKU459TztNzW/9yJ4Rx5eEZObYcs9B6oZzam+4 iA5VchGK474m2soC6tWZFNsdis6hP0ctU/m+JcyyXatl9ShTFI/IvjnBfJg2Bz6zxNYjN8du4uCV gBhoFH6n+y7JDfO3pSoZnYDozeneV1eM+lNaIBTwGZ+REf7VXDrFGfRLIpXauBG90Zr5XCGMB0co OD1jlZC7cPXeeqYPklGxfkufI6Cox0y4XNu6JlmUkqRXGtt7BAH+eo0uVVJBbHogi107kWKnGGdG pOLc096j095tTQ6FhHUCIyWnew1urATgTPxMDBsn8nhfSoXXCHdDo5u+RVzHkUt+2bjmcQg2ohoV RAKuf9hRXApLe6bMouHPuhrigmoiEynbW4RqECHR2JpaG/EgMaC1vNVatYrzAOG3XRJlwcFWd5Q8 rhsK+wxEuFAGT9XFoiJLpp+1ItLOHtxuDTmT1mePdV0tyjN1prpjADAXcx4M8WZUGVnkmbbzHN2V BqXIze5FW9Rbt7VmdpeBo3yTJGmXGOQJEOtv+1cGTqn16le27VGi7zG+uhW07nVVGB0uUxMo/jCr gTtaaOmTlyZUGz46CBkgPMpG7+59aQto6IC345nNklXlU7PqDg5/vVh0/oElzQjt1Qw18U+olTVb 4g1QQdDY/jdTsI3L/5ieFR12yOceldCo51FHU41bAoALXlq/xu2ESpDbqyXB5fG9lVeUegpGkzSK XzfTaifQ2VI8NARjnmxzQxLXru9vnGGoXi04TKWkuEOhpKEdURQdV+IS7V9ynLa8zfgZNOX9Nz5O auwgRHKA8/kVI4Wn81JjZ8sAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgoPFRoe =uvYO -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.3.3. Encrypted and Signed Message Here is a signed message "Testing\n" encrypted to the certificate Appendix A.3.2 and signed by the secret key Appendix A.3.1: * A v6 PKESK * A v2 SEIPD The hex-encoded mlkemKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 1eaa02a4cd82d01573d84c6e1326c19fe8d3cc6bca297e6525a7d84faff68cdf. The hex-encoded ecdhKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 0521a1adda54 0cc7b8589dc9cbe360d51139b3b1fc58f6b4a452baa2ec16022027b3495c04c4abb34 e8bbd603d0ebeb7. The hex-encoded output of multiKeyCombine is ed4010d69f98dc64db6df1d9d59331708057b8027ea0336c03bad6ea3990b25a. Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 71] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 The hex-encoded session key is b89c0629753f9e849a2bb176ba564fb7c674aecbe1f9c1d7f71001533871c20b. -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- wcQuBiEGQIsIsg35PGq977Jdh6ZCdm5kVcqsYh6MqCBCNN573ttmBBFZqGpSy8S5nQFvq+HGrEBG Gh22tXYqADb0i0aUjIEmGccFwTJWNr1K2vfccIZebIuYSt0dCfvepP3WTe5FVr2ReGBs7nUva6yH vmf2QqZoOXRzHVQiRqh8KnAx/MH2dVew3mHiIBAZN/lQAj0irDrju1Jftql13ruHYytUNsfVqVMq 2BVTF4G+n7sjg+iEHOoqA+OUDxjHzc7q+A9RxrhcOFhEnd/hpErZP0wkddPZLq9wq7pXJBpgODni g7mEe1N56yiqg9B45UrMyAcXYzK5xPjGttqFviN38Wc+G/tdhJCiSl9NGlC8N7I7TS1QG9OQ6Qb1 OBLotEPFQnlpOXXVq+QZ87kOsNLkrHaRD7YKPiudYbZXTSfhKgoFVAfZEWWIbcZvm4s7MHgMVZkZ +ZBPX2MdYXvH8jMgxn3pZuM7r+n1A6kz9qWlkLLR2/CvzGaP89i7b04YnrEK4Jw1IyqnxVVBMgQh LYq95NpUHDMP4EZABxcDLo4DGttUN1zc5QoiSvi1NhKexLSLJy/jX3Op6wXygxka6kkJ+FP6OJrZ 0unXOSE5vlvqOrbGqpNRDEvEoU/OTqVE11OxiZqPW1tB3MxFeWDDmrhe7471IkNYawa2O0Ashw6j Jd8T+kN3xLLDYSqxw9Y7Dj94QdSdCXgFiJvUIp6sf4mgV1IgEAmZlEDS2VBAylNT9fkv5CoBddPo 303VuDWXkbdA+JH0lD438QxmAUh0oyPlERtNyUdiKds9mOFluaMeABqN+XBM9iHLiOnxuYYI1ogT E+umiInuvog0x+UY6uEEakMLu/2bceMJPjU6+CXIZFi94wFNxFbU+LyCRaj5vBpokqBm8gC4VeXi P2GO0zuTFkdnKv/Nszl07ucl2R/kb1G0gT2pHhLDISRoCi8z5rJYpvhbttEhO3YLN3skdCl+K3Mc s731FxuvF7szbNjFSBh6EthWgB+3yLSk0Evc8yKR9uH5gsg3e1QPtvbQVcgzdg+UeXvZZKWAYYTY 8o7nqmEiUvy93g/stxmQmSex69fAnELQwmqjW0GX63lTxWUjfbCwk+WzkOEYMzn9Js6vuYc8phL8 jl1T3p4ryy4nzEv6FJMe+kQ/Igk24yJDUGtTdfrNztxtaiaKr36fCUPctJM0wPdCMAatPdEX/K0S fcaQr4io3WUvNfrLsArLjbSUxI6G4qOsd5mMJw0ceOOywNmPsNo+l9oo0Dwv/jKdn5KmH9Nb7N0C KRnwpRCl+efZgPOJjTo+ejHxyS4Kz3P0AcgSyZgJJlPCCerPbbZyOgBZAIJ+JlPcEfKSOABOj/dp aNoNuwNiUTqFlmdHK5BiCJSyZiu+sIcexGYiiKRkKALKTIE09WTv1z8M9HPrP1dVCDlAP1+NZz0p ZoAFxz8TcpU4WKyfEFBfPkiWGxQg3MeLGwDzKyHA9b0rx7f3uDodMUnxQ73aoWDrfnzjW/u9SA4c zcvM8eYbv7E/WSE/Z+vnwl1RYsNdEjJ0Lk5bCC5w3vaPVXfGbtxvT3Vx8fSNuDcY4+HwzliCC4oa dg87bUHNhdGKMoV6maAowzN2JHR26RQDv/JgKDTWRSaJkGS54r5fFaC9SereEL++UQbTvMG0td85 WJDVD7l20Zh8fEzSzWoCCQIMsMmmmoYJbHJyXeJRYM+sdKSrl+cp6nLCKZVkacqG1pREGxIwDn4N xuCjJEzVeh/OZ2zKcUifMINnWqMxb+OjGB8yKIyUALgBnBBEKD4Ir3dmkoyf6c+EuIB/4iRJoO1L PMBctxjocuRX/RSXsKLqTNJHwH8sffxj8ky3PBvDvOsYt60FHTNDwg4ff/I+dmbgZstDx+HkPXy8 Tixc1BrUgdsh9Wgd7qAV4IxiYJLOmWPMeEASf0Wv9LHUxp0++NFVKKr0hrwrTm4oc98XpMsQTrPg cEALHdjB8w8C8jf7Orj1zkaH0mEBWgUinwjsotJg+l/eKFJhaEOMTkhNQklEvsylKPil+qZQhTmC JPwcw9b5Q9ElfztVaCgULbIpZwdkePUUABb/z2+sf90p3/92QlkJRp5Q0HCC5LLTfs/p+B7tcuKS 6leKuJezQ9yHC/knrAkZsfNHfIbvJ1aEJhS0rip/IJuZfeBfrxm25hawujIPDmVZ2+RStmhDn/zr hoEx+mChQAtehD1C/4E/D8j2P2oesfVCqpZ5O+7WAa7bSurNPYfzsGcMh8xC40F13AmJBmYqlstr FjCID+jbD7/U3/YHx1BtdMq6M5suKLV7ICDI+Hs7+fWv19dP7f83mPr2LMCRMPsn4HqyxWQlk/Cz cIqXvc69TIwiX/r17ikhsOOObfwEZMy9pRNogsLsvyB7ffcTPgH981/YeMK51CBV0Wa12dSPlq2Z MnqkMvr6hCLpq/QQq/egMOneBXB2U+3H5Qhdfmra8yBxGfFooQ2+Z24Xtgl+K8Damp7pQtdFstIF G+mjL2mikUUQLijocWRTALmBXm8nDrqU+loTCwk90T2/gfHWswXzehOlKJliHZ7k+80F5I20Zx0+ 8D5nxyq5fk2oFqKvLjzj16aBDgmrCyoIWcxxy4XW9fI6/oHjCf8hmqU7ZO2FitoRvF7+SzIirp9q rmKXMNrydrhntmiL3bakzGRNicXhzNu8SW1JzzLcClGT6apYarPsB/ZnO0OG6M28EWl1kAs0lS2B pdpSuBN0ZYqMjDTZetl6Ld2E4VLjbUJ6iJBXFvNW1a2mBQHX8pzINmYD2yA+wU4Tr9/MykQIkheA AGoD7LRc3XlT03J0kNvo1O7bRAri/zOmS7EUu3OaMvcjy04gFpdWQfx4wJK9hDUqFbW/775s+q51 08XGbuOViMAYXvZQkSzK3Dq049iKKQR9/4mIF70mCNI+w6Oy8ebFin+roO+9QwybRh6PEnoOuEzZ W/rK6/SywthF64+pOrn+XUdYxmTcWCQnG4CXnxF4uhqi5/2Pn8/Bnr68SwUCY6qSvnq168Ka0g00 3Qsa6W3ZNdk9CaPt3XG8yGs276p5rjiDP7Pb/utVadmY3yolkOtEBi9sDmqtjSXttu3KihLrAt5m Jm0syyCifcrcX2icsN4JlvwvV8eBlR+TcIJu8YaVZsgmyHhE/tqPKU1Qc6yMWiCxNCvHF133M5uf ATobCw4nWb87eHeAPmYx0PSLwVd7qUMfDS0Q+QcpXxzk8TgoRHss7emu4CNzroRFaaBooeXy5El/ Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 72] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 CMaR6mnSWdfx41z+YtLSELm6n1zV1JedqIsAb0b202BCxPdc3DWUiVsghiXesneS9ajKgDlPBJYm 9vNLVNfwiL8aHFSVnsG8KjHsa3oePLBCAxZmlqthS/yojSoKmurt4nuDIOF37qllU4Q54jo+pxq+ qmjJUBJqVeFUYlwtl5gWLmsiHMhnQqTcfygRpX2hMvUpTnhTgl2ugJFajX4pprQG5+Ooex2RsLSe xcAa5kLU4FOJKjqBagUkePynJp0vot1EuXQgyUFFi6valpBtCYdsooWOrXitMHLQhWWN3Kl3wh7u rdZf4YBtVpeAvq0GQYQZw5IGCXGDW8FWv13JgS/Z8mDGevGVfZ2ShtV0sQcVKKB7QtfrGTtcjhCk NAzGGtj+gZJqFgtZscHffpQT3gp5Uzol3Br/GXhnOpsh52Xkkrqhqg0EQyK1Ld3OwEggpBTr4DHO U2RLHm3BWAzg+O/VMN8JTb2BolZbrGRM1lUhVhqlFGc4jkgEatVqZOQ19+y/gMcP4MXY+sIE8gd+ bEDZ98gj5+nxo7Bg7QMceYE5n390x2mNMRK63xxUdei/HAum2nxphtlSOy2ZoKcONiiLUzSiBQYR DXU9vHl8R0tl4F2BR5xFA77x85d8UaTGsD/GCkPZinmefQYlWsJVzJ4tFIiSX4f59H54QiownjK2 tw2Pu5bXAfduYn6jlHrs+nQ1fC0lZE/2AMV670QMB7s0WdiIGVu/YjXa7vgDSq/laWqodaoHJFdu yLiYJHc1vXhOTnrkr3o/mPncTMsg2y0NIM81Ggc0vyDz8KUkm/9FFABKCNw5rBf90EBI+/1reXMI wc5l6jHI36r9+Y+AYF+RbvhT6OOVZeX6msiE8dcjEVpCiFXrC2RAVUiDanCcAt77yZP+/o1miBGn iF4Eyl0n2IVEGgbSFuxsghtIuBf1dPZe7Yzr3uuf/MZo/2SSJQVAmAB4KpmskvNgJwF4yZyHea8B +GdlsFlrfaq5K9u6+h4ov9FIBTuFNAv0sbO1tNNBYBo9czTDuZaPgVR/zVACTi6HGS79P/YUzpgP s0k0FhBGj9RVl5K6BmTLvJZWTuR33RSAqdK5byJ73bPGG5DLtBOWP4WGucsCT4241HNAgSWb4pJi +INcT62aY0JVjEbEx2TRHhu6z4PUhRBPruXD2JB8x1XD4BfU5bsHWCWqz3DvYdBZCHk4N64lR5+P /KyvPabwRdItbrSzdVCAsb8EgHuB5GrbmJW5IL4C7f3uhfXY6/KchVasQAwqKCNWBThsc1rJSy/R dB0mQPbEZ5czfU6Tbq3zolXq9iB7kyLuM+KzKerbqZv/pqnR3b5W+ss0TPO32CAzQ0YWc4lCOtZo J5WvO2xnRec3Jalq9qGVRFkL3NSBUWf+BLTxS964saqwq2cDl27S1lhJ+uMmakTDEryfsEbZN4Bf nmqllpZa010xuWDw1TDS12NhaTzhZEuFLNggSdUXCC01/Pkynxm3qiOEVSDIvPCK0GzFyhuCD5pR lzzWxpVG59AQhjSx7bpxcvi6OOZ002ex49H5JDUr4vyApY3/y6CVYzfLwY2L2N62mCJ03lngnmei SdCFgn3rRm6h5TVztup5oXjcLZoAxagao6TCJrh4o5Gn7vRikot962J1+sSunLvHOK/VLprGpNy0 c5tEX1L6g5R13L+tZ4uxHMLN8bfSkVd+RrHK05r4y854qBCr+L6dfhdmjYT+CpfqcoCtbTrLlGSP i/hsy/ulUZBSjudMKULiKifv1mQ9WAsACc94oPEfbnvMsnIalvzyXyF6/ZH+FwstKx/fg9eUkV6Q V4iP2r19fFqGig7NEguvsP0dRFN2eYAf2HrE2vSXhgKe3jAva37SlAOcyp2CPu+AMiw1ZLUaO2O6 LJnGxtbbt5r66PUD3YU7R/3m/3HfvOUV50l7Ryqik4T6A/g6IqngPpMIwYUGCaBATZ5aT9y3hkWu BTMhovEZSUJtKQn/cKHDu+D0FWh9kKCm8agBbpyyKcoIu8V6nqa3yL0rbZKbyW3VhQ/3QNafA1gG rseo9osf9EUEiX+oHQgCBm52kBRO8rStf+oAHbgk0TR+MirDFAhpfIri4GegLgNfHKYH4hWAjGap AHjDCF31val5jk7opivSXppXG6xCZevw8VsnZKmK9T6r9X0d+AJG/8U+DhBPg1BrMGiwsyKub3jF KLhkZvmelSfCaD6hVS3xhTahsySpvs5AFyJ9JlI+uSqPBFhHKHvcnG4yAG4lTsDIZMaIjI5F6piu a7tu9xxzcQK5j7N7I9BgT4Vm37BtHQGDMqwZ9IfvBF7ZLKp73kVIcNWYzRIXU2xH+Ph4MmsOprzw a0HhyGuNbwddhA0Zw90lWUzX0ssKYkdOQ8c4vD0RUaj6mCEphbwAkQcv7hCNrNYsnAyt+hnJ3uGh 3Vc+PDuFGji+wRy6D22iagC/+87ff0x9vvkZFoW27IBKUp1TuHnx/XYcT8uudRXXejzQDWEXixpr YahnWvlu9qhd39tW6Z+WOKoVA/bv54GWMfTyFah3bOqGuqXf0e8eIEpa5yRdol9VGCvN5IOCknoL VgHArDj2xyR1lxot3Xwmh8EZ4YN8nTGoFk8Yo68EpDXxu+q9UyTO3TTELd1PiIhUiHXSngv+2kju X2pi0AXe8vK7ZaDuvCgr2OdmFr18AuqufsnMrJIEc8ai7thSxiQjATrL5fXEjxyQa/azRAwiuK/z JDHC9RyXxa6BL6G+A1/hsk98YoULeDMD8Dg8EEp4dfqUlavaOgGy2JmS5WUZUqLJUfBMG1HfTxpm yMROcR6We9gtFI+DACWt6mi/kJuEp1D/PXoB0d5dSikUq+J3Sl6sU3Jem4ccnOZ6SXxDHtPk8BYT xdqKmet9QjGFP3PIcbdbQst9r2Wd+OeAN/pRDAlGBbm3AP6qmUCp+geLe7chcz1lwo941iio3PYj sDWg3p1v1sN4e2Vp4M2+x4IKRjY3zrmiyl5mub+c+GBT5T/UEMEUji8fUfAAnyPyGKqHC0TBBjEC RytcmowzHhzHNx3CQ5uChC1ybc8qowq8tmFp1s3tqnOpDST/McS0SZuUKks0+qeuI4dg+2IJtwOZ tg1Q8MPs8xbkB+Ci5Pv5JdxcY+kj7YRnytO4e3fxUxwiWarXGNrgrN/y2SVJYmEXqOKlTIdLAH4U hlb4CGnhyQRq78kmtmxuJTjhnrGNaokDIistCNvAn9eunABE3ykQh8704NkZUKBOgg== =gXse -----END PGP MESSAGE----- Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 73] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 A.4. Sample ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-brainpoolP512r1 with ML-KEM-1024+ECDH- brainpoolP512r1 Data A.4.1. Transferable Secret Key Here is a Transferable Secret Key consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-brainpoolP512r1 Private-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-brainpoolP512r1 Private-Subkey packet * A v6 subkey binding signature The primary key has the fingerprint b89e98c38b82bf6f859e7d259bc4d4526c7e6f3448a0b82d0dbe580e3278dba3. The subkey has the fingerprint 033fa728eb4a55a4d59a0496e51c90b67f70846de0ed3cdfb8f28124ec90d3fd. -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcpMBmkMvOtrAAAKoQRKzGkDdUUISwmepEZBGTvq1XdU+lLx0re6UTiVb6meB3jAfPUizxYcQh/l tjUEJOqxAI/0bTtdvM2yUdF+oJyhGE8a1ZHrP9lzgVLhGcgxPbEknwJ7eSM914v/phqijD0/kPEa eTQQeJk76bryASKyHQCkspUBGK8F04BoAMTM6LpJTPETzOAGSOlYSxhaU3KYoWBYkSZs6M6pq8zj pgYDAhuppl9Yq560859kJJpLQBGxkum8CXcr/T6BxBe4WofLvEzPQDKT+fD5x8WxjPBFoAQCdWzb iAoanDf4z0UPnezN3j/oHgQWCYfFwtdDKI7b6d9ccOwbpqva+zkSoqXxABUWhCi6eY4k27mNf7/2 co8EC+naMZADhCeqPQfyIA1LB25y6b9NCXWaVIC+pjOpapoiXV7VfVin9kV/mh4NQIKx2C2fpnk6 l0uVHNbIatUvsnMiLBZJiwfTDSGNTUqIT+dkCC8kj1dd6OZVyU4+73lxddhdKm/zHXTf3z77KOTD b5Fxr0FzywFi/1zUS6TpCIq9eOp2VuB9LLcjMIyShmu9KlPJEC9DuZNz//Bpui5HJg5Ny/TEgbYD QyXZIZTeW6FQvz0TWcNvbwwdyOcRjV4OtwCbDzrUCF3yQ1EndjTGWmHLKuk7NRqhf0yo8BhHPM45 8KAnNePOvgF0JIH9au1qZxf3QnmwYCLr2me/z1pIhdYa7y0VThCpwQblDMQpnAPIKkZHfPclOjf5 Sq14NFGnzRR17e08KdPAPqmaObTblzgXOJKDxewt/g+voiXq6XKGjdMODVcm25aQUK24107OF9By RCmTXBjY5YZENFDDB1AkPCWEc1bdAL5MIIUrTFVev7iPcLsFIbbAwum+Nk8oH1YaRGoW1BUsZMEa sTiKkUpH9g+KCfXpRViOmVVy0wNdrXluVuePRzPnWPVOx7Qp0ucTkrwhsvifDOJaQN+IIMcgNIHN VGGBDccgMFmy9kYeS2oXmc9AOX9kacz9AHzvohp5hqLfwgv7LVpL7vJoJ1LwIxcxL1Q//fAE9ptn LH7V9orrovZzqLaTqgphiUf9VdeFVfUS1BG7uh/2/lEjvlxA29haNFoFiJi+XkRZCNV2VV7BDdHv PvQAM3XGSrwvmc6yjuNLHY366Xr2fUn3LsKAq80XxcXi1GYYdtb0LPZeXn1LNHAP+3KM5atoV5D5 HdNyH92ZDvMK3XM9tG3H8g6dcxN2ecFm4pR6wemMdj1vxs94v4ZStgQ0fZJTrb5xfPNv1VcnHPl3 kG0xEKmSkuMMZh2ETBeJV7ThS92/YoZLTShVqIypnYQuTMfkCu53pq07lgNNM9mpoGde0ZVevVsD y2u18gBSs7PsOuVA9s+p+v7y4eVaUEw5pEBGr3c+ku1T8QzQc3stjqNULd71VIx89AcNxTUpZ6DX Q2TEbiQhB6ibnAWil6Pxj4J7knegtG63E4EFJG/w5FOz0lN6C5GkcGpCnUMCkDD7cdVtxBQaoZl5 4efBrrr+iF1/tpN+6EfmdN+gkxkqqYlo+wlKuGQJWPbgTOPVxtckdri7fZnpeTTfcWH4fOwtng1S Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 74] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 iaNUVZEItBZzak4hjekAn+PwLZTCS3GAb9Xxj64GRiswlRf1oqGJuSjT4QPYf3V6IjTuS7NYDegc fKCCoK0x5ozFU4XEro71M6D+apYifV1kpSRz4kmuqHKAoo/jwMRXan2ZOxeW18thOK2+SfY5dI8h Gb6YfZhwWufs2+aub8i9T1Xk0dXSPN9wmkwNC24+ckf9wQzPmNFRACOQCgQoiQ0//EC6+TjT+zPl mY1QCnOU8W+WHZ2R4+OkiGEJMJQH5aVbsmjrovELe+ogsTTilT3NEAyycTHtxvRjs2sb8W35C2jj NG+Ya8Aq+ohL4kUffP1LKq0FFzPgKIhLjnzwjLCXUoLzeg5uIROFs61cpAXcmIy12N+azCXNy047 sHsfGRGGpozhrY1IWAXtjjUAxRXWWm/zDgnrJmTEpPMVWfJizPFk7nULvSbh0jDUo12lRSLngMRf kAQ567cwx/+iRYQYsQLFEgnlDKBGjr1LqBAF0OQsz3qqZiH8lfBgwgwjk6RwQS3rgM+pd+T912Kg Wp4d9B8N58eeVvKqQuGK2NPTvJkhP4g8M8ldeaD+UlOs5KrvLmgdEnl8TEiCy7A6RBhQnbqyWBYk 73xE+VNEPzVfZD6Mrf7dwscz3RGFuw/n7NKMo9IhYcXmTWnYeIdTreLJrnongVLuy69lg5kxjO55 oR1kisNYlOFagJezc6ZRuio38N5On8vwBZbkPLjkCs6L00SrgTOvu/UTu1fUPDAXJ5QpLtya5uuk RA/P0a1nP2EliwbIVJPQ/9Tb48Ajdbmzg4eyFV0OrfoTk5U5g6rugpi2rBn5YhyqgfS30ALc5gUN IwTVi9qEQK+v1VkyKHt/UqkQX8F91tZrMFj1vFNNq5Tkd4AU6/dHxo563jr4ncUQ5wMS71msOBWN imyNQDV9v4PQySpXV2ezHRWcRwmO4NNkdvZWnBRfnKm9oFw9EWLELXFqo1N00th9LJi0EkYjQDre 62fPOY0WRYkTPVU8Mm82xl7GIaDijZbtXS1xzVBN0pg0JRjbTiuQphcYWLpk8ecGPiZjMRXgnw+A i8ifMsqRgV3Qa11bO18gSb1pgPd5nPKkKtbv6u9ekpisO3XkKGUJclX3ehV4ooH7hIOGVl2toIMA ELYTL6yGU2H6jrIHxuYtlJUPJK6nmh9ID9A1Sz6gEHnGYuZYlMlUvpYvkeMjRgCDqWYq0CdEBUq+ 0St9lv53Kg2eFygoMTqq1KVeEB4ERpn+MCoKhEqBLXl8XsADEdl+03OOcOw/FYORSxR07EwCR7XB 927C8mGL+fsp69NXQ6f2grtBANfUijhgCT7NOkK9L/KBObL71Gd1gtQeFFBQeIiI9klld757A+w4 lUOF8NeNNDusCpk+SdV2YD1PB5LafzRns+cG+WqhzPzIU4MmuRFvboDP28yMSa3AbkHqODos0txU EIBSLmECweImy9s1Cm1GhKtiPXW47P/+xHICPZ4/NiFscUUu3V1MQunXSf+sZrsGDZqF06YxcFtA +/CRMkWWVHpvZpoxsqI90h73theNTbfoJR+gXs2YU/JpcnxZTcUfZAX/jHPxPymlOCEiby/t9aAv BwNdduhyri6eMDvRs8HgDOBpsMURJztmlcUbT1TcWYzQ2T53Qu0CaZD+GBqW74cFMl325SZwJVkm mXYnHxqWgAVSCEAARMEUymEeu+alQ1zGYR2FoFpDwQ/EDY31WYx1MtZlaqMJF/UnMbJbLdHq5PKr rpCKlLRyLkxtBKnX+mIGyuic/uFwsNwAZRH6zjCB2LlYPBrP/p4AqOIhBsm+ti0IXQanIBzeor+m QAZXIjrLgHPkUmmRh23sq3sWclA5mAXiqFOiduEPVFXk4fF7u283mORYrcR+no2FuBCafZt3BTsc wJVd8DwbBh+a2sm4bRObDFyYejykmAfGIVBbkcBJ6cT2zc1BfxsNJAH1Z1Ocv+eImT2EWnE8Tfom 9xMes8iYtEHDhAHaAteDruoljFP8eegRQ/ZhxCFLXkYiFNhwoJwHCEPV5SSuQNF3M1StNZT+3wA6 aJfgXW6QJ2l/MetdKd5vkrJs5f7lX9Aj5cW+FHeZggEVqbMIv4LMrmkZaqaaMbb9mO1aplktgN1x CJ5i+wBIj9LMqr8kteZ1wsk4slyKBV1fLhXI/t9yR3y576RgOw7C0kgGH2sOAAAARiIhBriemMOL gr9vhZ59JZvE1FJsfm80SKC4LQ2+WA4yeNujBQJpDLzrAh4JBycJAggCBwICGwMECwkIBwYVCAkK DA4CFgAAAAAALcQg5sqr5ZcMumVlGoZxeQbiU6/73Qu3bi+uw5g/MeZ1KrEkZaWr2p7tT3CVJGus ANT07HLZaziiiKaTrM0NJUeRJqSJbN2jA5G1RKei+ovEyLofdwqLITezDscvBGl/DPrcXmivIIXK QAed4C0QEy++i2uTl5i9uMUKbZA89lbo/g42CSyNEP4E4zyAfqNzJ5Wn1co09DWQnVzytbYt2iXv PB/pyWFVgBc3zsvT2ccGenTCmT8lKt0UN0xLAiBctIlqSG9vtbfR5jHrViG7Dt3mxnP//0Iqlm0/ P5VjcONOzXwvKSOPDFBKDoxpsEcj5OHeA9ws75bd/2TJP6ENPsiMnb48LPIdlb2H+RYPOtl1pekG n9WUi+AQs0Buqt/TnBMt55rzk2GuZS3brEdBnXQ6VNRoUtTHXugg63CbHobGXMTOziFxnMP9j13Q Ej5J1+rubgdWehMt93hB897uc/d4J+czALaEW7E+Iua3qDeu849vyZDBmQm332nSPA+uE0SlgJjJ YL/66JUhpQ+5B4ZsyzT9iOx9StDPiTlvrYFDDAL0c56R502O19dIndl0M2lKbRPl+mmOI+uEaQs1 OPNgHtxAHIGihEHYMPzrY5ZX1aRTAt0YI0PQwidWR23q9AQR9VeWtaJPfciAzrDwNKZJH009IRVc pMnI+aDLxgM8tg73ZU6dX2cEMpSeyBEusTt1JVpdUUtm793bFHy0lFpFbWIH4JFihlTmd2kK72an oWmPgc3fHAFF0qX3Yu8ERmfJI3kzFpbXsDXelBV78Z0oDh42OAZnvNEiL2Qx6M+L6OM6PyWfJ5K8 YpRzrBAsy0Cd1niCROLuwoE35mHEkMXsVdWdzOjqDRBoB6DtFxXg3zA6CSrPt1DkwJTvjikCcBof THrCH7VGxL+JSmuCrQzN3z14GBTc4G8h9Qs6bIl3+njtYd9a8B+pUUD222KCKdPFROGg1z83cCTW bYE4Ap+C+KmSIG8ttqe2xomyX6uWl2Cb6bV0VugPkoUIhlujItEBCb8PEpeRxc6f/GbXMhqI8aWs +6RLMXAwTIjNXY8vT2IOG1Gm5AyxwC0d/hxvjQpTrfB0mf+o/COX2qwxU+LRsvZlSDwmmMcIeP3B xpalrj1LkbtnAGRyHmaARyN75F6oUHqpIaQnqLOMl3J3yAgJdB5gfGL8PHI08IndkNEQm1aSOJxs mML7wh0Et+n1DqVMXCLTI1kkwKyIIIIsfowfTNSgcikOfc/CyPO8nnYqlAFNmVQczecwRwbrOSvp UGwV5lUVHKS4KVrnbFSr35f01I8aA5bwO+8M5P/md2GbgVIzH6QbSrILiECN4lxb15ORIv3Jhirw Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 75] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 Zas7vWPh17BnfcIeqXxCIal4/vrO5/y3rNembVIxisETnsmNPmv0/t4TipEvhdViuEUaYpdLfDMX QcF93mVDlHckTcKDp/atnUrVyKzSadVThKMgcVDiY45lqfHYramtQf4/6ZaQfMaqISLwh4xF+pKN 59J9iQvUY122VSUTFGj5Jgfu79/R9wcvRNSxQ7ff9eELRyEHlLxn4TGstmNkPJnrovXodyOac5H8 cnZJqQLydnGIwgBe44cwJ1P2vu658EOfWz2Y2Lvkvynb7QRx1aSnLhavyz2xsHORMLoRh4mtSlZk 3m2d7cckOLibdjB65No5OGzI/vLMWzHXFHqDiIM2I2+1GqeIHaO8AivJ7YBzsIQ84bYg5xbfsTQB pqhEJUKYHTdmBRHrB+z1VNzvUfYQ5laN10n0D32nKshSrU+D3XFkvQrmzCio/m8DVYVH7OaP42Md 0TgMSXKYDuuOvVEtnnMtsD/YPWwU5DlNT8q7gWKo+kr3McAjXPvzs+e/TPfD9OjaqvA81w36Dmlq WzmD+NiGrAH6fWjGpzbI5LJ6MRmkbs1r5JPXbvB5nLLS3hBHYEUsulnej9QLfzNixXiBGWBHhPj5 RCUfwNueQbuQqHI4I8CJPBvMwlyoE0//wHFaSBq2uGhEtlEUPWdq2j7THKBt1h+jOB6e4xSwRQFC oXLOOGdOBtU3lINMtdf+V/YgaOhGpI6wZRzNd2jUrV58vewU0P004U45atk2+bu0hVlDvYGDlMEs 0j3FL+FiAelcXxQh5YsOFXkqJNlGuODf+4Ouvv5Xs0qdzwXvjZrdSROVD8FQ21brR8JvmiOa06Cz NJXg2+I+ck7kpcQZk307tzxl/3ogcs0fXGxDUkO3rO9p1QjULNPLvKYE0OCi5fRB3aTQljbzoCsx LIGZCSysqaK9bcjqkY5FU321yn4EuzCr2iMrm/a8zrvnULCeBjZf1u5dfZtedfFxOzrtHKk74TAw RwKNGHCslkYRCThaBzV512RjaybD5siyYGqSaLRumRmSEL9roDug+9qAPuwyAbv/uGNiov/AYE3J MsG69ts8uR5NNdZ9aYeuj4lM7DxuVYX60RGzLhQezvUidPXEHNQD41+HJ2RbrQof84eIi/GkjE1M WoBLFOBD0b6uaEKIFUZCDx43JXVfH1xsdo8luv0WP+iOM273u881z32kH2JF0YBHawUEY5zFGyKZ p74lsY3knNdTMDff7CW5cyG6gHYlFHAFDuwngSjn0pKFT6H5xRd0MYO7Et4aYFZSwHkMxpKefuwl u4zTXgd96nMbT3R8S6sqd9+XzZVvbZdle3wqbYoi+5CQpSj2puoAOpRh95WhCdYYgc5ZZHFw782H 9iWsB3EaqPfauKf8g/OKkYsK5rWU68Hgy4cJR4ufcsOQUEydGVgqyXs5M4BK++9ulSKO9DUaqKDP uPx9ivf8onrzesRn6A75A0YVAfTceCobYMjS6TJt0BiAXA1QPdNJmEd3CTdXn8+Pm75jqWIq5GJ3 j55yVgDrpead9gywrztSYShcqRfg/1oVaWjWA/UElsNElm+SQGbjUp3H1vPyRuqEUYWeoQUgZE2e IKPr1oDvDBn8wOVMiFyjsZgrtA/UjdslxK5luqRXVrd8gGwpHm2KNvg2VXMgVzWiYjZyGEun8ZVi WCR2lBCza8Vnx4i49c9sHXx5U+6CRFo9XQ4UKAcBvw1okQvspQ3y1Fw9kyn6R4J2GsuU/XtEi50/ 1DhkOGa45EsdY37v0SgrhRaoT5VtEYZuBhISP7THLECVQ58gCFa7U9ISewcHIVtJ3o1xsXDELxgD T19K4NNDK2SK/5GlFk5Kh+ckeUgV/1Fv0RtXlNf9hEPoeh2DJFexi8IqmiUIxkZCnQb+Xgz904LO Jl19xXnqtwvVcfkaAv6gXyiw3Bq0HyUD73H27jf/yx/9/f2Ud7shNvvlWR6FeuVy8+sHKOnv6WFG J92n55Z0MUWe18gXyzWh+4L0TL3SSg82EbwTGu4cap0JZ2Gm/VLrfIQA3uY8cTfgGmngsN5G8AEn zBvZmKFZnXQTVF67Ixc9sYKIpCMOk0ma9SiQbt8NoFGxHAz18jfG+C1ng3Qay9xfeOkMBNvS//ny rY+tw9XrPIRsEuJRMiuQVikC0XIdSw2qmNDdkhJKlK/jKsYNgHoxj094KwXJpdngRsNK8E4j2761 xAXT8L/aGCgl2iqjCGE9zTokZPeWz6vQEUrv0Y574tNWGXBpiSClkS4Q4uC2xr5K2FBSuMnAPJ0M BsX0ZaMa7+9icqIzD+bRgkcWW7ELfPlKLarTCTSjxCCUNTldkm4xDhtVDjanSiNUKpgmaULVaCd6 95lMiglODunfMq6m1aWQp89nkdBLomt2ZaKEA2JizCLnixaOZPsk9jYY5MxmsECsum2iK2+9Cwhk GFRoJ2JcBjS3XeUSuFD714dQI+m2HifcIDu8+n7Ecktsw2B/nQTf5WecNgkHF/ILVpEoEyxHfy7d ypVGYIjd4bwdX8nK5tcTkRRSUFn4/oX1EYajw3UlPXK7xMmSUiNxyVpTldx8n4SHEFqZxVTl1bVl N9i9TmnWC/bCW4gyo+ONkWqSgF/IRXRS5Qs7Gmp7vCFs4V1tXSEs2jtdJCSsJ6j4hExqA97FdCLM ydGUE9mbu6yfcYmfbNXQldko/6HtNzEHuMwfby+L0Z+ZlVRo7OP/CSGJt2bgAtrbwmLaPr2Fz6Db ujqUgQABqaSLhntwiZY/mYVk6J8htV2SQjfxxYm/oxF7rdk+VrxMqG7OIgLx2TCfE9VlPBnmcEyl 2EUuZFekpeyL134fUhJxCHv4kN1a+3+xBTqJIEuxOYbVw+yCQdxO2Lcha224LOZgDZs83NLp7jFn Wih/EKPphLvUZfcQ8Eaql1ZrKFnoxYjyYb08OU1+KJCz7M5T84cF+Pkp2PU0RnlTA9rNTUxdo9BY /2t43klwQFck99aRq/BqpOnfQ7x1IXcT6y07hSCf0rFrsEvVieKmi34GeCwTRClm4QJAcDzLDaxh 4VWHl1Q2i7UJP4tn/eOoscndcUfoyrjHGEd1NTN22OnvEAkUtQ4sBxmgg2k5ZlZ0E44d8PfInKaP Wpz/pCv8TRVHO7exvm+pxYA5YB4GryxMpy8GbOH6OCJaTeD+/yO1oWqBo2ti4c4rG7tucRC4rcvN cWwVRF9stfLMYW5d8uzfOytrbz5gn/RqfjAVSCn/YCls0W9SPv09LvHYHiVhzDcaf5IryqZN/PNj biRo+TvYVAbw9kZm2/x1GXzCK+eGCPmAxMxOxQ4bB5bDX1X7EAHu7dNZBDeUAu4MRGypST33aVoB 4AjgvNoE3qboH4BC6F+uHT5xVJLD8ky91ffO7eaYmV0tTtWUTogvD0iephvSMnQozqImxrNQyLyv 5nPByr0kn/MQYwf16kGc7NH9vzW0MSLRd5ziJhSmEbb1L7j8UNtrR/ClQabXnzIHmRFBcvGOJoiK 83/H3qTTfa0r3T5YRxLTYmpmx8gGDlrRkIAm3HmDMD2A9ISvhyn1Pv8ZgKuHtbvQkuQoy1Hyh8jP 7Hm9lSEYpo82pQa++pGT81Fa4fIe3gf1/d2EyJTaG723VKG9XvWqNtd4p6Wq5uoU7DKzDZUWZXkL Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 77] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 OFmmjKg9Qe0Na6wEwRzfPW/vuXB3xXpz8J3GtMYIiSwJUdmG1wls1cLyni/qkrMcKFXrpi/wp5A0 T75z5OxqdJeKW6QOpKgG2qepRhgEFR30THzkAhOa05JvZe6uDzhZuXldswfP2vf/k9NYMaAy5ntX 5Iiu3Xp6NwS0/4GGGY1UUDxj5+S8CEXR/049KG/bcVJlS37LsQYjouzhBBOuhfRZj9ZnyvdL/y54 ShlQ2VpPMVjuC6BUKfdtebhPpzG/vlA8dy2QGPot3t3POyxlnuNp8OZsoIgHQBEC1IePCXe8A3m0 CqJMejXP7Opkxuo0yVFNg6QVXgzWqrAOKmHt6EyHVuXdENUXtIl96+bBHdchvbMLktUyOBW7SFJu FSkGow+LtgGk9DcvgcXsOY445Zj3eF0tCXFP/uLGi40c2j6m5Fk/EQVYBJlADDRDGgIUksQuRf8l UMhqfKd3oywb28+haDViuX/anJ27K1rY44STIGl+c5c1k3eAi7tTdaWAO4egVamTNAxATyM2adWB CEIZKhPUi0pOQltxXIizWwGbXVMX39V5iGVbDRQs1GztEBeWshaX07CbqlnxgDxzhhKyEWtoAEOJ 173GGNccEXcb02b85PttBP6ROM4w/u4GmBdR24FjG3D5SeIyUoJPl/6YjCDwJgLtMBJ/kjSV4B8o aReqMiD5PwC2tCC4WcNMOx6Pt5XJtKWks49UFmWdlFQ61/jA7kk1mwy385z9jHWSLpwyqxD3OPSc VIPjBqERIDzqWLsWUNkXKvW+WmxoX08TJUPgIwwKeDGlW9x0IDNXBywJ8pyiqr05+6jCehcsNs0s w6jaVwXNSr5uYBBInpfEFxJlhoeZ7Xgf+pe0R3CiNHtyXWIOjjX4T770op8lzmxTtbJ6rHoiVsHY OrpT9w9sE5e0gjB4HUHiHEkZrs8g0AVUeVr155IuD11TCAY3lYv8oPWE2A9NapZwNR8aFZDFGsP2 iMiNARlPXtGV92tdVkvozsvEKuxxHVyya5ZXcaXn0w59ALKUUQ6+1WHUhJyOIO6A/AxKdKQ65b5q 5CZbkGi7Z9A9tmoCHE6TLLuThwOZEj7fhaKT4mNHuNLhLhjJPaDCJQyGfifBWGjJF5KB6Q4xkIS7 4Gn2oiuU3kEesNwPtIg+eEZOHUQaYfnC6gs4ydeoZ2W1sb0FJOsBIdHGqCto5sMRTjvZkWDvbH96 qsqPnkGLHGkEGbC3KvUJBnGdfVFg91XozWJ45f2HtUIlsKC8BaDC5187s28bCJM8Cp49738RjDHR G4IqAmf4Vr1ZSi+xDvaSgdTxVJhNZUAWDqFkoEvqRroS4W1xT8HJkDopgSEUlWEc6czHBCwec/Fr bw1+WJAsGys1WQWaXgC+//n32V6V2eQ0Vn/bij1CFalI9kf/NkW8rHi5q1A/X90vpT8Wcl/R1Wpm nlVjXI5FgM6+5x5OxgSlXOyU/49/J94COTxQGWqGsa5A5S3pZ0jrE25JHbIRIZmh21mPUTOq5T5k mhI7I1jfTtjDLodHiZKMCWiPYb9d2m/6StGT3YaNEVSJFMe/7qh7dxY/7FAdbMOx/6r4y/RLcExh EWKNUuppXdjHOzMZPYp/S+Re3FXMEFjBCACTEVQPMkUh4P061WIa0b1AviW9YENthGZCAXHJjvv1 flvtq7IWtFgPMB9xDIC/55W92yrskG7HuujsXfjz24Rf5ZoCfR1AmMHI3pRH2145+nVw7Wb5Fvh0 dbUNUa/I2U7dLaRBJKW2a2MQN1wgYcfmHWZyOLnDAc8sGf1LMBuNr8tLdcjuKCuE/oxizdlJTaF1 bT/tWHAR0P8+KMqeS9AUJwCp21hJm2lD7h2ry7wKSgY5iK3TklCAKW/lar8arS+n1I8qU6ox/YxJ nnQft1giL8ggj7dlDp4aZ7scBa4c/fpEtFeMVsx2LcfkXcp6vm+OXP8keZZS4QTUgmmBjFAU05qG tVPEuxhE5F+oFkH6/rq+Je4O/Co2zJXBmRebJoO94rH/d1SBADQjkT6NEgDGoRSP8KdNto5nbJ/1 Ury7f3g3+Q0N5aDSV+sJak3y6pD44fY3WhC3CsTDAMI9WpAT7uRF5benHafnhUMPP6Vez6KiLYUs TSqRho5e5tXUQW8UeI9f3qCHCrxo6B3kpVV8Nw6HLC4+ib7JBuWEYhWO3LvpmYl1Ctw12hJi+BI5 f0LcWzU5ixk6odIW5G01hRyc3hCqCY89qFPCLoawF93VzVdUFXQfSzubcNX+YSayDK64wd8U63qX CGHPBYq7lAnAs5mCcEnH7p9AzpeIMNhjInNOoJMfAYoaFWtiPcdJBxV/2hh6ksljHzK/UZ6uZfb4 N3ezkqktl35fUyBX98qe57luBak7wbEcP4SQUQmid2ZDOn6zQUzp4sfiljdVTLVYY7Od7WCvi+RE GNp/MedwRk0+710iG8x6jxcZ8+7AscsCfVS6EpjKfmCpPK9tMrfTPXekN8I/OXaPgfM2KYuMmtU9 JmiY6rvk+RHV7C19tkp2ZWT3x0xJzWBwPBZewIinO8zOYaaMFJpK0mtTjCjNVsJCjRnDarLXehXF oBeB1j3LJZICP5dhG5SmsHLnGb/b70Sf12hSHGHJYTLkluHFcLx0dXTP0Vlgzk4rZKDhnYdPRWLa P4uQ84YagwmyCZMHAhYlTBqG8sMOrp2Y1ocMwDKHN6GTX/vXUqp9WiiT4CR/ycIG7lBkZq7+f7b3 oPv1iyTPXIiKfBDEX425zbU+yhS9mIH8zoLTVnm4FtAhT1GDliXTUQf+75KjW7JuLdSdpLHMTH00 vP20aa6JqIXAbx9ezjVga1O7EeYwfRLHNuA0QzdBVQ+i6Umzm1mdWxuvz5nGe7ivsszPXrRt8Am6 /H7UYCUmEy4FKoFOc47satE1ZYOb8drJbfenhIBjWmW2ARGOtuaC0HAjYayhfJtiRDDevH5Z/R+F Sbyv9elMxvcc1BtHZWHODMYuisps402m8gVOpDz8Q5KLFb4qTc5ot8odUR9KmrX1ZsHBtfmqUe8B kaacj3/JZFHgC2FdbnWpSH4GYZ2iUliczaBOAHKF3LgeCUCQ6YrfOYlssuBHQrmnqVVeb/Jho02O HfTM42OhAGOXR+9O8NieMm5twXRcZXJnuTtio/s/KLcQEkpD6Tf9e2+jsOdvvyYYOEtsdlzKOdmQ LmPMKCKvdNfBb+kSH0NY0N42Cjbv8P2aAPbR/Mm+sKv/aSJnwqaqWfyY0rV5YpiNwO97BBGLft6u OwdgYw+My+roWxOQ9cP8DhTZr/kGNq7kydc+gwzY/oF95+9BQoLZ8aLRwiyQcI/gHlvy74J2sqLx fLrNmnD4B6y7t18vKu64QLUzsgenS05xRrclFmYFwiCJwJGP8M0UxJhCZ64JR+BBqZmHeJctNLWP iV7rQybkE1BCzrqHA61NYEfyAe3R1C/f4948kr30qiFNfx5EdFqsorT6TEHaed2+XJ0KbZC2nVfy i7UFyXsiIo5EjCFXSBnTb/6U1LcR3Iu6QuWaSnF5JA+DW/+iw5+T99terWp12BbLukB4j0qSOVs9 P+JXvFy5MPfHo1LBadddcS14qeAMPrgsylRikZFRhW2QN6ek79k3POvQ1MNfD0lqznl1ugMubGEo Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 78] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 nWKpGqukSP1ZHJH/1+c8uhvG1Y7YYR0WvVw6cQ7RTK6ZQcs9QbUJwKUGtGLdk20Oj+W/WsNzzUKq 9QFeRIvNafx3n2h+mPvnRTGDqUQfElt4C7wcntbNxsSfmozwa8XTKgRmxoggsRN2oRW70TAGDj7B 7Un2leBY8JoxX7xd1dQqc84IF2+OIinNGth2te76JYN99EQemm6aXeq3SwnBhF4hlY6DvtBSe6zC oR1wpB1SGzHfNx/kbJBMF4xgI8Emnb305nYh5/xa91BKIOPXXCv70JMYd2ewzH5TmHdFy8ZJVgdV RnMow0VmSCNgA8SZQSHcbgf8np6goOqDI62z78ycQqxZjjsplw2KzGnXnShgziP5pIbaVXtGfh1Y uwikFWbrwl8GXPqoE3hH8QrTnPNY8sbVRHajQzhvHPKJnBhwQTIX2lErGaaktt3DiJVGeqlvQF6j US0wqyZgzsV6YaG2Hoxn6ifnOyrGxm91roG48ZZD5A9Oxg5GR05abpCasNbjIUyfptrnGiFMkJPO 2N7m8f0yRwsnPEFUXnqGipW6y8/Z7nm2zSE/eHnH0toUH0FV3+kAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAsRHB4t MDc9x8ZsBmkMvOtnAAAGoQQ0mWb6y25B04lY01H8hiiH9KpQbrXnW+gIM9/jrxy1XVD1sRgbTnbD njqznNktVILmoF+k5xkfC1oKt1togn01ZPLQRQYONJ6X1bbwM2G3CJ26OzHPZ5mxJQKtX/Q+ICYZ qMCy13T7L/eVpWgQPOJFfLntDl1Gx1SDoVkzE6Ga4gJnglvKeKyYTUILaroRjVqMasebz3UVawgz j5QKPmJmiyP5P5kgX/wokGkGY5JMWL5rvNiVOiTisEFKGuIVSBj2JCGGaJHBmvDjREtkMn3rt47E jEO4rTlKLWenYrZ5bG4XTnFmoRnQIFfJTHdyeycSMIDrYxKUT0SsmtVobdV1pjfMBvYCWdnYiJrc uwO0qJvnvWmhn6o4pWb8jSesHjbAe8pAxnr0DnAzeKFDW6hUORuzx3iYT29SBe+FrTv7NeebY3T7 NunBsnCDsocwa7sEjqgFL9SJML7AFz3gTZbHe1CDszWoyWBkXT7jfvNFLrwqyrtHqNV2D3BJszOx AV7xjm36hqM8igSaCJU0g9tTuQe6ejvimFu6k3Fqs6YMQKvHrc9LYqUxH/ljuNojs/xJbh+gDqPp b2SHGuEGNWuSsWq2i3XbnwEzcFrXGfloIU4BCHqqhxq4zLPRzIBTI4GxDBIjaO10z1WKWDwytZJG VsipDjw6JqihLfmFWHzIizW5I1dhw2fVaMWLXYFMNQG0xN01DqoAMQpGR6QYmAHsed6BSVKsGxmX n9ShrH7sC/BFmvMHyOX6OgmEohiqxUnlv0h4uHWqkgfzvV0HohWkgfEMYZxGK02JH32IQt6yOnpn c6r7uJ9iwdEEp4xccZb3knuVLJ+XGr7RY4mDwEIRjVBQiLBzxMA4SbAkswVFBqM3oHKiFPYZKOi3 yHwYYSMZzIb0Wp15KIQGJJQnuOIiisXSgKvRuFK8eGnBEGEYoodnb4MkxIBLsV+BW4mIXNo8FSVI zI8psg7nramJm3k7RV+rpVMYFPk1C/ggm3TSInryV4mbiC4GFwkaWt7UBfkwRzqLa742O9BhKzY1 AisEHi2YZfS5gYq3CWJUB4Dwcv9sVVFWH8qqsuyXxEcpKDvqFoc7SB7LOyhUr+ykwJbEgTZmULTz TOA7GhJ6iZYxSjSoHu7mDJY3jnsxcZzSFo4QMTxzusfrFDjEDQCIQ2yGHI2Hz+UpXPXYQqeamwFo YaJBaut0yYbSO+YApQVMvuy2wbflwGPgoKOcxuS1tjgKlfnmgfoyuUUbH0fUDio2bSoLhuMSsIlz mL2jpyESWKWmApZjnm0cTBmiv0dqPtsZVPCwT5k4gWO7imYXqBmqruXZtwJRM9rbVrKSjagETMqc bCs8CB9CTWX5RfwFlwNGDQ+RVT/JZHrFEcNhm8lRaQmTCugDbyZZZQbEVZqXb91icJ7lXfarULqL hiipguMqQiM3f7ollhXbp/GDvVVyGsaiZ+KXzCzJCibDMjeqdLvYcZjDPgLhy1a1ljhJb5aoVk0X uvXKSVBWat4LM7ybxmLnNPYsObiDNLG1umHLokW8OC6Xx3qHoXLJBgmzOs1cjGvgN5sDZCUcGj9B q1TcgrDCqeeLVipFu3BLU1o2q2obBM2mzybTd1gmsh80qH9HPWYSFQ+nLGgDTwymEBOFMY2rx3d6 t/Plzlnjn9cgPDt8P/d1ry+kV5ZUPMOIqesLOxMpByHQmq26q9VxD+WUNQ+xratpxf2qq9fyyPla yrBZsPblh3/VwsOoV5DjbX/pN9k7x8lGqFf7DGDpLkYHZLXcziL1im3cQG9MUZoEUGXTS+zkOytW vv0Ik5dllVHjm4Zcp2qCN0mlF81SgB2Ws5FzNl3BFdt4R3xTKqYJQmRcyo3CrnYWqdEUXvi5N3bL aY+angpCvcmrtYP5x+s7V2mQQRS3l8Z3hWZ0BxxzXrOMMzmUyLnyq+ghOk4hEDI4Mi2ctThFJ/Ry qyCsgh8QgUR8yNDItHQ5vYD5eqtbF/7mtZyhnt4LeWoUPXtke7WkBdLFdCVkN46WhkhER/MjSiX5 sOPTBVEJtc6KTXEgw8wVjs6olWBWJGOAobOsnGvWQJzLhEsXf6ikNnMgmu9cBuSlxgyGoKr3xt0D Ep3WAS92X7yFq29IaYYAai9kDsxKS6tBDI+aiWa3wKUiic+CmLHmGsELSISLpZ91L6VgKkgKDNE5 zfwwRf5nxnrSkyzbpL/UCabhLM1RMJQaAGoBEb4Ka6C8WMh4b1jtpYS9lSy+8a2gw+35BctoBAzU trPUADKClderKLMMj4KwhZ4C7UoXESJBkKR7Yi1ymg0U/Bnw2yEs5s3/LoXJCfZr+AYXd1xjSuJ2 g1YdSjJuNtzQTJ9YssNNGW1VXbSJyYl1DyFNS4pRYJt59pfg5CyzUz6NJ8Itz7V2JIJ2nv2AIVWC YFW4QJ2a1fbj/pAp9aWOmv62wtIuBhhrDgAAACwiIQa4npjDi4K/b4WefSWbxNRSbH5vNEiguC0N vlgOMnjbowUCaQy86wIbDAAAAACRHiCxDEVtihmld2Mdj8C2iHbsXqXrf+2ZagnQP0+L+vC3T0ds 0K73FzpALZUPb6LfR10UsoUGuayc0E4PluXOG9ycKcQ5iie5pV9yAu8wGPnyxoBlQpmH9PdfnXH4 HL8LWiAJIKhjChYKCs1bJSs7jTC0fAaALFwyuub3/deCcmNORPU4j0EaPfwnBrYBBrhxZHihEcZ5 e1fvYb2CX2DBLk+HMJcNK7dXWFeub6Y8hrMgP5oEgbLkU4NFv2fyrvFx2tZ+kyFjO/EjGF3y+jNY K24JPijMcdFCIyviC6aeVZdxk21Xq2mLtZDjMBJ5cG3lVZbEvE0VmRG2dq16RrSAt4T1bhR3774Y fyyhtONiYFum0ImUa32ncZhS39FcJv7UwYYlxq4/7w7949G6ntoI5quWGDI5Vs92OHs/8EdT70Rz y6OVymqttx3GyyD5IS8Qe0xQQaKl4hACTN4cUq1M9TIrz4nCtsD6FeDL/jacGXWIjThn9GPuJ+Bi Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 79] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 S0CsJDFuiR+rCNsWFAUeJC4N8qhgSzktwjz/lRFAY0vBhvjdkMQoiR9oggnGFPlVCIsuT61sXM1Q MWtWVxyoSOaNwU1SvmSUuT7c/AFy8YXSC/oRKAZqrKYlhG6ALbqmFJfHuKH50qoVNhZDhR/3kaZk B/EXZBCp3hmzbnR5BlFSt7vfZHiRC27BECB2KbsxzbvXSoFCJf6kB8sK+OLARHLOrPGsUB487IbF 6o1v6yoPwak2BXiAcQiKGINOty1VTNLUAf9hL4ZtnXcmkY4lTdDIfdSDWu08VXrN5uVINp1F/GsE ZXxSbKRJiVRRKQvQY4k84kR9FxXx5mVCkPnBDqdzb/pSHl45RuivP2/WbSNis/BCR3rt2L8DVtw9 85Ujazf8I6xsTv9+OmzbxNx/S9P37Bh5QO0QhtW+nUNmy+8LKp9n/fthFMQqxjhGC/1UXUo82B3M nPIppdVkBWcIWoPbSwDg2Cm6dmf44zy67c23pCuv8P8FFpCDxqlPr8J4yfH81bNsqGZnD9Lz/HwK /eze2xymxXOIfqWENy9MBUbb40FNhlP0IXnG3TV16GwNd5NUYuoMyQO/PnbNFzuCw+a1+3D2elu7 TLAfAhWqMSVe8AWtNFgsl0Xt+egcdMp55Pe0xpMGkH4ZDDl4/xs4XjPyc8zv+e+nlkN1iy8Wio9L ib2mzi81r8doccHORi8ci0V9KH9Ky2YBICU9IxG7Fur8ddiOozlcCEEJoabAzyrQK6cFmij7pBIE 3aR6iklPDLJIuS/y3MqHJiuqa2Myx+8q+R3KOpmGswbraO1EnmfT0SRoYZvcqoS9j7VAt0YQ8BUx Wj6MAXmkWhilghY8a/Zn4BvowYE4fCjDdPNlpvALbjeQ/5B8cgyLwMpymxpFTHs7ipv+vsLLxIL9 ly3f3puA1dzJ11WGvMx7E90gPoGrQ883Jo1o+U1hAxOiqaNKjS/kUSt7JxDLeVSN0rFx2dQxscsB HHWyASEgcnvUnqeZAbqSnwoaVgUWUxvDR5zcotAUUhplErnbGVPYMvAkOs581io+ukX6u/bzemw/ R63uyZXPnJY0PXcTlg8UZzUZF6QE61QR5uzplTSdXoNOlkpURpWQdeXjFNw3h4xX1ePtltq1wb20 zUDp9wXERLaa+bz0o+2AIC02k5Zmm675gK/acHqJkXnRQHfLtZDdlDTILDbztsnlJp45BI8jdiq9 sNJEFtIdAuE7yX1U9S4tr8x8Cv53jeTlEqh/pJTcg3q4C3POL7X0jtwqks5TL4qK/OWbMHPyp201 Re7zDlfadnnhPKgBOu4/vkW+hyxQXDaSgiEvRoH9cGuvXx8DLh6TY/H4NaTN9HiWhj6TNKySkHee XX37c3SjSzJeL2F+nEFuEh4KiJ6cRRPaQDrkp5yCw89Pn5zUh80OGCjkM2ZnfT1KKzx2PzU1gfxs fLbiW1tjqzTdudQC+a+XFRxwfKuLAqSTyVb8S5kSdJSb0II10jHfqsWhCXnYvTgFC2WRQaw3LYP0 9pxb1dYdDv9ZynkdPf2mQdUrbr7ghd/CzroxwIusgNYhJLbKZ87dlfwKaionFMI+8juZXwf4josF Ot7tfaHf4OTgDG4zt6IKslgYgPIOGdK5MOZqCTaXrQ0cZbr8oM2PzOqM41hpey4Wbq3xjWwm7xRE 2zOHxXXhvBOGZO+wX+DZf7AR9gkGU53QQGNBWLRtwkdvaZ+lyJJS9nwOOxpP/L4lC7h5dItOfKdg l4li1AhwB7UkxuZaRJ7kSX0NncCNMY0+8+h9Xatdf7EqBToRgYqvTj9ZmkT/kdOldan2h8U+afRk TAcR4fGVsZOOg2K6+b4MV7jK4cEDHn+gs5zCq72HvwWS3KbIHai3hM2BxQ5uR1zF0W8C3d/QL2ft 1m8rzUmzauznQH7j18sEWQNXjw4cMMXbmOG6BzuMsWTw7mE0suFe2o9XjHiaOq/iJ13kHKZBcDSl 70QP1eW0TO7EwTg8p7lMa2N7/Hp44s4r3uD20lWa1jkpKzFdFdtxXjS5LRQ4f8YM7JQcmCD7RQkj jpSi9gBz+aQy1YuPPIm8aEBNxHEG30USI0OoL64CiD3TdUrMSRiffeXssL4/R07PgPVnnHjg1BMw Xmi7bcU1xalx5Huwyqrn99hFAP6KKrDRHXMJEnjkgJDMRLfcFSHxbDGEKSVhTp8QGXRm6jDxPqTM 5djUKpbb5lPBPUMZyLQNxUiEiSNc2io1FWjnQmKVm+esK1k3LeT+pdaFlS84TvwOQ8DwkZmVu0N2 x76fSaeW9SnR6NXNVWAlf55enuBHHxTTIn/ZX5cw7vYoIg86wwtzPykna6NhSBrkdcdqnGXslCOB omoCCHtrHLNrGjCf2BkNuuh602zzNsvzfDqDRcLSJD+PH64DVJdU4ZAA80DtIUPCPW8a4kj5XRVC v54vNLV9xtQwvV5Vkh+sS4eb6wZmo56GOTOpIelW+3SXlADAGqKM9JlwSeO/yMDxsWJvSXQWn7wW iIGTMCsLkZSugHOscv2KYcMqSK3APogVtE8jjxHq2ab/iur2Mf82WKiz8d+vnGQe7M2nVm33aMrj Am/umtuog9vl0HjXQfpAs05hiMOQ8KG4Z5gJV8LW60TE6CMR2MjW0ByOENYrcFLc33t9uryXyb7Q N2hsEC5XmX84d14DIkYNmAoXzC0FZFgw/jZQMkw3eo+6ei/57DUnVMtgHlk3682l4WmIOn8sj4hV 93SGz27r5bkp1i3Eh/svaYws4W7V1Jm2p6ha+nOhdR9NTOsAyMdvDaeGBrSspPIK1R+kHpGNx/ov ggFCV1YbKGY4O0CdAOhGRKV7Kxjb9C1rMKypnH7uWGLuLc0JYlZ16UEHXsK/SC9L/Cb8gDQoO5yK qU4gccyqmJI+bMpZJUHIq0kyW/U1ybnyW1dW0GpMNWgV3cT4PMwxifIN9RRowh1A9T6OgAwzmTWH 2iyusbU/AugpofvX0S6pmETCi+N03bprP0qHC9ACUtn0pyp+6QJynzUwkqegp3QYEdHrrAndH4n7 bI08IsSzSO43LIjgeThLIjh0AfT4kVuUya8YPQhu/xzSQox4dWGu2d4JE7nPOmz4XZykVScrEgX9 6+vTEp0UzYcwMnzwOKN4PRaWsBNOhTCrz+pPc96wTVvleKGySwZRyFI6V5pUmIaKHyxsK/2acN5N fyrKxF7ypTVaEiOI188R4700OjpRtxBfFNNxm1TgB9dqIxh9UGbvyGk1wWCU7g0AIo40O9C35ivS a6mE63UIldcC+tRoxuPN6wFxbU8yu/9zPXeRog2wNDYLqQ4lnuAvLj2q4/TsCoJXs/3NVxIauTJo Pm7gwwkT9EUxUrfJ//fc1STdWNiwbITDi7YwGh347wZPh2B/hPc5jWARmswSfJxbjLr4vnw1u61V RnmcwqslYid+z5KAXYR2tmDo53/IfXIKGpl/KIMjtUgtDDP+sfulvjfjAr77+Dgz9yRqReX3Q6wF rapil7yU/RRulnYXwKEtC2y7VbvQ4apdNLrEwbKZHjfrzXnFvbs6+zYWYLvzOtUxLwhWjkYMD7U+ YwqK9QLq6d1xUnVHg0d46hjHCpTRjPBvU1i5dZIrcoe+p3sAnqmyG5KpXNqJkYqKlYcEFmm91A/Y Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 80] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 w4jntVvL2rPkVO/8r22NwYaReURfO6YCs+eruG/Acns3wK6WV9gD3OlL8HaYn4HgWL8ivi3xQnsF K/PbV5Docglbc8RxlGzrexene+mogMAaxbhYU+il1P0miBV231ouyN2mFkHbBcoUJqe5NSFHMvJr 8laJZt7IO0BACs2aO/kwM2kIs0l766JsVD0Xcx6E8nmnJEkS9GEuNbWoA3KxSB6rRDZ/XzhpANul fQSHMb7Ag3XTvDSJdvqHRTRzT0Xcu4gC7aCNG1rLkGItaDhYwhEczYDe1ZHwNCqkOYNamBIe1heX DnYX7n88+M1HO5MyoEJI86A3CGBVjPncXV1jHQW8x2+5EPeNC77I5xI9v/6d9z/tYztaHVTjKVwm VT1cSJ4VUA6U7brXQQqyJq6I8km6zRjr2h06PiE1BS4F/L48bzp+YTgQLBR5s29Zkwn1DdrkxNWJ fFfVamzcKhyR8DHF9CCL4km77l2kvwgUQ1lOXbqNWhmnLtb4TLyUZkbmhxtL7/4tAyx5yE/xelWV opWPDbeWHHvGS6flEXV2n0xqwLKL353blPiqFI23E4tEmSpK63fCK0/qShaMGYBdx3ZBjTBrSwin izgkIPKu/MQt4yyxlqEZf7gfrfMPN+Hb00Rh5L+bOKhOgbu1yyJ9IHZom6x4feHuwdkMqXKs6fgd R3nQqvQJdKyxXBxIy9PnP1L5n5N8URlGq+5u1sLXirahQ/cIM7rjJQRNx032DHFe3BnTAfbqugO5 zz0qjgvavO49Wm77DxqAi4H4cO7szu0tCT8FlZhCWA003zkIIruFde6JO/yI9EzB8hBVJWq0WzgW dzy+KBaKQfvYbZzDEIN//cHyjtz4mBesQu0u3wbF6IUzS2j7aEPneMal6l8wCS6Hl0mpJqkj98wA iUNNu6rXN31stX3ZUSE6msYGvHa/CjUxoDw1B9h9ipSY9OvXya4oaWIVDxE/U9edV1sNDfXkGfdp DmPe6gd9TC7HLz8Isbg+guvKxhE5idxXlRZp/r6pPrIYXKpwOzQVg2el7uGB0AnVqRlCdP6tBjho XSzrsyQk56PU+cw86nX9uLtVBnmcUI7zsc8QW1WiNlLkFQunMMWS+tKenhL3GJYp0rnwGi53t4Ei ZyJAJ3w5XSarsASN+AuPXCM2i6z2f7HWhsbErc50cIdeSbiiLEXrP3pkpUKIM+9LJX6EoXEV7SX1 zzgdymr8Aoaz+2Hy5aUoGLvOVoYL+9shJ4GpF6TCk5O/s65IWgap3wV+VNVcssPE4AhuNrjV2Oso h+IBjOcoYW0bKfTM9I+uVBu1y9Ylr1qkPjBaPmBZXVUyRPNKM3jWOcoXzd6uPij6tj8EpMOeEk7P 7VMZjhvHwQ4s5s0A6zYZO3TRDNhzL2rdJRhF83pnRtExXPl37mBt69b9GfPDN+kEyWwEoZDOqMb8 wL1UEBAdVUPWJ5wGURYIrTvypqpza/0XbN5HLe5n9FwwfKVuQPjqQfTfYgGqSIef3Cbq/Z+8eQc+ +iN2NX+2SEh/WzPgQTN+OttMKOuGcgczQ2B+WoKQ6/ZlpWPklYocPdO4Abss12qPEIs0VmXMRZO3 wehkO2i10TFmwVTMPfz7ZEIkaHIjtXpVc3SIGgeIxp/AN74+TW/9+MUVORMNQAFoxGnDUpF3OkUT W157KlJd+cs7R932L3sXZP6vIQXhRJBFotksQHHLZcssxb7HNm+e0GHTrhYMehR5uRIpzWZSecMz eGZKJddFULvjsFTDTDFHrVO3ZyfhOvA//cZb7rJDPv0MIB4TqVCEQL6viiQGBco6N3Wkdk3ZbfzF jpksq2k0ebtKBm2kMrSGCzbBRHtS0vK0wLamDsq20sdWMPqh9Vw3LI3xKw7FRHdVdOv8Dz4TN/gs CEBCSKMHuS1VjNOKJAWyeeh3gSUuuAtA6ZP8G9Drx8QDwPvVE9dWtpk9B1poGsauopKmp2Rn4zeq q6cSS/056ebwI0MqJYxUBFAj/h80w61Unreb/UA+iLqcsfftZiKjIG+mScPkf212Aoh3qhy041ZY 89fpH+/qx2XcTzup1czaVv4ocyMp8H7JE2zrLOvKDynnMBO2WiWP7k2AXcD8Lg+AF8LdS+wWSn6l Gx8kNkbfCyosLS5ahpys3P6o2eL7/RQ3OKHpBAc9SGCktMcBMj9ARo6TrMFAbKD3AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEChUaHycwNA== =VxYp -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.4.2. Transferable Public Key Here is the corresponding Transferable Public Key for Appendix A.4.1 consisting of: * A v6 ML-DSA-87+ECDSA-brainpoolP512r1 Public-Key packet * A v6 direct key self-signature * A User ID packet * A v6 positive certification self-signature * A v6 ML-KEM-1024+ECDH-brainpoolP512r1 Public-Subkey packet Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 81] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 * A v6 subkey binding signature -----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- xcpMBmkMvOtrAAAKoQRKzGkDdUUISwmepEZBGTvq1XdU+lLx0re6UTiVb6meB3jAfPUizxYcQh/l tjUEJOqxAI/0bTtdvM2yUdF+oJyhGE8a1ZHrP9lzgVLhGcgxPbEknwJ7eSM914v/phqijD0/kPEa eTQQeJk76bryASKyHQCkspUBGK8F04BoAMTM6LpJTPETzOAGSOlYSxhaU3KYoWBYkSZs6M6pq8zj pgYDAhuppl9Yq560859kJJpLQBGxkum8CXcr/T6BxBe4WofLvEzPQDKT+fD5x8WxjPBFoAQCdWzb iAoanDf4z0UPnezN3j/oHgQWCYfFwtdDKI7b6d9ccOwbpqva+zkSoqXxABUWhCi6eY4k27mNf7/2 co8EC+naMZADhCeqPQfyIA1LB25y6b9NCXWaVIC+pjOpapoiXV7VfVin9kV/mh4NQIKx2C2fpnk6 l0uVHNbIatUvsnMiLBZJiwfTDSGNTUqIT+dkCC8kj1dd6OZVyU4+73lxddhdKm/zHXTf3z77KOTD b5Fxr0FzywFi/1zUS6TpCIq9eOp2VuB9LLcjMIyShmu9KlPJEC9DuZNz//Bpui5HJg5Ny/TEgbYD QyXZIZTeW6FQvz0TWcNvbwwdyOcRjV4OtwCbDzrUCF3yQ1EndjTGWmHLKuk7NRqhf0yo8BhHPM45 8KAnNePOvgF0JIH9au1qZxf3QnmwYCLr2me/z1pIhdYa7y0VThCpwQblDMQpnAPIKkZHfPclOjf5 Sq14NFGnzRR17e08KdPAPqmaObTblzgXOJKDxewt/g+voiXq6XKGjdMODVcm25aQUK24107OF9By RCmTXBjY5YZENFDDB1AkPCWEc1bdAL5MIIUrTFVev7iPcLsFIbbAwum+Nk8oH1YaRGoW1BUsZMEa sTiKkUpH9g+KCfXpRViOmVVy0wNdrXluVuePRzPnWPVOx7Qp0ucTkrwhsvifDOJaQN+IIMcgNIHN VGGBDccgMFmy9kYeS2oXmc9AOX9kacz9AHzvohp5hqLfwgv7LVpL7vJoJ1LwIxcxL1Q//fAE9ptn LH7V9orrovZzqLaTqgphiUf9VdeFVfUS1BG7uh/2/lEjvlxA29haNFoFiJi+XkRZCNV2VV7BDdHv PvQAM3XGSrwvmc6yjuNLHY366Xr2fUn3LsKAq80XxcXi1GYYdtb0LPZeXn1LNHAP+3KM5atoV5D5 HdNyH92ZDvMK3XM9tG3H8g6dcxN2ecFm4pR6wemMdj1vxs94v4ZStgQ0fZJTrb5xfPNv1VcnHPl3 kG0xEKmSkuMMZh2ETBeJV7ThS92/YoZLTShVqIypnYQuTMfkCu53pq07lgNNM9mpoGde0ZVevVsD y2u18gBSs7PsOuVA9s+p+v7y4eVaUEw5pEBGr3c+ku1T8QzQc3stjqNULd71VIx89AcNxTUpZ6DX Q2TEbiQhB6ibnAWil6Pxj4J7knegtG63E4EFJG/w5FOz0lN6C5GkcGpCnUMCkDD7cdVtxBQaoZl5 4efBrrr+iF1/tpN+6EfmdN+gkxkqqYlo+wlKuGQJWPbgTOPVxtckdri7fZnpeTTfcWH4fOwtng1S iaNUVZEItBZzak4hjekAn+PwLZTCS3GAb9Xxj64GRiswlRf1oqGJuSjT4QPYf3V6IjTuS7NYDegc fKCCoK0x5ozFU4XEro71M6D+apYifV1kpSRz4kmuqHKAoo/jwMRXan2ZOxeW18thOK2+SfY5dI8h Gb6YfZhwWufs2+aub8i9T1Xk0dXSPN9wmkwNC24+ckf9wQzPmNFRACOQCgQoiQ0//EC6+TjT+zPl mY1QCnOU8W+WHZ2R4+OkiGEJMJQH5aVbsmjrovELe+ogsTTilT3NEAyycTHtxvRjs2sb8W35C2jj NG+Ya8Aq+ohL4kUffP1LKq0FFzPgKIhLjnzwjLCXUoLzeg5uIROFs61cpAXcmIy12N+azCXNy047 sHsfGRGGpozhrY1IWAXtjjUAxRXWWm/zDgnrJmTEpPMVWfJizPFk7nULvSbh0jDUo12lRSLngMRf kAQ567cwx/+iRYQYsQLFEgnlDKBGjr1LqBAF0OQsz3qqZiH8lfBgwgwjk6RwQS3rgM+pd+T912Kg Wp4d9B8N58eeVvKqQuGK2NPTvJkhP4g8M8ldeaD+UlOs5KrvLmgdEnl8TEiCy7A6RBhQnbqyWBYk 73xE+VNEPzVfZD6Mrf7dwscz3RGFuw/n7NKMo9IhYcXmTWnYeIdTreLJrnongVLuy69lg5kxjO55 oR1kisNYlOFagJezc6ZRuio38N5On8vwBZbkPLjkCs6L00SrgTOvu/UTu1fUPDAXJ5QpLtya5uuk RA/P0a1nP2EliwbIVJPQ/9Tb48Ajdbmzg4eyFV0OrfoTk5U5g6rugpi2rBn5YhyqgfS30ALc5gUN IwTVi9qEQK+v1VkyKHt/UqkQX8F91tZrMFj1vFNNq5Tkd4AU6/dHxo563jr4ncUQ5wMS71msOBWN imyNQDV9v4PQySpXV2ezHRWcRwmO4NNkdvZWnBRfnKm9oFw9EWLELXFqo1N00th9LJi0EkYjQDre 62fPOY0WRYkTPVU8Mm82xl7GIaDijZbtXS1xzVBN0pg0JRjbTiuQphcYWLpk8ecGPiZjMRXgnw+A i8ifMsqRgV3Qa11bO18gSb1pgPd5nPKkKtbv6u9ekpisO3XkKGUJclX3ehV4ooH7hIOGVl2toIMA ELYTL6yGU2H6jrIHxuYtlJUPJK6nmh9ID9A1Sz6gEHnGYuZYlMlUvpYvkeMjRgCDqWYq0CdEBUq+ 0St9lv53Kg2eFygoMTqq1KVeEB4ERpn+MCoKhEqBLXl8XsADEdl+03OOcOw/FYORSxR07EwCR7XB 927C8mGL+fsp69NXQ6f2grtBANfUijhgCT7NOkK9L/KBObL71Gd1gtQeFFBQeIiI9klld757A+w4 lUOF8NeNNDusCpk+SdV2YD1PB5LafzRns+cG+WqhzPzIU4MmuRFvboDP28yMSa3AbkHqODos0txU EIBSLmECweImy9s1Cm1GhKtiPXW47P/+xHICPZ4/NiFscUUu3V1MQunXSf+sZrsGDZqF06YxcFtA +/CRMkWWVHpvZpoxsqI90h73theNTbfoJR+gXs2YU/JpcnxZTcUfZAX/jHPxPymlOCEiby/t9aAv BwNdduhyri6eMDvRs8HgDOBpsMURJztmlcUbT1TcWYzQ2T53Qu0CaZD+GBqW74cFMl325SZwJVkm mXYnHxqWgAVSCEAARMEUymEeu+alQ1zGYR2FoFpDwQ/EDY31WYx1MtZlaqMJF/UnMbJbLdHq5PKr Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 84] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 1HL7MBNthLiA4m7gcxcdFnqmRAQ+j1uBfPgc/jJFynZAPj3VXHI29baKKj3ML1xyudbma8m0Sx/I GIBAM4GczjH5GcVp5jkwJS1Q5xg6KhRIumagZ2VQ6EjQmteMc7N1NVbDmOYRn6MAFDHmTp2LK79K +7iFqJCB4MzCow9Mh+u4VhLQXDgOoSuQHXlCUg8uJreRA3UDVB+uaBEP45UOywcETsfKRpGzIHtn /DjZ9+gKzLSLJJKM+0aJ/qklEyYx9mPJa8tq6Nok4b6V3rGMd+rPfs+Rkrj27EYTyn1OhjLjiSlP Guvfwj5lF4PNAu2Dgbr5w3391ypmN89Oao4HQgtMOq3Mw+P+4xIZSLFwkq8/7kwwVO6Wsj42yVDG 0as3ijUzk0x2rjpLu9Mw2p9cex+HI2K6OQtlrJekZ8cW0PUIsCWSvwhHdXz56/KDVsrKF+bfk1Ia cUzRHYAoNCkCMkgWk2kD+5/nu2JgCDE9rtWwKw319PZ7Y2JXi4VyGOkqp+2CBG1RdPe3iVxT5iTn d6DFcduStXYtb/TtDudW5zmHp5V+E1Qu0XOO5UeNvVdJhnwkYAlzqwUJ6EBq8k6GAUaX2nNJcwwe ezgGN2ZxwiOW0q3BFCfmNhB2hKi2L+o/NjkfAJtAuYkVgWNAkHPQ0b0QZ3Gsa7aL76OlZ+o4xbka 7pBumec4dAAEY69tXRvyyctk+2uZSqnW3utJE4tk4jfNlmro4eSGjKcn9/SOZDAEB+6czlyvMKzx xR+uvyZZCjcFtWeLKNfQ07agnREiUwLl1RCx2g1rlyaiDYPPzVl8yIlCHzlVTvUsw35H+yDiVjW6 rXbLD8CMV+LXmaScIZOMTLquuEyFEI+SvQ3Zv1HaSHlJOwlMKLDW0Ik6AGuZZVkLr+RAFcPg3phY fLllZLqtYwwXupCX5dszeE/zdF2tKwnoEbtYdVomWn0rC/PoZxvPRSlYGEk2PQ2Jz2JBWPI80JsV TkmvVG9fHU1JK33p4AvJMs4NI/KeewDwiPTwT4GYGd9QiapxLLlXooAZjk7FcsrVIgeIsZhlCwma lH6wOlNPdmO5wfcv8elR0wqzB2fZMxRFbHwUvXIlh0W1UHTMGQiLbElMQ1qPjbrhZxpK/w+1u1KU mLu6OZD7s3R+nwsv1tnFmM4MSmdtfww/tWko5aSIYbIiYkSnPbJCxeElz5Or2QYrzqMHk1G+/qRP lQGECtMXg0vt+Qh0Vf9Fgx+Y6l58Fmi9aJzGaiIzAjp6in2cPKVrTiC7OYdzGgdbq0sko8femM5q ErDQNFEd0l2agEo4sD3bQTDyeR4NJNN28aZUBGpzSLSuDpeQnSVIlmpBhOI3aUC5r30Rsuiuyq9m xmx/TOEngh2jxzmVlKM76rIeLAfRRnhw2RpHtPqDr2Ytt9eaedu+l61cno06uQsSPAh6sB/Mx+5o PoaY+4FVf5N+gNcbMhFbTQ9WdAa+S906AdS3CC21mtWqhhD/gwwgXHaQP+czipzAFh8Y0cL+H8Bw 0RVrXWUYrWhGb7BWXwWQuLPJyrC4Ga76QGrwLgFoxxo3LKOz3CMxspCJwFDIifWVJuM/lO1ew6JU 9N6ACvh42is5JbujvLLtbjAiZXodMLMWP2XkVskQBMVK3RyY3+TS0aaQPYwhKrGK2ipKuOSIxt7e qmkzg116UsvGG4asxrGQ49NHsrvi5AKsXX68eeBNAcAeB5MoTCExBr1LQJCE0YC2XmUxb1gjlQ2L 1O+0/J7xhKYMdl5cEjg4dOGJLHGgA+X9KX+PGWRjR/AHmckKmg2dsvUG3eMVQz4DZc4czjJs4w2E yc15/W/W+GTAdtyCaT5G8CNDZ5XTY2HuSrXtJqG2DD3ZCen8lHwoErJupilyh78nJ94pM1WjM8x2 OFmmjKg9Qe0Na6wEwRzfPW/vuXB3xXpz8J3GtMYIiSwJUdmG1wls1cLyni/qkrMcKFXrpi/wp5A0 T75z5OxqdJeKW6QOpKgG2qepRhgEFR30THzkAhOa05JvZe6uDzhZuXldswfP2vf/k9NYMaAy5ntX 5Iiu3Xp6NwS0/4GGGY1UUDxj5+S8CEXR/049KG/bcVJlS37LsQYjouzhBBOuhfRZj9ZnyvdL/y54 ShlQ2VpPMVjuC6BUKfdtebhPpzG/vlA8dy2QGPot3t3POyxlnuNp8OZsoIgHQBEC1IePCXe8A3m0 CqJMejXP7Opkxuo0yVFNg6QVXgzWqrAOKmHt6EyHVuXdENUXtIl96+bBHdchvbMLktUyOBW7SFJu FSkGow+LtgGk9DcvgcXsOY445Zj3eF0tCXFP/uLGi40c2j6m5Fk/EQVYBJlADDRDGgIUksQuRf8l UMhqfKd3oywb28+haDViuX/anJ27K1rY44STIGl+c5c1k3eAi7tTdaWAO4egVamTNAxATyM2adWB CEIZKhPUi0pOQltxXIizWwGbXVMX39V5iGVbDRQs1GztEBeWshaX07CbqlnxgDxzhhKyEWtoAEOJ 173GGNccEXcb02b85PttBP6ROM4w/u4GmBdR24FjG3D5SeIyUoJPl/6YjCDwJgLtMBJ/kjSV4B8o aReqMiD5PwC2tCC4WcNMOx6Pt5XJtKWks49UFmWdlFQ61/jA7kk1mwy385z9jHWSLpwyqxD3OPSc VIPjBqERIDzqWLsWUNkXKvW+WmxoX08TJUPgIwwKeDGlW9x0IDNXBywJ8pyiqr05+6jCehcsNs0s w6jaVwXNSr5uYBBInpfEFxJlhoeZ7Xgf+pe0R3CiNHtyXWIOjjX4T770op8lzmxTtbJ6rHoiVsHY OrpT9w9sE5e0gjB4HUHiHEkZrs8g0AVUeVr155IuD11TCAY3lYv8oPWE2A9NapZwNR8aFZDFGsP2 iMiNARlPXtGV92tdVkvozsvEKuxxHVyya5ZXcaXn0w59ALKUUQ6+1WHUhJyOIO6A/AxKdKQ65b5q 5CZbkGi7Z9A9tmoCHE6TLLuThwOZEj7fhaKT4mNHuNLhLhjJPaDCJQyGfifBWGjJF5KB6Q4xkIS7 4Gn2oiuU3kEesNwPtIg+eEZOHUQaYfnC6gs4ydeoZ2W1sb0FJOsBIdHGqCto5sMRTjvZkWDvbH96 qsqPnkGLHGkEGbC3KvUJBnGdfVFg91XozWJ45f2HtUIlsKC8BaDC5187s28bCJM8Cp49738RjDHR G4IqAmf4Vr1ZSi+xDvaSgdTxVJhNZUAWDqFkoEvqRroS4W1xT8HJkDopgSEUlWEc6czHBCwec/Fr bw1+WJAsGys1WQWaXgC+//n32V6V2eQ0Vn/bij1CFalI9kf/NkW8rHi5q1A/X90vpT8Wcl/R1Wpm nlVjXI5FgM6+5x5OxgSlXOyU/49/J94COTxQGWqGsa5A5S3pZ0jrE25JHbIRIZmh21mPUTOq5T5k mhI7I1jfTtjDLodHiZKMCWiPYb9d2m/6StGT3YaNEVSJFMe/7qh7dxY/7FAdbMOx/6r4y/RLcExh EWKNUuppXdjHOzMZPYp/S+Re3FXMEFjBCACTEVQPMkUh4P061WIa0b1AviW9YENthGZCAXHJjvv1 flvtq7IWtFgPMB9xDIC/55W92yrskG7HuujsXfjz24Rf5ZoCfR1AmMHI3pRH2145+nVw7Wb5Fvh0 Dang, et al. 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Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 86] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 TOA7GhJ6iZYxSjSoHu7mDJY3jnsxcZzSFo4QMTxzusfrFDjEDQCIQ2yGHI2Hz+UpXPXYQqeamwFo YaJBaut0yYbSO+YApQVMvuy2wbflwGPgoKOcxuS1tjgKlfnmgfoyuUUbH0fUDio2bSoLhuMSsIlz mL2jpyESWKWmApZjnm0cTBmiv0dqPtsZVPCwT5k4gWO7imYXqBmqruXZtwJRM9rbVrKSjagETMqc bCs8CB9CTWX5RfwFlwNGDQ+RVT/JZHrFEcNhm8lRaQmTCugDbyZZZQbEVZqXb91icJ7lXfarULqL hiipguMqQiM3f7ollhXbp/GDvVVyGsaiZ+KXzCzJCibDMjeqdLvYcZjDPgLhy1a1ljhJb5aoVk0X uvXKSVBWat4LM7ybxmLnNPYsObiDNLG1umHLokW8OC6Xx3qHoXLJBgmzOs1cjGvgN5sDZCUcGj9B q1TcgrDCqeeLVipFu3BLU1o2q2obBM2mzybTd1gmsh80qH9HPWYSFQ+nLGgDTwymEBOFMY2rx3d6 t/Plzlnjn9cgPDt8P/d1ry+kV5ZUPMOIqesLOxMpByHQmq26q9VxD+WUNQ+xratpxf2qq9fyyPla yrBZsPblh3/VwsOoV5DjbX/pN9k7x8lGqFf7DGDpLkYHZLXcziL1im3cQG9MUZoEUGXTS+zkOytW vv0Ik5dllVHjm4Zcp2qCN0mlF81SgB2Ws5FzNl3BFdt4R3xTKqYJQmRcyo3CrnYWqdEUXvi5N3bL aY+angpCvcmrtYP5x+s7V2mQQRS3l8Z3hWZ0BxxzXrOMMzmUyLnyq+ghOk4hEDI4Mi2ctThFJ/Ry qyCsgh8QgUR8yNDItHQ5vYD5eqtbF/7mtZyhnt4LeWoUPXtke7WkBdLFdCVkN46WhkhER/MjSiX5 sOPTBVEJtc6KTXEgw8wVjs6olWBWJGOAobOsnGvWQJzLhEsXf6ikNnMgmu9cBuSlxgyGoKr3xt0D Ep3WAS92X7yFq29IaYYAai9kDsxKS6tBDI+aiWa3wKUiic+CmLHmGsELSISLpZ91L6VgKkgKDNE5 zfwwRf5nxnrSkyzbpL/UCabhLM1RMJQaAGoBEb4Ka6C8WMh4b1jtpYS9lSy+8a2gw+35BctoBAzU trPUADKClderKLMMj4KwhZ4C7UoXESJBkKR7Yi1ymg0U/Bnw2yEs5s3/LoXJCfZr+AYXd1xjSuJ2 g1YdSjJuNtzQTJ9YssNNGW1VXbSJyYl1DyFNS4pRYJt59pfg5CyzUz6NJ8Itz7V2JIJ2nv2AIVWC YFW4QJ2a1fbj/pAp9aWOmv62wtIuBhhrDgAAACwiIQa4npjDi4K/b4WefSWbxNRSbH5vNEiguC0N vlgOMnjbowUCaQy86wIbDAAAAACRHiCxDEVtihmld2Mdj8C2iHbsXqXrf+2ZagnQP0+L+vC3T0ds 0K73FzpALZUPb6LfR10UsoUGuayc0E4PluXOG9ycKcQ5iie5pV9yAu8wGPnyxoBlQpmH9PdfnXH4 HL8LWiAJIKhjChYKCs1bJSs7jTC0fAaALFwyuub3/deCcmNORPU4j0EaPfwnBrYBBrhxZHihEcZ5 e1fvYb2CX2DBLk+HMJcNK7dXWFeub6Y8hrMgP5oEgbLkU4NFv2fyrvFx2tZ+kyFjO/EjGF3y+jNY K24JPijMcdFCIyviC6aeVZdxk21Xq2mLtZDjMBJ5cG3lVZbEvE0VmRG2dq16RrSAt4T1bhR3774Y fyyhtONiYFum0ImUa32ncZhS39FcJv7UwYYlxq4/7w7949G6ntoI5quWGDI5Vs92OHs/8EdT70Rz y6OVymqttx3GyyD5IS8Qe0xQQaKl4hACTN4cUq1M9TIrz4nCtsD6FeDL/jacGXWIjThn9GPuJ+Bi S0CsJDFuiR+rCNsWFAUeJC4N8qhgSzktwjz/lRFAY0vBhvjdkMQoiR9oggnGFPlVCIsuT61sXM1Q MWtWVxyoSOaNwU1SvmSUuT7c/AFy8YXSC/oRKAZqrKYlhG6ALbqmFJfHuKH50qoVNhZDhR/3kaZk B/EXZBCp3hmzbnR5BlFSt7vfZHiRC27BECB2KbsxzbvXSoFCJf6kB8sK+OLARHLOrPGsUB487IbF 6o1v6yoPwak2BXiAcQiKGINOty1VTNLUAf9hL4ZtnXcmkY4lTdDIfdSDWu08VXrN5uVINp1F/GsE ZXxSbKRJiVRRKQvQY4k84kR9FxXx5mVCkPnBDqdzb/pSHl45RuivP2/WbSNis/BCR3rt2L8DVtw9 85Ujazf8I6xsTv9+OmzbxNx/S9P37Bh5QO0QhtW+nUNmy+8LKp9n/fthFMQqxjhGC/1UXUo82B3M nPIppdVkBWcIWoPbSwDg2Cm6dmf44zy67c23pCuv8P8FFpCDxqlPr8J4yfH81bNsqGZnD9Lz/HwK /eze2xymxXOIfqWENy9MBUbb40FNhlP0IXnG3TV16GwNd5NUYuoMyQO/PnbNFzuCw+a1+3D2elu7 TLAfAhWqMSVe8AWtNFgsl0Xt+egcdMp55Pe0xpMGkH4ZDDl4/xs4XjPyc8zv+e+nlkN1iy8Wio9L ib2mzi81r8doccHORi8ci0V9KH9Ky2YBICU9IxG7Fur8ddiOozlcCEEJoabAzyrQK6cFmij7pBIE 3aR6iklPDLJIuS/y3MqHJiuqa2Myx+8q+R3KOpmGswbraO1EnmfT0SRoYZvcqoS9j7VAt0YQ8BUx Wj6MAXmkWhilghY8a/Zn4BvowYE4fCjDdPNlpvALbjeQ/5B8cgyLwMpymxpFTHs7ipv+vsLLxIL9 ly3f3puA1dzJ11WGvMx7E90gPoGrQ883Jo1o+U1hAxOiqaNKjS/kUSt7JxDLeVSN0rFx2dQxscsB HHWyASEgcnvUnqeZAbqSnwoaVgUWUxvDR5zcotAUUhplErnbGVPYMvAkOs581io+ukX6u/bzemw/ R63uyZXPnJY0PXcTlg8UZzUZF6QE61QR5uzplTSdXoNOlkpURpWQdeXjFNw3h4xX1ePtltq1wb20 zUDp9wXERLaa+bz0o+2AIC02k5Zmm675gK/acHqJkXnRQHfLtZDdlDTILDbztsnlJp45BI8jdiq9 sNJEFtIdAuE7yX1U9S4tr8x8Cv53jeTlEqh/pJTcg3q4C3POL7X0jtwqks5TL4qK/OWbMHPyp201 Re7zDlfadnnhPKgBOu4/vkW+hyxQXDaSgiEvRoH9cGuvXx8DLh6TY/H4NaTN9HiWhj6TNKySkHee XX37c3SjSzJeL2F+nEFuEh4KiJ6cRRPaQDrkp5yCw89Pn5zUh80OGCjkM2ZnfT1KKzx2PzU1gfxs fLbiW1tjqzTdudQC+a+XFRxwfKuLAqSTyVb8S5kSdJSb0II10jHfqsWhCXnYvTgFC2WRQaw3LYP0 9pxb1dYdDv9ZynkdPf2mQdUrbr7ghd/CzroxwIusgNYhJLbKZ87dlfwKaionFMI+8juZXwf4josF Ot7tfaHf4OTgDG4zt6IKslgYgPIOGdK5MOZqCTaXrQ0cZbr8oM2PzOqM41hpey4Wbq3xjWwm7xRE 2zOHxXXhvBOGZO+wX+DZf7AR9gkGU53QQGNBWLRtwkdvaZ+lyJJS9nwOOxpP/L4lC7h5dItOfKdg Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 87] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 l4li1AhwB7UkxuZaRJ7kSX0NncCNMY0+8+h9Xatdf7EqBToRgYqvTj9ZmkT/kdOldan2h8U+afRk TAcR4fGVsZOOg2K6+b4MV7jK4cEDHn+gs5zCq72HvwWS3KbIHai3hM2BxQ5uR1zF0W8C3d/QL2ft 1m8rzUmzauznQH7j18sEWQNXjw4cMMXbmOG6BzuMsWTw7mE0suFe2o9XjHiaOq/iJ13kHKZBcDSl 70QP1eW0TO7EwTg8p7lMa2N7/Hp44s4r3uD20lWa1jkpKzFdFdtxXjS5LRQ4f8YM7JQcmCD7RQkj jpSi9gBz+aQy1YuPPIm8aEBNxHEG30USI0OoL64CiD3TdUrMSRiffeXssL4/R07PgPVnnHjg1BMw Xmi7bcU1xalx5Huwyqrn99hFAP6KKrDRHXMJEnjkgJDMRLfcFSHxbDGEKSVhTp8QGXRm6jDxPqTM 5djUKpbb5lPBPUMZyLQNxUiEiSNc2io1FWjnQmKVm+esK1k3LeT+pdaFlS84TvwOQ8DwkZmVu0N2 x76fSaeW9SnR6NXNVWAlf55enuBHHxTTIn/ZX5cw7vYoIg86wwtzPykna6NhSBrkdcdqnGXslCOB omoCCHtrHLNrGjCf2BkNuuh602zzNsvzfDqDRcLSJD+PH64DVJdU4ZAA80DtIUPCPW8a4kj5XRVC v54vNLV9xtQwvV5Vkh+sS4eb6wZmo56GOTOpIelW+3SXlADAGqKM9JlwSeO/yMDxsWJvSXQWn7wW iIGTMCsLkZSugHOscv2KYcMqSK3APogVtE8jjxHq2ab/iur2Mf82WKiz8d+vnGQe7M2nVm33aMrj Am/umtuog9vl0HjXQfpAs05hiMOQ8KG4Z5gJV8LW60TE6CMR2MjW0ByOENYrcFLc33t9uryXyb7Q N2hsEC5XmX84d14DIkYNmAoXzC0FZFgw/jZQMkw3eo+6ei/57DUnVMtgHlk3682l4WmIOn8sj4hV 93SGz27r5bkp1i3Eh/svaYws4W7V1Jm2p6ha+nOhdR9NTOsAyMdvDaeGBrSspPIK1R+kHpGNx/ov ggFCV1YbKGY4O0CdAOhGRKV7Kxjb9C1rMKypnH7uWGLuLc0JYlZ16UEHXsK/SC9L/Cb8gDQoO5yK qU4gccyqmJI+bMpZJUHIq0kyW/U1ybnyW1dW0GpMNWgV3cT4PMwxifIN9RRowh1A9T6OgAwzmTWH 2iyusbU/AugpofvX0S6pmETCi+N03bprP0qHC9ACUtn0pyp+6QJynzUwkqegp3QYEdHrrAndH4n7 bI08IsSzSO43LIjgeThLIjh0AfT4kVuUya8YPQhu/xzSQox4dWGu2d4JE7nPOmz4XZykVScrEgX9 6+vTEp0UzYcwMnzwOKN4PRaWsBNOhTCrz+pPc96wTVvleKGySwZRyFI6V5pUmIaKHyxsK/2acN5N fyrKxF7ypTVaEiOI188R4700OjpRtxBfFNNxm1TgB9dqIxh9UGbvyGk1wWCU7g0AIo40O9C35ivS a6mE63UIldcC+tRoxuPN6wFxbU8yu/9zPXeRog2wNDYLqQ4lnuAvLj2q4/TsCoJXs/3NVxIauTJo Pm7gwwkT9EUxUrfJ//fc1STdWNiwbITDi7YwGh347wZPh2B/hPc5jWARmswSfJxbjLr4vnw1u61V RnmcwqslYid+z5KAXYR2tmDo53/IfXIKGpl/KIMjtUgtDDP+sfulvjfjAr77+Dgz9yRqReX3Q6wF rapil7yU/RRulnYXwKEtC2y7VbvQ4apdNLrEwbKZHjfrzXnFvbs6+zYWYLvzOtUxLwhWjkYMD7U+ YwqK9QLq6d1xUnVHg0d46hjHCpTRjPBvU1i5dZIrcoe+p3sAnqmyG5KpXNqJkYqKlYcEFmm91A/Y w4jntVvL2rPkVO/8r22NwYaReURfO6YCs+eruG/Acns3wK6WV9gD3OlL8HaYn4HgWL8ivi3xQnsF K/PbV5Docglbc8RxlGzrexene+mogMAaxbhYU+il1P0miBV231ouyN2mFkHbBcoUJqe5NSFHMvJr 8laJZt7IO0BACs2aO/kwM2kIs0l766JsVD0Xcx6E8nmnJEkS9GEuNbWoA3KxSB6rRDZ/XzhpANul fQSHMb7Ag3XTvDSJdvqHRTRzT0Xcu4gC7aCNG1rLkGItaDhYwhEczYDe1ZHwNCqkOYNamBIe1heX DnYX7n88+M1HO5MyoEJI86A3CGBVjPncXV1jHQW8x2+5EPeNC77I5xI9v/6d9z/tYztaHVTjKVwm VT1cSJ4VUA6U7brXQQqyJq6I8km6zRjr2h06PiE1BS4F/L48bzp+YTgQLBR5s29Zkwn1DdrkxNWJ fFfVamzcKhyR8DHF9CCL4km77l2kvwgUQ1lOXbqNWhmnLtb4TLyUZkbmhxtL7/4tAyx5yE/xelWV opWPDbeWHHvGS6flEXV2n0xqwLKL353blPiqFI23E4tEmSpK63fCK0/qShaMGYBdx3ZBjTBrSwin izgkIPKu/MQt4yyxlqEZf7gfrfMPN+Hb00Rh5L+bOKhOgbu1yyJ9IHZom6x4feHuwdkMqXKs6fgd R3nQqvQJdKyxXBxIy9PnP1L5n5N8URlGq+5u1sLXirahQ/cIM7rjJQRNx032DHFe3BnTAfbqugO5 zz0qjgvavO49Wm77DxqAi4H4cO7szu0tCT8FlZhCWA003zkIIruFde6JO/yI9EzB8hBVJWq0WzgW dzy+KBaKQfvYbZzDEIN//cHyjtz4mBesQu0u3wbF6IUzS2j7aEPneMal6l8wCS6Hl0mpJqkj98wA iUNNu6rXN31stX3ZUSE6msYGvHa/CjUxoDw1B9h9ipSY9OvXya4oaWIVDxE/U9edV1sNDfXkGfdp DmPe6gd9TC7HLz8Isbg+guvKxhE5idxXlRZp/r6pPrIYXKpwOzQVg2el7uGB0AnVqRlCdP6tBjho XSzrsyQk56PU+cw86nX9uLtVBnmcUI7zsc8QW1WiNlLkFQunMMWS+tKenhL3GJYp0rnwGi53t4Ei ZyJAJ3w5XSarsASN+AuPXCM2i6z2f7HWhsbErc50cIdeSbiiLEXrP3pkpUKIM+9LJX6EoXEV7SX1 zzgdymr8Aoaz+2Hy5aUoGLvOVoYL+9shJ4GpF6TCk5O/s65IWgap3wV+VNVcssPE4AhuNrjV2Oso h+IBjOcoYW0bKfTM9I+uVBu1y9Ylr1qkPjBaPmBZXVUyRPNKM3jWOcoXzd6uPij6tj8EpMOeEk7P 7VMZjhvHwQ4s5s0A6zYZO3TRDNhzL2rdJRhF83pnRtExXPl37mBt69b9GfPDN+kEyWwEoZDOqMb8 wL1UEBAdVUPWJ5wGURYIrTvypqpza/0XbN5HLe5n9FwwfKVuQPjqQfTfYgGqSIef3Cbq/Z+8eQc+ +iN2NX+2SEh/WzPgQTN+OttMKOuGcgczQ2B+WoKQ6/ZlpWPklYocPdO4Abss12qPEIs0VmXMRZO3 wehkO2i10TFmwVTMPfz7ZEIkaHIjtXpVc3SIGgeIxp/AN74+TW/9+MUVORMNQAFoxGnDUpF3OkUT W157KlJd+cs7R932L3sXZP6vIQXhRJBFotksQHHLZcssxb7HNm+e0GHTrhYMehR5uRIpzWZSecMz Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 88] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 eGZKJddFULvjsFTDTDFHrVO3ZyfhOvA//cZb7rJDPv0MIB4TqVCEQL6viiQGBco6N3Wkdk3ZbfzF jpksq2k0ebtKBm2kMrSGCzbBRHtS0vK0wLamDsq20sdWMPqh9Vw3LI3xKw7FRHdVdOv8Dz4TN/gs CEBCSKMHuS1VjNOKJAWyeeh3gSUuuAtA6ZP8G9Drx8QDwPvVE9dWtpk9B1poGsauopKmp2Rn4zeq q6cSS/056ebwI0MqJYxUBFAj/h80w61Unreb/UA+iLqcsfftZiKjIG+mScPkf212Aoh3qhy041ZY 89fpH+/qx2XcTzup1czaVv4ocyMp8H7JE2zrLOvKDynnMBO2WiWP7k2AXcD8Lg+AF8LdS+wWSn6l Gx8kNkbfCyosLS5ahpys3P6o2eL7/RQ3OKHpBAc9SGCktMcBMj9ARo6TrMFAbKD3AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEChUaHycwNA== =VxYp -----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK----- A.4.3. Encrypted and Signed Message Here is a signed message "Testing\n" encrypted to the certificate Appendix A.4.2 and signed by the secret key Appendix A.4.1: * A v6 PKESK * A v2 SEIPD The hex-encoded mlkemKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 66c0163a0f68f7b783b58cae6feeb4d2d6ad9b99cd2a7ac311fb78fdc42055c8. The hex-encoded ecdhKeyShare input to multiKeyCombine is 83662068efed 595bbf0f3857bf2d31b4b1c85c1252803761758979819cbb060b0576cef35b3784913 bf5a6fed92641bf0fd726f0dac4b137a7830a23e6adc070. The hex-encoded output of multiKeyCombine is ee6aa72fb27d4a5b6399761610ea0b52aadc391ead369656e3f5d136752d0bb9. The hex-encoded session key is 3fed681f8c216acbf665591f8b4618b455f8652c31f329664127a26b7677263e. -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- wcYuBiEGAz+nKOtKVaTVmgSW5RyQtn9whG3g7TzfuPKBJOyQ0/1nBBQbhiMHWl6e4R9/BumT4A2E hpk8CN4GnL1EpWYCA246989HPdx1Twg3C6sTYYoKpY1930ABNBTqrx671AInOhU2UWf6MSzr+Kt3 IB9vcy5UR/mYFUhvTCyJTJc6UqixXLBJA+yuSyZobdWjwG4iBtL0mnsQXHnHNwSV9iVSZVaA2Bzp FbpRVsenumVYdzbqD+9gCMA0pIf3+SzdfY/53QOKxYXrfuyAyk3+c4q0TcR+EUYLDuueNoFAGlgd OWvvFJnUD2pQMNARUtXru+8QEmtoT/tXHSEMywOXkJ3WEi9PTj2miQ9hEpbT+jeGaDAAmx6h1aWm OhI/SuvKqlCOgOcZPEhlYUOSDF966jEj8FZ7vFtak1y+9iwAyNvWA8DS0DVNLUldF2Co4RRiRUvG vpqnkAJ5Acnfjtmce5yVVdhFHfMC1WuhxMRxbpsG98HNSV5haWBnoCV88omhQUQXjKymL8Q/1Cjg TBgmhJ489zP8K+BbF1z/TrFpUM5+XIsAluUqlOJb1eczB5GHQqhLIiLh7eIjmxKJb8+FS5iqf/pz 2rXH/tjLRFHxDi8A/tZ+ILopDKmtLWtBJ3jTQgz0jKtF/FvqlW8hMIX4CbWhiws8rgWXBgHjnWUR Z/6yyP6N+gNwCsCUU2FEoTUCIOY2u8DD4NgP2pCUUfvb+r5wiPrzYE4laxYqgyYEQhU+DdC8zt4v haERKDg0sjFQs752eOWYwNXhVSZu/ye72P1tCy+fr6+zT8ACBoufKH6GU0xCMPw6rT1yPxPKSSF7 9RTuieb551FII5jWKKfP/wjqtX9Pj2Mstrvz/43YqPeatxD88lFcJRZ7YPmuO9+w/jfb10hXF5Ma NtDNd0HpKNvhlWJaxsR8LGCQa0k9GMEMm1qj88aNLhI/rd/mBb2xqa+MfFRfDY18rLGLeH97ShLv 8q2qvZC3gKZbYlG4VqmiYYd0KnCz2oLoh6ZI3+O/aJ4uoL32itKa4Wgl/T4lPQtlgiSIKYIc42ll Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 89] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 fOnaPPGWuhWY+hcERzUt0UJf8jlAm+PAV8U1C5HLcJSwx6i6VvUvZrWshPOQHPcpoL5xdkwJ771Y 62PEoF+GSiC/NxdIe5J70q6GAwrHISUedHpv6rBL2mcPEnDq5UiBx9j5+8nMzaWtFcwsHPPcUKx2 mOJOEMf88PTE56Fz0oUVmNwP20VTNL0LNw6/S7bXadi0RP+o081AGOOjWcfggJ7WIQB+LQB/g9za H5eTqhwuXairWxYN53tH5sY4Xf2juQs5nUgjllgEXehUCrrN3x88U/ZNRJn6SqpAYbUna0u6i09j zdtZLX6+Jtqiz5jgLBANunZp1/pJr3WRdzzpe4d+W3C/8moUuhi02V8cZ4qKYNO5f5/n5zBhsgAk jGuc+a66GUGM9mtQRW1rMAJbEqMCiQyBT41MJKu8ieH1jqt7kdVcUP48CWViIO6cBEc5ILZcmPC5 gvEbu0HV/uX41IFKQ0dY4Y3XsueuRrrN5vGyJBDVUCKRyZAo9vxhZSeHbW/NPq9aVEWnIO8IjPdi 7IzE2VR3n/Ya8gbARqCsElvLS3isOdoKpt8Gs0sv5+2QW+t5FVY1Pmb8OTRVpVwoe3opeW1AdLNu 27K8aBTIL6a58Xhr+D7n181D8qfOaKzW2dHr/eInbGX46UbksDStveWaFFtOvHQgaojoakCTxx8J m+TiaDHxJDPrx1V5wi/NHbcM1Di4u3rXvrtPaDiQJMXeeSj0gl1TIEx3cmVwhIB2XrzCzMbpNtD/ 74ijkejdP5Swcn241cZNL1AIbw6Tjn1PxMEZfLGyPJT4ucYNGuN1qtHl6bRx55HUL1IXLO5QyiPV XLlLYcU/xetOnRsSvgYmFm3v8Al39ggOHXATqmjY81cvF8hYZl6Ez/C7ZJMiGZOOAKsFXl782AiL boLWVf7UugfHwEGTH2taau0jFl7yk0ligqd3uwDnNNoIMas5bZPlgnIVM1Iwm9b8Ea4dovI4jrB1 /vUQxYyYow4GriallVhz0RxMkm8xo2zPzHuQBegYaMAjsFbC8uHHZ0b6fsgXPU7LqT6vBBzRGGB2 hXpjU+XS93zb+ziyY19FO42NSAyOxdFeyrZ9cjIV75Mk29VnMY9OlWPEhT4sAaTkvKGIVInob+8d qNwUJi+0wsErDlodvfjd+PSzSv3ruecKeaTQuK2W3VO/Mr2etsR1echXsdCq+c4IYVrafHaHAI/m zW7b/Qk1ZZlTQ1zjttl+H80TQ3j39d111GMoXrJwH6C0rIuh6kcvnSBd5OcCt/zs0+HAurLsjghn FM6WRnhGE7VM6dLSsAIJAgwnNf1g4UOr9BVF4OMe8WFPh8q3FoM/P/rgNDmgwkMzzAECO4zDQbEB 0YdcymzIulNxctYZQZudT/ahxlwTzJTtNIg/dH2DjMo1CuPQiVpqPmuHs57ahIf+OK/1R3xjUONP dR7Hq5hSEKFH43DAetPONy1zMbZ8lMyPCQvccEWjnk0Ieq1x1axAM+Ee40UQ8bo+0uP3OvkseiIc ChlvnqxaA4TjXTpw4L8qTnd6VwuOFUAeMTB10Qb6wsgTcPxoVY1JdbuCG62Bq+Q3Iy1BRW/9d4m0 JgcocnpKq/DC6mz26SX6Mplm+gDa1fRweXkvzIUcE4xSM7CgSkk9JblJ+kym8eiITGkoLN4bn4Ut ZOV1oAFPN1eGoPq4lyOhYpPbvt9Iuu5ssIjWa2rvDG9dE+yeRpJs6Ijzjhl4dpzC70tpGDKNXevC 9y7F01wthK2PD3iLns/YR9PqU+o8Pk+EMOZta7oNSUaYehZUowEm80MfEfWG30YgW6qHslqOi+Hm WPosoupFvP3EAUrRUVn7RDjim1RPYZmWCwqZX9SfNT9a++HPNpHpwS2aPzdrIhjNNa2dHtr1FLT7 kpN4BYBuh8D1XAJljL0ilpG2jASUcyWCW6SmEC3Q3DTZihnZ2uo3m/qWtC8W7eklKil+gcV4SM8J sUfcFXdyHmTKD0Rwb2xY2042P/AZG2P5aX6pFuuvVAAeqN4qiAqTkn3jgBLZkwY5YsferCgPPDCq OaiLuQc3PNeUAiJET8RD2uw42rw7mLi7oYDbnTPzpebQzZxs+oReLxwmaeEkIwAjXhzJCV9EBjqG mKUQSQPv1qQozhzqyj0mzPJl0v+Jr5ZkBoB1cfQ+Qp9NA803cbQAKt/RAfRkneba1m7mMuZJCBqR sEVHgY6pAGYkMjlPIkq/wsDlqo/CtVH62IQrAv/0WoxTUXItsEFEI9ANxtkoVkXXvDYfvpw1qPUc DQd/oimSt5cLBzcO6GmyMMSFHa4Ps7+cF9bxiCHFXe54iVY8XfbpeT2VBfUe+3h8NZK37Q1gDK1C gHF/u7R8687aAgZvc0Yv6x22YYaixUsH7DTXk1q4PqUzmpINFkA5qTxsOkDi2RmB5a7/lZplTCF5 HytgPo7ytCLLqhn7Vj4DvQfREKFVhPbr46gdSR/M7Enpiat0nhwGvv7i5frJCIxh8/wBKQ6fVOYH 5Ba5Dl0X/Xxwhl7aST782Cn9uLwBQSU4kX6afnV8ZndxoD76jLXoZDo6MSxWzDHS3F+nY1rxwhPy OG9D8cLN9ct1/GXqt3HuI6h8J2Hs27Z+APOVmwQI0+8xjOUszpqzMpBg8aUfysBR45H++taalDyn ig6Y18TIMTlumvDjnK595cMOoNggKWeU1MQvwe5HYt7mKQrHYgY8OMs4qiD21Pa7i/j8W1DVe6KA IWW87NUy0jaKJfTl9dJjydePaO3YmKUs0V/y+ZvcBkl8TpMw5woGOm1yJmPD524LqV4kD3QdwWby p2yPuo6xrqblfPTUPzUdsVk1s4CDVhWwhuCcG4t4L03VW/KjjMeEs3gBuEpDhkn9kEN54rrfxBYw 48zJZwf1q6bqKWMk/+dg5uYBl3LSUoqoFmfcMh0YBKVITaWhseMp69k0z0zHlup60Mo3PEffbYfu sU09zUXTCeVj4vsKfahSACxmukspxVRwblQDdQUW10MY8X7MH18urWC6z3996cf0NEnt/7+TpcSI 5DZH2U/A4WJWulc4bJM/54N9C0HHnMRUlRuGCg/QXKKHyJ5zeEewk1SC6i8rPRmz7GSZAGkoOzF6 Ri6zny5Z3C8YAscwca2ry3qwMigoFqraEiFHvK2+iGQ3s/TIJu3wxYZTaN58Isrw6kjCf2eBO5NB Y/GBOF2Yi96hW71lx233Ue4xVmfMl/MCaBgYRt9OjCNkpfVePdISoKpo7ST9NX+a4fR7Pau0qNF0 OW+EGjdkL6pqIm86eX9yBT132ngBj3kxqqqIu3OHwnhQbpIZ7mY3a5eZWxtb6V1M9KRS6am1KJCj U6b4h+XRwI+hPwLGZGmwqapHY8DixVbS6vJFltaqTeCc3cjR3Ho1R5jyDUhKebdffsxTXHK8fsW3 YRrmtzOkUrppc2Wt43cKX3bqYC9ikeB9/E9X2hbhKSwFQv7SeGk+BGJlKCtPHqyPc+ds+yslK2MU INr1hoqXVEEUnekHgb8yt5ifXEXTn/czxn3H3nlf/tZF38VLf8iI1sVZnq7OUCHzrd/BjmyM2wH9 xNNXEqOCZ7JdqHZ0kx9nrF5Dvvw6bcYjZdMy8+B3Iix8A5xluxVaicFrVcxOqBjKhMcu6fddtT5O Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 90] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 jGsYbebiOy8N+jWTxUGzJ/U0CHDRr2Tz9m6xW7VAFpNs/z/eD1IuKdoxKTkD3mEe+DVSV5OrajQy SOf1VWCv/I2+LlVby7yHTG0cifQKYeOOpWOhHA6AOaFTBPmnlX2HbVXyO1Lx4NDAy/nUQZuLh3Fg KIklOoZV610jLXJI/+HdW9mHjPqQ2zsqq1VV6AsQ2LffbzSWoR9GZxQAbDxWalN8ek8C527zzKve c7w/89ajUXiJkK+JNw7amjSAl9OrFigJJF83RVJGv7HgGG8GXiidtlbOpL3XCu8Cflk5PRWd95Yt d1JN8eb+NBqejFBHbo02/suhJqyOrPD4D/0pjxF1gV7PqZOJTUoJEf8jSJb/a0EIr8LJ5YGWodCo CU5oxym+RMrClTPfnKQ/437AbKeev8kh7G5OZF6+tECeFwCZDnBWXU+NlngkmVsflUxk8klbtye8 f12No/ZKQJNHxBz3OrV7xPEP+BL86maB4eD3oyIAt4gMe49p0+riA2QvH1XViNBjO5ttif1qxhz3 z36dFptAQIe9GxdiSt9q9X9XBV7/OmZn4GZO02R1qkngbZCJfLbh97c9bef0B6HqxBNz0Hb4Dvd2 7JfL80rx7z/SyQog/QDkJ53sruCM3wllQMx83EEqUxy1dWQLQ3Ma57eFtV6HF2e1NRXF65PeBQFD Mk0ue/K4dkTShE8uIlXd3UX+G70kHCzBu8Hhbd0GNh8kwQKQOLaaDddhkIu4rmdTglnd+YMv7XIM s4Yr9tWBZc3iw0cWzCA9+Z9fNs4SVIs0EHISrjti19kLfGJwigRVRaLz92K0Uhmo4PNEyUB15+un waCbk2bM7kESayQWFAny9AORX6xBMqQG85drKL9ln/qoZfd+AO36JBFo/c/MOvnTMzIrT81tqklK vnpAcbaSn6rPO4J8+q8ZzvY61wMxd1SIMTT7uGhB066NyQbEJSlfAGYQctHC3HDYqCSDbbyR6JHZ wGVFzepMT80tgZuavUmF3G4qVTQtE12axXLmugxnx6CwyNE3LfRtfoeFtzunS9kKMtdS2KuliPEH AwMn+QxPeuHmTHTlLq6NHpItyuAXyWoFH7MuDUBgkMnr1uQDp0CKqlpEZj1OXBiLz261ehn42qWC vn5T2v44TULUFdhVQoGroQ/KhmMbUijYHSHTapQDOjZYlCwBLXc2SKb0wMPwusTws8JkDFlOQaIk JWm00PWVsW6mS8cm1vJOdkBHHZIYg/PRWTWQj72vGIuW1+hUITAqsOFW3h0SATxTXwfwYUPJj2IL Lx8+cyweaNTO2oxBx3GInn5GoyXBtIClN9+SQWSFp/hM/UmXDudpUcm8G+u6jAMW+UI7O2j5SCxy 566BBshZVrjMn3efkfWeq/0n78X2YeREPj+tZmau7PpGvtCrqD42jfk1V34g7+o1duR0mcNvCZG4 vCVJtzpRTT6IY46rMn1+YaKfxrcClDJ+P/ezC8PO8D7fNrG4/QHfmgyelHdHLBCIpWT58m035M6L +mEMpFZHyMhIPUeRe8SZ8g4Kz2Yk5R/w4TiixrVy0t5ShSTOh10o5biPF7PqP8qffJ1BHUEsRxRj TsD/MQnJqHyBEAU3UeOvFYM8DQkMFWH5XlXhI8UfE4sqKCMhxvVVAQAXwB5EZUSfB1/5nMnYNaXo NiNoMt4QslWkDOmhkv7CVHyXnZgDpJ2U7nBBbN8jRC4Y20oupPwdUsumk27jiZ/imCJs8a88Uy7K KNd/xP+G4lLlmqr/1s1GZTxvzEI1tVhXwtZxMnGguIM657zVL+HGIHUnNtCP3xs8FUvioMlPd66s rdwSq7iDYx6FgmKkx4QIFMrcOHECvQ8BK+hkn+3yxscIrpWaFYtSlfR3D8zHnpn7b3jh1VUgF8/R lq7QdB5KCSDeF4FhSbCclj2gS1K7wu607bp1pepU2WQouuySW2bX/CCp9AulzjqouyfyxCjJg0co TO/PpJmvg4pCQoTHV+pr8jE5fM5vLx/QhOI/OZgm4gjpJiRhDDvAQhPd1Iuy2J9MJ/pNbB9kxttb fsVDuxSLhoD4VpLOp7WlXEU3qLgGzaU/v0+d22PaeVDM8y6pbyNxjJriDj3O+jt70G7zZrM7t1Wp BBWaCb6IwGFy8/9V+g25WpIZuEWrJA+S5CVt6KBHUHAOUvDhgNcO14r+ltBOVkjPOdcPHHVTiBz9 hb3fe3f8diuGtPw8GNZJugiIapOgsRmQ8mgdBo5rkhLQXVPagzOOjOnX0dL6fq29QUXqiUAnS1SM v7vmsnNgna7NJizV9V12E2La30JCJO2arhnOO/GoJ6kYNqJ4wfTL9FOgH7OjEvEEpI3g8FYrRPil PPdlHxkgnJwNNoEj40glMr1e6AwfZevT9mJxLzUmBmUjmgtiArKTITCvtVjnI+9Lgp5XLkbYIBX7 B7fDifymuOizGwTceubQUtSZ3DbRWlLV4nAv1xNmbheEbwW3gd1BZsmb7fLd2j+56YPU2WBkjIkI JDjmFSZATNP0whdkpKmAeaAUQ9df2N6RQrjNLlS17iJqZ6A6wjCfHWiNouy/eZL7vr6wh/cFIxyv dHD4oGWi5H+vTCZga4pMGELWxM72NsLi5ECdnd2MKMykh0D7qIzzxW2HAP2zsVpJ1jAiz2eQ/utw PmQLi2WlL2ohSZEftBaNc8W7hfG8erZnf5vkHYFS4rPHjA5w2Q7hQhBt7e+jnO6fLX/+U0bp0MHH hq2GGIKXYsMDbvIGVmKQIiwe5Fm/riv3hrr47sXXRPYDYI3NwJFHDDF0YuhhwOQiHbs3wxDhTiBS GSLaWVBuoFHQngsO6wvyJa2/T/OgPsuiuBlMdJVk/Bwv/BYL7LVSL8Vvh2eE1HitIP4gUCCtAyrz Mrzsbd3329Sc/04dDP1DzmQAA5QFJdT/He0U22o5oqGyBfO0HkQGsdepf5eiIp6nBZ3ULiWUbDAV h6EvL3kUafiwcPIF7UsGZkQcOdPiKw9ApToKaoRixWiz+1Dmxqfc4ww0m/QSdqW5oJ+nAkrujMD8 m5r4JcgrT9RNe66orO0pLAuIcZ9XMXiS5UJlEZU2S4+NwkzcMItdprkxfQ8LiVcMb/vBSnQtUXNA kTC2z1Bd1rrGU2kt2ubpWHW/iqfAHxAOo3enK9zjfd8MBCh9STjbAcUD1kt/j9H3Kppgk+V4z8iM xbPjCfn8Tmi44QiGCskGa9gQSZCh70vZOX+EqFfUX9b261qaupgL8DJfxpcdJrqL6CovKoEtF0vT XdxphNxa13RYSeS4umAlLKSMLsk3JKxzoOyuGHjqXCg6FIE1pWReTdhqSjxndP2syffRU9s5/x73 Anwdsh0xmDbazvICMCcKb752pA5JdooDE9SzXmBKKumnPsD7yQDC/D9lqyvtQyiyA1X0vqx8dIVh AVuxxBMJsGgAmhaigCAjnthzQWTCK3vt3VLn2K8h49ZybF9i3chJhpLQ4N772zeM3sVnn3KK4sSP zvhlY3Ev2xwEjm0Rd+Zem+hMBD895Zrle79rNBy6h5L7m02Xt0KAMgZU28GCZn0OxyP5DS3acCyL hB+YMIrJcTTqh3QVhSJhUvNr2N7I5ptb/gIBJ9GkaThPlc6RELfG5cGr2gh0dgVL7DSMAfKTo5Ke Dang, et al. Expires 15 May 2026 [Page 91] Internet-Draft NIST Brainpool PQC November 2025 oHll6NpkMjJk7i3SV4w1EKn1zOkwrcEw/ZgY61kvnJZQ67NXKfb5yUIuH2pyYMk/fnbMsiMy/2cE 38Khz2i3Z968VZlHLml+Ux90rWffABgvbd9Jl8wUHu20euG4yGXY1+NxPE9B2vhqtKLTlMBxnfWP ApwyOfcr5lvzxokULwa8z8XqN+T/6Xe+QtCsokArfV6FJBAAsDqt22e3/cCLhc/Mp6kAj7O3+2JT 1yj+mTeRwc23pkd2XDydZCOqGh2Bf71vcZ7ybyDjDV5mC749PqEemMDJvlmnjmpiUx/3Ek7vv8EX xklaHfW0qvFvWkaws88jYkiaoAM0QAUWNCV4nevDdC1FcACRNKz0Gcznehbb6RNMD0UmHEYYNsbN QM+iDSLrRLxxhQnzeyL5tHogKLN6q/FYkaf4bEs/NXMXimRgpBjLl+DIv0C9mT4QIUetkZ1VG6dY Tn+G3ntbNSTHNTG/VAMCalq1J6i521Id7EIaiRdXo5LlqHGZQuw/TNR0pEJDmUsJrPwrR1zkZufQ 2TcLOffKJYdwscAO71y6eTsyZuujcjsmqGaoPcrzmmZ84Re9uu2agWPHzhqkYdhHH2IcwSCJdrKi JQak/WMd0DYdYS+BbFPp/77BxHJPR29LXFouM0oY =eOnq -----END PGP MESSAGE----- Acknowledgments Authors' Addresses Quynh Dang NIST United States of America Email: quynh.dang@nist.gov Stephan Ehlen BSI Germany Email: stephan.ehlen@bsi.bund.de Stavros Kousidis BSI Germany Email: kousidis.ietf@gmail.com Johannes Roth MTG AG Germany Email: johannes.roth@mtg.de Falko Strenzke MTG AG Germany Email: falko.strenzke@mtg.de Dang, et al. 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